(n.) A crystalline sugar formed from starch by the action of distance of malt, and the amylolytic ferment of saliva and pancreatic juice. It resembles dextrose, but rotates the plane of polarized light further to the right and possesses a lower cupric oxide reducing power.
Example Sentences:
(1) One surprising finding is that the MAL1g-encoded maltose permease exhibits little sequence homology to the MAL1-encoded maltose permease though they appear to be functionally homologous.
(2) To gain further insight into the side chain requirement at position 177 that confers maltose recognition, further substitutions of isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, proline, and serine have been made via site-directed mutagenesis.
(3) Whereas fructokinase I was induced specifically by growth of the organism on sucrose, fructokinase II was derepressed during growth on ribose, galactose, maltose, and lactulose.
(4) After 2 hr of reperfusion, maltose absorption and weight gain of small intestine were determined.
(5) Maltose-positive strains were only demonstrable in birds with wounds inflicted by cats.
(6) In acting upon beta-D-glucosyl fluoride, maltose phosphorylase was found to use alpha-D-glucose as a cosubstrate but not beta-D-glucose or other close analogs (e.g., alpha-D-glucosyl fluoride) lacking an axial 1-OH group.
(7) One class II mutant carried a Tn10 insertion in or close to malT whereas in the remaining class II mutants the insertions were located at least 4 kb upstream of pulA in a region which may define a new regulatory locus of the maltose operon.
(8) The Cs cob.1 ORF was cloned into the vector pMALcr1 and over-expressed as a hybrid protein fused to maltose-binding protein (MBP).
(9) Monitoring of the intestinal allograft is possible with the combination of a function test (maltose absorption, glucose absorption, or any other function test) and repeated graft biopsy.
(10) Relocation of this segment, in effect, opens the D-glucose channel; maltose and cytochalasin B would thus inhibit transport by mechanisms which block this positional change.
(11) The action pattern on amylose, soluble starch, and glycogen showed that the products were maltose and maltotriose.
(12) The concentration of free glucose in the intestinal lumen during maltose absorption is not high enough to account for the rates of glucose transport observed.
(13) Mutants in malF and malK are defective in maltose transport at low concentrations as well as high concentrations, as previously shown, but are essentially normal in maltose taxis.
(14) Fibers were selected for this experiment, only if they responded to 1.0 M sucrose or 1.0 M maltose and they responded poorly to 0.1 M NaCl.
(15) Under our experimental conditions 20 to 30% of the administered maltose have been excreted and 7.5 to 23.4% have been oxidized within 8 hours.
(16) Renal excretion of sugar measures 25-35% of the maltose administered parenterally.
(17) Domestic and imported honey samples (115) contained 2.00% maltose and 0.71% isomaltose.
(18) SP-D can be selectively and efficiently eluted from isolated rat surfactant with glucose, maltose, and certain other saccharides.
(19) Studies were made on the ultraviolet difference-spectra of glucoamylase from Rhizopus niveus [EC 3.2.1.3] specifically produced by the substrate maltose and the inhibitors, glucose, glucono-1: 5-lactone (gluconolactone), methyl beta-D-glucoside, cellubiose, and cyclohexa-, and cyclohepta-amyloses.
(20) These results suggest that the structure of the reducing glucose is not important in the binding specificity of maltoporin or maltose-binding protein.
Trehalose
Definition:
(n.) Mycose; -- so called because sometimes obtained from trehala.
Example Sentences:
(1) After absorption of labeled glucose, two pools of trehalose are found in dormant spores, one of which is extractable without breaking the spores, and the other, only after the spores are disintegrated.
(2) The results presented here substantiate the hypothesis that in S. cerevisiae trehalose supplies energy during dormancy of the spores and not during the germination process.
(3) In tuberculosis this effect has been indirectly attributed to the production of cord factor (alpha,alpha-trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate).
(4) Flight-induced activation of phosphorylase is prevented when the release of AKH from the corpus cardiacum is blocked by the presence of high trehalose levels in the hemolymph, and also when the production of AKH is made impossible by prior removal of the corpus cardiacum glandular lobe.
(5) We report that E. coli K-12 and W1485 (sup0) accumulated trehalose but that they required a higher osmotic strength in the growth medium than that required by their sup+ derivatives.
(6) Murine peritoneal macrophages activated for cytotoxicity by trehalose dimycolate in vivo and lipopolysaccharide in vitro released cytostatic factor(s) against EMT6 target cells, in 8-hr conditioned medium (CM).
(7) We showed previously that trehalose dimycolate (TDM) in oil administered intraperitoneally into susceptible mice produced interstitial and hemorrhagic pneumonitis by the seventh day after injection and that mature T cells are necessary for the production of these lesions.
(8) A sharp rise in trehalose level of haemolymph is observed towards the end of 4th instar accompanied with sudden fall of the sugar in fat body during the same period, but after moulting blood trehalose abruptly decreases.
(9) In these crude enzyme fractions, high concentrations of trehalose-P inhibited the ADP-Glc and GDP-Glc pyrophosphorylases but did not effect the UDP-Glc or TDP-Glc pyrophosphorylases.
(10) We conclude that although development of pulmonary lesions in trehalose dimycolate-treated mice is a T-cell-dependent process, macrophages are also essential and are more directly involved in production of the lung injury.
(11) The other major soluble carbohydrate of the sporophore, trehalose, decreased throughout the growth of the sporophore; a parallel decrease was observed in the mycelium.
(12) The trehalose molecular was found to be esterified by a complex mixture of corynomycolic acids (3-hydroxy 2-alkyl fatty acids) which were present as saturated, mono-unsaturated and di-unsaturated homologues (carbon numbers C32 to C24).
(13) The addition of 0.25 M trehalose or sucrose to LEH results in the maintenance of liposomal size following lyophilization.
(14) The penetrant solute glycerol did not induce trehalose synthesis indicating that the loss of cell turgor rather than increasing medium osmolality per se was the mechanism stimulating trehalose synthesis.
(15) Trehalose appears to reduce the direct interbilayer hydrogen bond coupling thereby modifying the thermal stability and the phase transition mechanism of the bilayers.
(16) alpha-Trehalose was found in the aqueous phase after saponification of the product.
(17) Most of them were identified as biotypes D and B, only a few as biotype A, and none as biotype C. Moreover, among the 24 S intermedius strains (96 per cent) biotypes 1 and 2 could be differentiated according to the type of growth on crystal violet agar and their ability to produce acetoin and acid from maltose, mannitol and trehalose.
(18) The primary response of bacteria to exposure to a high osmotic environment is the accumulation of certain solutes, K+, glutamate, trehalose, proline, and glycinebetaine, at concentrations that are proportional to the osmolarity of the medium.
(19) The adjuvant effects of dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide (DDA) alone or in combination with trehalose dimycolate (TDM) or muramyl dipeptide (MDP) on bovine humoral and cellular responses to a soluble protein extract of gamma irradiated Brucella abortus strain 19 (SPEBA) were investigated.
(20) These results suggest that trehalose synthesis would require G-6-P formation derived from maltose.