What's the difference between measle and tapeworm?
Measle
Definition:
(n.) A leper.
(n.) A tapeworm larva. See 2d Measles, 4.
Example Sentences:
(1) By 1978, the reduction in incidence of measles will exceed 90%.
(2) In an effort to identify the optimal dose and strain of measles vaccination for early immunization, Peruvian infants were randomly assigned to receive one of three measles vaccines in varying doses at 5 to 6 or 8 to 9 months of age.
(3) Five potential N-linked glycosylation sites are present in the measles H protein sequence.
(4) From our data, more than 1 X 10(6) antibody molecules must bind to each cell infected with measles virus before complement dependent lysis can occur in a homologous test system.
(5) The results showed that measles virus produced three size classes of plus-sense N-containing RNA species corresponding to monocistronic N RNA, bicistronic NP RNA, and antigenomes.
(6) The relatively high HI titres observed, particularly in adults, imply that antigenic restimulation of antibody against measles occurs and thus that coverage by immunization remains inadequate.
(7) Foremost among the predisposing factors were measles (25%), empyema thoraxis (17%), and unconsciousness (13%).
(8) A resurgence of measles, a highly infectious viral infection, has occurred in the United States.
(9) Unvaccinated children had a mortality hazard ratio of 3.0 compared with vaccinated children (P = .002), indicating a protective efficacy against death of 66% (CI 32%-83%) of measles vaccination.
(10) While measles virus caused extensive damage to nervous tissue, the SSPE strains, in general, exerted a less deleterious effect.
(11) Measles and rubella antibody titres in patients with and without HLA-Dw2 and HLA-B7 antigens were compared using a sensitive radioimmunoassay method.
(12) The reduced anti-M antibody in sera from patients with SSPE was demonstrated whether immune precipitation was performed with wild-type measles virus or SSPE virus proteins.
(13) Ninety per cent of children who had pre-vaccination measles antibodies showed a two-fold or more rise in HI antibodies.
(14) The antibody response to the measles component was marginally better in the older group, but no differences were observed in the response to the mumps and rubella components.
(15) It is suggested that malnourished children in the community or the very young can be safely and effectively vaccinated against measles.
(16) Age at measles contraction was obtained and analyzed for 44 SSPE patients identified in Karachi between 1983 and 1988.
(17) From these libraries, a measles virus specific sequence corresponding to 885 of 1600 nucleotides of the measles virus phosphoprotein gene has been cloned.
(18) Homogeneous IgG bands were separated by preparative agarose electrophoresis and were found to represent measles virus-specific antibodies.
(19) Cross-sectional surveys of the measles immunisation status of resident 6-23-month-old infants were conducted immediately before, immediately after, and approximately 2 months after the campaign in order to determine the effectiveness of a mass campaign in boosting coverage in an area with a high influx rate.
(20) Biopsies from controls did not show evidence of measles virus.
Tapeworm
Definition:
(n.) Any one of numerous species of cestode worms belonging to Taenia and many allied genera. The body is long, flat, and composed of numerous segments or proglottids varying in shape, those toward the end of the body being much larger and longer than the anterior ones, and containing the fully developed sexual organs. The head is small, destitute of a mouth, but furnished with two or more suckers (which vary greatly in shape in different genera), and sometimes, also, with hooks for adhesion to the walls of the intestines of the animals in which they are parasitic. The larvae (see Cysticercus) live in the flesh of various creatures, and when swallowed by another animal of the right species develop into the mature tapeworm in its intestine. See Illustration in Appendix.
Example Sentences:
(1) The plerocercoid stage of the tapeworm Spirometra mansonoides produces a functional analog of human growth hormone (hGH).
(2) The drug of choice against all kinds of tapeworms is Niclosamide.
(3) Untreated control dogs did not shed tapeworms of either species during a 3-day period of posttreatment fecal collections, but did have tapeworms at the time of necropsy.
(4) Hymenolepis nana (von Siebold, 1852), the dwarf tapeworm causing hymenolepiasis, has been reported to be the common intestinal cestode of rodents and man throughout the world.
(5) The anthelmintic effects of anti-tapeworm drugs, bithionol, paromomycin sulphate, flubendazole and mebendazole on immature and mature Hymenolepis nana in mice were compared.
(6) Infection in humans or animals by the common tapeworm of dogs and cats (Dipylidium caninum) requires ingestion of the intermediate host, the dog or cat flea containing the larva (cysticercoids) of the agent.
(7) The diphyllobothriid tapeworms are primarily restricted to the northern Canada.
(8) One hundred and seven 4-quinolinehydrazones were synthesized and tested in vivo against the tapeworm Hymenolepis nana.
(9) When the oncosphere of H. nana undergoes differentiation and development into the mature tapeworm, the infected mouse first produces anti-oncosphere antibody, followed by anti-cysticercoid, anti-adult scolex and finally anti-strobila (other than scolex region) antibodies of IgG, IgM and IgA isotypes as detected by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test.
(10) Factor analysis grouped the variables considered into 5 factors: the first was associated with veterinary assistance; the second with the animal's function and the presence of whipworms, hookworms and tapeworms; the third with cohabitation, origin and presence of coccidia; the fourth with the presence of fresh meat (cooked, raw or frozen) in the diet, age and positivity for ascarids; the fifth with sex and the presence of gastroenteric conditions.
(11) H. citelli was also shown to be expelled simultaneously during the rejection phase of H. diminuta in concurrent infections, indicating the susceptibility of the former tapeworm to the rejection mechanism initiated by the latter.
(12) The cytological structure of the tegument of H. nana corresponds in general to that of other tapeworms.
(13) The development of the tapeworm Khawia sinensis has been observed up to the stage of sexually mature parasites releasing eggs in an experimentally infected definitive host (Cyprinus carpio) at 15-16 degrees C. Juvenile, maturing, adult and gravid tapeworms were found 2-12, 19-24, 36-62, and 78-91 days post infection, respectively.
(14) Antigens of Taenia solium can be demonstrated by ELISA technique in stool samples of tapeworm carriers.
(15) However, immunocytochemically distinct subpopulations of perikarya and regionally defined areas of ectocytoplasm were identified along the tapeworm strobila by the use of monoclonal antibodies raised against a preparation of isolated tegument.
(16) An evaluation of possible predisposing factors provided further evidence of the important role of the tapeworm Anoplocephala perfoliata in initiating intussusception involving the ileum and caecum.
(17) Eggs of a tapeworm, Diphyllobothrium sp (probably D dendriticum), were detected in feces of a healthy, 5-month-old, Siberian Husky.
(18) These results were similar to other studies with different geographic strains of the T. saginata-like tapeworm in the Far East.
(19) The drug was found to be highly toxic to tapeworms.
(20) Mean villus height, crypt depth and the number of 5-HT-positive enterochromaffin (EC) cells have been examined in two regions of the small intestine (20-30% and 60-70% distance from the pylorus) of male, 6 to 8-week-old, C57 mice following a 5-cysticercoid infection of the rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta.