What's the difference between melancholia and melancholian?
Melancholia
Definition:
(n.) A kind of mental unsoundness characterized by extreme depression of spirits, ill-grounded fears, delusions, and brooding over one particular subject or train of ideas.
Example Sentences:
(1) The authors took multiple serum samples for measurement of melatonin between 4:30 p.m. and 7:30 a.m. in seven male depressed patients with melancholia and five healthy male control subjects and found that melancholic patients had a significantly lower rise of melatonin.
(2) The patients were categorized according to DSM-III as suffering from either minor depression (including dysthymic disorder, 300.40; adjustment disorder with depressed mood, 309.00; atypical depression, 296.82) or major depression (without melancholia, 296.X2; with melancholia, 296.X3; with psychotic features, 296.X4).
(3) Von Trier, who took a " vow of silence " after being banned from the Cannes film festival in 2011 after joking about Nazism during a press conference for Melancholia, arrived at Nymphomaniac's photocall wearing a T-shirt emblazoned with the phrase "Persona Non Grata"; true to his word, he failed to attend the subsequent press conference where his actors and producer talked about the film.
(4) This study reports an open clinical trial in which seven of eight outpatients (88%) with melancholia responded to phenelzine treatment.
(5) Speaking at a press conference following the preview of his latest film, Melancholia, von Trier expressed sympathy for Hitler, remarked that Israel was "a pain in the arse" and jokingly confessed to being a Nazi .
(6) With the Extracted Criteria, initial insomnia, early waking, anorexia, weight loss, loss of libido, and worsened mood in the morning were all significantly more common in melancholia than in non-melancholic depression, while increased appetite was more common in non-melancholia.
(7) The first, or maybe, occurrence of the word "melancholia" is found in a French mediaeval book "Knight Yvain" (12th century).
(8) Patients with endogenous depression (melancholia) as defined by each of ICD-9, DSM-III, RDC and Newcastle scale demonstrated a reduced prolactin response to 60 mg oral fenfluramine when compared with non-endogenous subjects.
(9) We performed the DST in 95 depressed inpatients to determine whether abnormal DST results were associated with individual symptoms of depression, latent behavioral "factors," melancholia, or severity of depression.
(10) Neurotic subtyping was significantly negatively associated with DSM-III melancholia.
(11) In this study an evaluation of the inter-rater reliability of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Melancholia Scale and the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale has been carried out.
(12) We also studied a group of depressed patients without melancholia (n = 11) with mean age 65.2 years, and found a similar, but less pronounced, alteration of the FVER.
(13) The Danish director was thrown out of the festival for dim comments made about Hitler at the press conference after his film Melancholia , although the film itself bizarrely remains in with a chance of prizes tonight, with its star Kirsten Dunst having particularly impressed Robert De Niro and his jury, I hear.
(14) This kind of acting is in fact also observed in melancholia, psychoses and prepsychotic states, depressions with jealousy, borderlines and the actors of "accompanied suicides".
(15) Non-suppression was found in most of the diagnostic categories, but there was a highly significant association with the DSM-III classification 'major depressive episode with melancholia' (52%) in comparison with the ICD group 'manic-depressive illness-depressed' (29%).
(16) The DST may be useful as an adjunct to the diagnostic and monitoring process in primary depression with melancholia.
(17) In psychiatry cocaine was used--also on Freud's recommendation--as an euphoriant excitant in cases of melancholia, both physical and psychic exhaustion and of cachexia.
(18) Our findings support the descriptive validity of the DSM-III melancholia diagnostic category, although the DSM-III criteria are too conservative and include nonrelevant symptoms (e.g., diurnal variation, anorexia-weight loss) whilst excluding some important items (e.g., loss of energy, cognitive disorders).
(19) The thyrotropin (TSH) and prolactin (PRL) responses to TRH were studied in 15 female depressed patients with melancholia (nine unipolar, six bipolar) during an electroconvulsive therapeutic course.
(20) Non-suppression of cortisol after dexamethasone was associated with blunted TSH-responses only in melancholia.
Melancholian
Definition:
(n.) A person affected with melancholy; a melancholic.