What's the difference between malingerer and shirker?
Malingerer
Definition:
(n.) In the army, a soldier who feigns himself sick, or who induces or protracts an illness, in order to avoid doing his duty; hence, in general, one who shirks his duty by pretending illness or inability.
Example Sentences:
(1) Although Rey hypothesized that malingerers would be mislead to perform poorly while even individuals with severe concentration problems could succeed, a review of the literature did not reveal any empirical reports that examined the actual performance of nonmalingering though disturbed patients.
(2) Patients who receive worker's compensation or are awaiting litigation after an accident have long been regarded as neurotics or malingerers who are exaggerating their pain for financial gain.
(3) In the main study the expert clinician correctly identified all 20 malingerers.
(4) The results suggest that before isokinetic testing is considered as a possible way to distinguish malingerers among injured patients, normal values in an age-matched, nonathletic, working population should be clearly defined.
(5) Suggestions for confronting the malingerer are reviewed.
(6) It has been used for assessing visual function in infants, hysterical patients, and malingerers.
(7) The test significantly discriminated between genuinely ill patients and malingerers.
(8) The subjective complaints of malingerers must be viewed with skepticism.
(9) Because such patients usually have no objective signs of painful crises, they are often considered to be malingerers and drug abusers.
(10) Although Pascal-Suttell and Canter scoring methods failed to differentiate malingerers from an organic criterion group, an ABPP clinician sorted 89% of the records correctly in a pilot study.
(11) Fair or poor results were obtained in cases of malingerers claiming occupational accident, patients who had too quickly recommended physically demanding work, and cases associating other lesions (cervico-brachial neuralgia, epitrochleitis).
(12) Total obvious minus subtle T score discrepancy greater than 100 discriminated the student malingerers and produced few false positives among clinical populations such as psychiatric inpatients and outpatients.
(13) Both the malingerers and the psychotics either were untestable or produced incomplete or random MMPIs in about 50% of the cases.
(14) This paper presents a scale for using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 for the detection of malingerers in personal injury claims.
(15) Although he could not meet personal and professional responsibilities, his "measurable" intelligence was superior, and he was therefore considered a "malingerer."
(16) Though not definitive, these results suggested a syndrome of characteristics among such subjects which are similar to those proposed as likely characterizing malingerers.
(17) This article explores means whereby the physician can detect the malingerer.
(18) Special attention is focused on measurement, identification and interpretation of brainstem responses and their major clinical uses, namely threshold testing of infants, young children and malingerers, diagnosis of acoustic tumors and neurological evaluation of brainstem lesions.
(19) Discriminant analysis accurately classified malingerers and psychotics on the basis of MMPI variables.
(20) It is a valid method of dealing with suspected malingerers and those who cannot respond to standard audiometric techniques.
Shirker
Definition:
(n.) One who shirks.
Example Sentences:
(1) It is bad enough that the minimum wage required by law is hardly generous, yet there we were again last week confronted with reports of delivery company Hermes exploiting workers , HM Revenue & Customs widening its investigation into the notorious wages shirker Sports Direct and a challenge to Uber’s employment practices.
(2) Only those with very long memories could recall the former Labour health minister’s call in 2013 for the coalition government to drop “the strivers versus shirkers rhetoric” .
(3) We urge all party leaders to tackle the deficit fairly, to repair the recent damage to the social security system and to cease misleading, and divisive, rhetoric such as “strivers” and “shirkers”.
(4) In other words – and ironically in view of the coalition’s rhetoric – many of those forced to claim the working-age benefits targeted for further cuts are not what the prime minister calls “shirkers” but, in fact, “hard working families”.
(5) The stories of the "rotten shirker" butcher of Finchley, of the German baker whose shop was destroyed by crowds shouting anti-German abuse, and of the last son at home whose four brothers had already died in the first world war are revealed in records released online by the National Archives at Kew .
(6) But such is the toxicity of the shirkers-versus-strivers message, delivered by all the leading political parties, that facts are no longer believed.
(7) Osborne gloried in his depiction of his actions in support of the nation's "strivers" and attack on the shirkers.
(8) He loathed the way the chancellor framed arguments about benefits as “strivers versus shirkers”.
(9) Having waged war on shirkers – be they old, disabled, single parents – all now scrabble to be on the side of "workers".
(10) Meanwhile, at the launch of a report on poverty published by the Church in Wales and Oxfam Cymru on Tuesday, the archbishop led calls for citizens to question false stereotypes of those in poverty as shirkers and skivers.
(11) The Tories need to promise something for ordinary voters but Labour has also been busy talking about itself as the party "of work", for no one wants to be seen as the shirkers' party, though globalisation means the world of work is a deeply insecure place.
(12) Miliband’s “zero-zero” was a rhetorical flourish, calling for better pay and clawing back the £34bn (some say much more) from the evaders and avoiders and the Luxembourg shirkers, from Dyson to Amazon.
(13) They play a trio of shirkers dodging trench service during the First World War.
(14) As in our previous communication, we continue to be worried by grossly misleading rhetoric concerning those who have to seek support from the welfare state, such as the contrast between “strivers” and “shirkers” , which risks undermining trust not only among different sections of society but also across generations.
(15) To be sure, some countries are worse than others, with the United States topping the list of responsibility shirkers.
(16) He said Osborne had set out a false choice between strivers in work and shirkers out of work and on benefit, saying 60% of families hit by the tax and benefit changes set out in the chancellor's autumn statement last week were in work.
(17) When the coalition capped benefit rises at 1%, it was not, in the main, the jobless “shirker” who suffered.
(18) Any genuinely progressive LGBT activism would challenge the divisive narrative of workers and shirkers, strivers and scroungers, and address the growing social and economic inequalities that leave vulnerable LGBT people prey to poverty, violence and discrimination.
(19) Harvey is a telling target: a fitting symbol of the myth that it is the shirkers and spongers around us who are to blame for our ills.
(20) To recap: as a desperate Conservative party scrabbles around for anything approaching a sense of purpose, David Cameron and George Osborne are sounding ever more shrill about the supposed divide between "workers" and "shirkers", or "strivers" and "skivers"; and this latest proposal is aimed at alchemising popularity from prejudice by capping most working-age benefits – including tax credits – at 1% a year until 2015, severing the link between social security (can we use that term, rather than that ideologically loaded US import "welfare"?)