(n.) The outermost of the three small auditory bones, ossicles; the hammer. It is attached to the tympanic membrane by a long process, the handle or manubrium. See Illust. of Far.
(n.) One of the hard lateral pieces of the mastax of Rotifera. See Mastax.
(n.) A genus of bivalve shells; the hammer shell.
Example Sentences:
(1) Unfortunately, both the malleus and the stapes have to be in good position to use this type of reconstruction making it much less common than other forms of ossiculoplasty.
(2) These complications are of much higher frequency than after tympanoplasty with autograft, and indications for tympano-ossicular homografts are now limited to total tympanic destruction with absence of handle of malleus.
(3) In our series of 31 patients, it was found that severe conductive hearing loss, abundant pale granulations, and denuded malleus handle are constant findings and, in our opinion, are significant clinical features of the pathology.
(4) The observed pattern of development in nonirradiated specimens was the following: hypertrophy of the rostral process and endochondral-type ossification, fibrous atrophy in the midsection, and mineralization of the malleus and incus.
(5) The position, displacement and phase angle of the rotation axis of the ossicles was calculated based on the displacement and phase angle of the umbo, malleus head and lenticular process.
(6) The reshaped incus is repositioned between the malleus handle and oval window when the stapes is fixed and there also exists a lateral ossicular chain defect.
(7) The malleus exhibits a handle separated from its head and keeping a persistant relationship with the tubotympanic recess.
(8) The position of the normal-shaped mobile stapes was just medial, and not posteromedial, to the malleus.
(9) This paper presents the authors' experiences with one method of reconstruction of the tympanic membrane when it is totally absent or when there is a fixed, retracted, defective, or absent malleus.
(10) pseudomallei only, and with it, it is possible to resolve the immunological problem of distinguishing diagnosis between Malleus and Melioidosis.
(11) At high levels, the attachment is less intimate, most of the fibers appearing to pass lateral to the malleus handle.
(12) Temporal fascia placed medially to the tympanic remnants with the malleus handle exteriorized has been used successfully in over 1,200 tympanoplasties with adequate conization of the drumhead produced in most cases.
(13) All points on the tympanic membrane vibrate in phase with the malleus up to a frequency of 1 kHz.
(14) A review of 62 cases of blockage of head of malleus showed that apart from secondary lesions (post-traumatic, postoperative, postinfectious), primary blockades were a definite entity.
(15) Measurements of tympanic membrane surface area; depth of the tympanic membrane cone; the lengths of the malleus and incus long processes; and stapes footplate, annular space, and oval window areas were obtained using video micrographs and computer digitization techniques.
(16) These procedures, short and long "L-shaped" assemblies, used for patients without a malleus, resulted in a mean 27 dB bone-air gap postoperatively.
(17) Thus, disarticulation of ossicles can be localized precisely, and fixation of the head of the malleus can be differentiated from stapes fixation.
(18) However, conventional atticotomy was not able to achieve improvement in the mobility of the ossicles because the mobility is usually severely restricted at the malleus.
(19) We report on a 5-year experience with 44 patients (1980-1985) with incus interposition using a modelled or sculptured incus, either autograft or homograft, to correct ossicular discontinuity when a functional malleus and stapes are present.
(20) Meckel's cartilage appeared as a single, continuous fibrous structure lying between the mandibular lingula and the malleus of the middle ear in fetuses of 210 mm crown-rump length (22 weeks of age) and over.
Rotifer
Definition:
(n.) One of the Rotifera. See Illust. in Appendix.
Example Sentences:
(1) Lifespan is strongly correlated (0.7009) with the length of the reproductive period in the rotifer Asplanchna brightwelli.
(2) Two possible mechanisms are discussed to explain these results: (1) cortisone stabilization of lysosomal membranes, or (2) recognition of cortisone as a hormone capable of altering resource allocation by the rotifers.
(3) The rate of lipid peroxidation (LP) was measured in rotifers reared under conditions of continuous darkness (D:D), dietary restriction, vitamin E supplementation, or elevated temperatures.
(4) They show the same buoyant density as chitin and also as the chitin-containing layers of rotifer egg-shells.
(5) The rotifer Asplanchna releases into its environment a water-soluble, nondialyzable, pronase-sensitive factor which causes uncleaved eggs of another rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus, to develop into individuals with a pair of long, movable spines which neither their mothers nor the unaffected controls have.
(6) The jaws (trophi) of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis are soluble in strong acids but are resistant to long treatments by strong alkali.
(7) Both high and low temperatures increased rotifer sensitivity to reference toxicants.
(8) To account for the mechanism of this unusual and novel effect it is proposed that these compounds interact with the anesthetic binding site of the rotifer cholinoceptor ionophore in the open state.
(9) It was shown by means of radiolabelling with 45 calcium that the rate of calcium accumulation in chelation-treated rotifers was markedly lower than in the untreated controls.
(10) Cortisone at 100 and 200 microM concentrations produced a significant increase in both life span and reproduction in the rotifer Asplanchna brightwelli.
(11) Extensions of life-span and reproductive period were achieved in the rotifer Mytilina brevispina var redunca by regular brief immersions in solutions of one of the following chelating agents, sodium citrate, sodium tartrate, EDTA, and EGTA.
(12) A number of compounds showing general anesthetic action in the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus were investigated in the presence of acetylcholine.
(13) In the summer of 1982-1983 it was observed an impairment on the daily cercarial harvests which was related to ambient temperature increase, and the presence of rotifers in the aquaria water.
(14) The magnitude of cannibalism in this rotifer may be dependent upon a complex suite of heterogeneous predator-prey interactions and greatly affected by shifting densities and distributions of different clones and female morphotypes.
(15) No response was observed when rotifers were exposed to aluminum chloride, mercury chloride, pentachlorophenol, sodium arsenite, sodium azide, sodium dodecyl sulfate, or zinc chloride.
(16) Examples are provided, derived from populations having rather different lifespans such as rotifers, flies, rats and horses.
(17) Furthermore, significant quantities of calcium, which increased throughout the life-span, were withdrawn from rotifers at chelation.
(18) The rotifer Asplanchna brightwelli shows a continuous decline in swimming activity through the course of its 5-day life span.
(19) The presence of acetylcholine in the culture medium was found to result in egg retention in the bdelloid rotifer Philodina acuticornis in a dose-dependent fashion, with no other discernible physiological effect.
(20) The results of this study indicate that levels of the SOR and lipid peroxides are coupled to rotifer life-span and that activation of phospholipase A2 may contribute to the elevation of these agents in older animals.