(n.) A thin layer or fold of tissue, usually supported by a fibrous network, serving to cover or line some part or organ, and often secreting or absorbing certain fluids.
Example Sentences:
(1) Tryptic digestion of the membranes caused complete disappearance of the binding activity, but heat-treatment for 5 min at 70 degrees C caused only 40% loss of activity.
(2) The extents of phospholipid hydrolysis were relatively low in brain homogenates, synaptic plasma membranes and heart ventricular muscle.
(3) The patterns observed were: clusters of granules related to the cell membrane; positive staining localized to portions of the cell membrane, and, less commonly, the whole cell circumference.
(4) Activity of Na,K-ATPase activity was measured as a functional marker for synaptosomal membranes.
(5) The influence of the various concepts for the induction of lateral structure formation in lipid membranes on integral functional units like ionophores is demonstrated by analysing the single channel current fluctuations of gramicidin in bimolecular lipid membranes.
(6) Phospholipid methylation in human EGMs is distinctly different from that in rat EGMs (Hirata and Axelrod 1980) in that the human activity is not Mg++-dependent, and apparent methyltransferase I activity is located in the external membrane surface.
(7) The predicted non-Lorentzian line shapes and widths were found to be in good agreement with experimental results, indicating that the local orientational order (called "packing" by many workers) in the bilayers of small vesicles and in multilamellar membranes is substantially the same.
(8) Apparently, the irradiation with visible light of a low intensity creates an additional proton gradient and thus stimulates a new replication and division cycle in the population of cells whose membranes do not have delta pH necessary for the initiation of these processes.
(9) Using monoclonal antibodies directed against the plasma membrane of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, we demonstrated previously that a glycoprotein with an Mr = 23,000 (gp23) had a non-polarized cell surface distribution and was observed on both the apical and basolateral membranes (Ojakian, G. K., Romain, R. E., and Herz, R. E. (1987) Am.
(10) The fraction of the viral dose which became cell associated was independent of the incubation temperature and increased with increasing target membrane concentration.
(11) Together these results suggest that IVC may operate as a selective activator of calpain both in the cytosol and at the membrane level; in the latter case in synergism with the activation induced by association of the proteinase to the cell membrane.
(12) The Cole-Moore effect, which was found here only under a specific set of conditions, thus may be a special case rather than the general property of the membrane.
(13) We have examined the insertion of bovine 17 alpha-hydroxylase (P45017 alpha) into the endoplasmic reticulum of COS 1 cells to evaluate the functional role of its hydrophobic amino-terminal sequence and membrane insertion.
(14) The transport of potassium ions through membranes of red blood cells was examined in in bitro experiments using a CMF of 4500 oersted.
(15) These membrane perturbation effects not observed with bleomycin-iron in the presence of a hydroxyl radical scavenger, dimethyl thiourea, or a chelating agent, desferrioxamine, were correlated with the ability of the complex to generate highly reactive oxygen species.
(16) Extensive studies during recent years have shown that the interaction between hormone and membrane-bound receptor can affect the receptor characteristics in at least two ways.
(17) Membranes of this material were filled with islets of Langerhans and implanted in the peritoneal cavity of rats.
(18) The penicillin-resistant Enterococcus hirae R40 has a typical profile of membrane-bound penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) except that the 71 kDa PBP5 of low penicillin affinity represents about 50% of all the PBPs present.
(19) To investigate the mechanism of enhanced responsiveness of cholesterol-enriched human platelets, we compared stimulation by surface-membrane-receptor (thrombin) and post-receptor (AlF4-) G-protein-directed pathways.
(20) Moreover, in DCVC-treated cells the mitochondria could not be stained with rhodamine-123, indicating severe mitochondrial damage and loss of membrane potential.
Meninges
Definition:
(n. pl.) The three membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord; the pia mater, dura mater, and arachnoid membrane.
Example Sentences:
(1) A review of campylobacter meningitis by Lee et al in 1985 reported nine cases occurring in neonates, of which only one case was caused by C. fetus.
(2) Such complications as intracerebral haematoma or meningeal haemorrhage may occur during the usually benign course of the disease.
(3) Two patients presented in addition to intestinal manifestations massive extraintestinal symptoms, both with septicemia and meningitis.
(4) The diagnosis of meningeal cyst was confirmed in a non-invasive way by MRI showing a mass with the same signal intensities as CSF on both T1 and T2 weighted images.
(5) Cefuzoname seems to be among the middle ranks of beta-lactam agents as far as penetration rate is concerned; however, when its potent antibacterial activity and broad spectrum are taken into account, the concentrations in CSF in patients with meningitis seem worth examining.
(6) There were no signs of meningeal leukemia, no pathological changes were caused by the intrathecal MTX treatment.
(7) The results demonstrated tumor cells infiltrating the surface meninges and a severe astrocytic reaction associated with oedema in the periventricular and brain stem subpial white matter.
(8) Unexpectedly long retention times were noted for the chlorinated solvents, particularly for chloroforn, which showed a specific long-term retention in the cerebellum, meninges and spinal nerves, indicating interactions with specific nervous tissue receptors.
(9) 96 patients with meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis and Diplococcus pneumoniae were treated with epicillin or ampicillin according to a predesigned randomization chart.
(10) The clinical characteristics and response to therapy of a patient with meningeal sarcoma, one of four patients over a twenty-five year period at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, are described.
(11) Oligoclonal IgG proteins were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during the 2nd week after onset of meningitis or later in 4 out of 10 patients, and could be detected as late as 11 and 12 months after meningitis in 2 patients.
(12) Although intensive care medicine and chemotherapy of bacterial infections have made great progress during the last 30 years, therapeutic efficacy in bacterial meningitis in adult patients could not be improved.
(13) The heads were examined for adult and larval meningeal worms (Parelaphostrongylus tenuis) by physical examination of the brain surfaces, and the Baermann technique, respectively, and for ear mites by examination of ear scrapings.
(14) Staphylococcus epidermidis is a recognized cause of nosocomial meningitis in low-birth-weight infants and frequently occurs without CSF abnormalities.
(15) Although intracranial tuberculoma is uncommon in children, it must be included in the differential diagnosis of all tuberculous meningitis.
(16) The concentrations that were obtained in the CSF were not high enough to justify the exclusive use of fosfomycin in the treatment of meningitis.
(17) Meningitis and meningoencephalitis are common manifestations of infection; solid granulomas occur but are unusual, and intraventricular granulomas are distinctly rare.
(18) Their cases were not compatible with missed meningitis.
(19) Its complications are exceptional (rhinorrhoea, meningitis, orbital trauma), but require a detailed preoperative examination in order to reveal variations in sinus anatomy.
(20) This review examines their use in respiratory tract infections, bacterial meningitis, skin-structure infections, and urinary tract infections in adult patients.