What's the difference between marker and masker?

Marker


Definition:

  • (n.) One who or that which marks.
  • (n.) One who keeps account of a game played, as of billiards.
  • (n.) A counter used in card playing and other games.
  • (n.) The soldier who forms the pilot of a wheeling column, or marks the direction of an alignment.
  • (n.) An attachment to a sewing machine for marking a line on the fabric by creasing it.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) These variants may serve as useful gene markers in alcohol research involving animal model studies with inbred strains in mice.
  • (2) Activity of Na,K-ATPase activity was measured as a functional marker for synaptosomal membranes.
  • (3) Anti-Leu 7 could not be considered as a specific marker for oligodendroglioma.
  • (4) Serum samples from 23 families, including a total of 48 affected children, were tested for a set of "classical markers."
  • (5) On removal of selective pressure, the His+ phenotype was lost more readily than the Ura+ Trp+ markers, with a corresponding decrease in plasmid copy number.
  • (6) In spite of dense lymphocytic infiltration only 3% of the tumor infiltrating lymphocytes exhibit the activation marker CD 25.
  • (7) Twelve families with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) were studied by linkage analysis using 10 polymorphic marker loci from the X-chromosome pericentromeric region.
  • (8) These results indicate that HBV markers in cord blood are either false-positive or due to contamination by maternal blood rather than an indication of in utero infection.
  • (9) From the biochemical markers in follicular fluid, cyclic adenosine monophosphate has a distinct predictive value in regard to pregnancy in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles.
  • (10) We therefore enumerated the percentage of Leu2a+ cells as well as the occurrence of HLA-DR activation markers within this population.
  • (11) During the digestion of these radiolabeled bacteria, murine bone marrow macrophages produced low-molecular-weight substances that coeluted chromatographically with the radioactive cell wall marker.
  • (12) Thus, our results indicate that calbindin-D28k is a useful marker for the projection system from the matrix compartment and that its expression is modified in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy and striatal degeneration.
  • (13) The telencephalon of teleost fish shows high affinity uptake for D-[3H]aspartate, intermediate levels of GABAergic markers and low levels of cholinergic enzymes.
  • (14) The presence of these markers has facilitated the identification and characterization of the mononuclear cells in a number of animal and human lymphoid malignancies.
  • (15) The independent but combined use of both antigens, appreciably raises the diagnostic success percentage with regard to that obtained when only one tumour marker was used.
  • (16) Maternal plasma levels of cortiocotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) have been measured in abnormal pregnancy states to assess their potential as biochemical markers for at-risk pregnancies.
  • (17) Improvement of its particularly poor prognosis requires therefore early screening based on reliable biological markers.
  • (18) The summary statistics examined are (a) the slope of the least-squares regression of the marker, (b) the average of the last r measurements, and (c) the difference between the averages of the last r and the first s measurements.
  • (19) A 6.4 kilobase C4B-5'-specific Taq I fragment usually provided a reliable guide to the presence of a C4A deletion but unusually in one instance this fragment was found to be a marker of a functioning C4A gene.
  • (20) The availability of locus-specific probes should significantly expand the role of minisatellite markers in population biology.

Masker


Definition:

  • (n.) One who wears a mask; one who appears in disguise at a masquerade.
  • (v. t.) To confuse; to stupefy.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Finally, three mechanisms are discussed that contribute to the absence of unmasking by masker fluctuations in hearing-impaired listeners.
  • (2) Detectability of a filtered probe tone (250, 500, or 1000 Hz) was measured in the presence of a narrow-band Gaussian masker centered at the signal frequency.
  • (3) For fixed delta T (delta T greater than 3 msec), the masking effect may actually increase for the longer, less intense noises despite the fact that, for long maskers, there is less masker energy near the signal in time.
  • (4) Results indicated that the MLD decreased in magnitude as the interaural phase shift of the masker increased.
  • (5) Forward masking, as measured behaviorally, is defined as an increase in a signal's detection threshold resulting from a preceding masker.
  • (6) Thus the overshoot effect was markedly reduced by aspirin because the drug partially counteracted the normally poor detectability for signals presented soon after masker onset.
  • (7) Masker and signal frequencies were the same as for the first experiment.
  • (8) The iso-forward masking contour near the threshold of the masking effect across masker frequencies approximates a fiber's frequency threshold curve (FTC).
  • (9) In part, the small threshold shifts can be attributed to the reduction in response variance following the masker, which is the result of the adaptation of spontaneous activity.
  • (10) Hence, one cannot predict masked threshold from the acoustic spectra of the maskers used here since they differ from their internal representations.
  • (11) The data support a spectrum-analyzer model of detection in which multiband filtering of the input smooths the masker energy in each spectral region to approximate the Gaussian case.
  • (12) Recent investigations of the masking-level difference (MLD) have often involved measurement of the MLD as a function of masker level.
  • (13) The masker with the largest amplitude fluctuations exhibited greater forward-masking ability than other stimuli; this effect was observed on the high-frequency branch and within the tip region of the tuning curve.
  • (14) The 20-ms signal was presented at the onset or at the temporal center of the 400-ms masker.
  • (15) A reaction time paradigm was used to estimate the sensitivity of four subjects to airpuffs without and during continuous vibration (masker) of low (30 Hz) or high (240 Hz) frequency.
  • (16) The data from all three experiments suggest that threshold signal levels in the presence of interaural differences in masker intensity depend principally on the ear with the higher signal-to-masker ratio at the output of its auditory filter, a finding consistent with the power-spectrum model of masking.
  • (17) Because maskers that are decorrelated yield small MLDs, the MLD is likewise small at low masker levels.
  • (18) For large masker separations, r greater than 0.4, no consistent effects of signal phase were observed.
  • (19) The IMD is dominated by the cubic component (2f1-f2) and arises from the interaction of the probe tone and the simultaneous masker.
  • (20) Masker duration was 20 or 400 ms; in the latter case, the signal was presented in one of three temporal positions within the masker.