(1) Methamphetamine abuse is increasing and methamphetamine is second only to alcohol as a positive finding in cases submitted to the San Diego Sheriff's Crime Laboratory.
(2) Aggressive behavior was evoked by introducing a group-housed male mouse (intruder) into the home cage of the isolated or nonisolated mouse (resident).d-Amphetamine, methamphetamine, methylphenidate, cocaine, and L-dopa decreased attack and threat behavior by resident mice, the isolates requiring 2--4 times higher drug doses for the antiaggressive effects than the nonisolates, d-Amphetamine, methamphetamine, and methylphenidate caused intruder mice to be more frequently attacked by their non-treated resident opponents, to escape more often, to assume the defensive upright posture less, and to move about more often.
(3) 1-Methyl,1'-hexanoic acid-4,4'-bi-pyridinium, 4-amino-D,L-phenylalanine-diazo-coupled diquat, p-amino-methamphetamine as haptens were synthesized and coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA) directly or to BSA via glutaraldehyde, and an antigen of MT was prepared by binding MT to BSA with the Mannich reaction.
(4) For a decade, relatively little methamphetamine was submitted to street-drug analytical labs.
(5) ), given 15 min before each dose of methamphetamine, totally prevented the methamphetamine-induced loss of tyrosine hydroxylase activity and partly prevented the loss of dopamine.
(6) Effects of dose, route of administration, and sex and strain differences on the metabolism of methamphetamine in vivo were investigated in rats.
(7) After ingesting 3,4-methylene-dioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) and the monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor phenelzine, a 50 year old male developed marked hypertension, diaphoresis, altered mental status, and hypertonicity lasting 5-6 hours.
(8) The method has been applied to the analysis of urine samples from monkeys singly and repeatedly treated with methamphetamine.
(9) After a 7-day abstinence period, a challenge test with methamphetamine alone revealed supersensitivity of methamphetamine-sensitized rats to subsequent methamphetamine, whereas rats pretreated with repeated methamphetamine in combination with BMY 14802 exhibited no difference in the intensity of stereotypy from rats pretreated with repeated saline.
(10) The report by University of New South Wales (UNSW) researchers examined available data on drug-related deaths, hospital admissions, and treatment services, and also found that within methamphetamine related deaths, the drug was the underlying cause in 23%.
(11) The effects of quinidine and cimetidine on methamphetamine-induced stereotyped behavior were studied in rats.
(12) Both the presence of arterial inflammation and increased blood pressure caused by sympathomimetic action of methamphetamine are probably the important factors in the occurrence of intracranial hemorrhage associated with methamphetamine.
(13) Remarkable changes in the circadian activity rhythm of rats were observed when they were chronically treated with methamphetamine dissolved in drinking water.
(14) After grafting, however, DOPAC and HVA restored to control levels and responded to methamphetamine with decreases as was observed in control animals.
(15) Compared with placebo and methamphetamine, diphenhydramine caused subjects no experience geophysical time as passing more slowly, but the drug had no significant effects on the visual search or divided-attention tasks.
(16) The present results suggest that the induction of hypothalamic IL-1 beta mRNA by methamphetamine is mediated by beta-adrenoceptors in the brain.
(17) This study proposes a method capable of separating the pharmacodynamic from the pharmacokinetic component in the methamphetamine (MA) hyperactivity potentiation induced by antidepressants.
(18) The effects of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, MDL72222 and ICS205-930, on cocaine- and methamphetamine-induced place preference were examined.
(19) YM-08050 was more potent than either HPD or CPZ in inhibitory effects on a variety of behaviors such as apomorphine-induced stereotypes behavior and emesis, methamphetamine-induced stereotyped behavior, conditioned avoidance response and open field behavior.
(20) Bilateral injection of CCK-8 (1 microgram per side) into the nucleus caudatus significantly reduced the locomotor hyperactivity induced by methamphetamine.
Stimulant
Definition:
(a.) Serving to stimulate.
(a.) Produced increased vital action in the organism, or in any of its parts.
(n.) That which stimulates, provokes, or excites.
(n.) An agent which produces a temporary increase of vital activity in the organism, or in any of its parts; -- sometimes used without qualification to signify an alcoholic beverage used as a stimulant.
Example Sentences:
(1) Stimulation of human leukocytes with various chemical mediators such as TPA, f-Met-Leu-Phe, LTB4, etc.
(2) The optimal size for stimulation was between 5 degrees and 12 degrees (visual angle).
(3) After stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and calcium ionophore A23187, culture supernatants of clones c18A and c29A showed cytotoxic activity against human melanoma A375 Met-Mix and other cell lines which were resistant to the tumor necrosis factor, lymphotoxin and interleukin 1.
(4) Apparently, the irradiation with visible light of a low intensity creates an additional proton gradient and thus stimulates a new replication and division cycle in the population of cells whose membranes do not have delta pH necessary for the initiation of these processes.
(5) In conclusion, in S-rats a glucose-stimulated insulin release is accompanied by an increase in IBF, but this is not observed in P-rats.
(6) Stimulation is also observed with mixtures of APC expressing DPw3 and APC expressing A1, and likewise, DPw3+ APC become stimulatory when preincubated with supernatants from A1-positive cells.
(7) We have previously shown that serotonin is present in secretory granules of frog adrenochromaffin cells; concurrently, we have demonstrated that serotonin is a potent stimulator of corticosterone and aldosterone secretion by adrenocortical cells.
(8) Cyclic AMP stimulated phosphorylation by [gamma-32P]ATP of two proteins of apparent Mr = 20,000 and 7,000 that were concentrated in sarcoplasmic reticulum, but the stimulation was markedly dependent on the presence of added soluble cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase.
(9) We have investigated a physiological role of endogenous insulin on exocrine pancreatic secretion stimulated by a liquid meal as well as exogenous secretin and cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) in conscious rats.
(10) Whether hen's egg yolk can be used as a sperm motility stimulant in the treatment of such conditions as asthenospermia and oligospermia is subjected for further study.
(11) Some of those drugs are able to stimulate the macrophages, even in an aspecific way, via the gut associated lymphatic tissue (GALT), that is in connection with the bronchial associated lymphatic tissue (BALT).
(12) The results also suggest that the dispersed condition of pigment in the melanophores represents the "resting state" of the melanophores when they are under no stimulation.
(13) dl-Methionine stimulated the synthesis of cephalosporins when added after the growth phase.
(14) Bradykinin also stimulated arachidonic acid release in decidual fibroblasts, an effect which was potentiated in the presence of epidermal growth factor (EGF), but which was not accompanied by an increase in PGF2 alpha production.
(15) Pokeweed mitogen-stimulated rat spleen cells were identified as a reliable source of rat burst-promoting activity (PBA), which permitted development of a reproducible assay for rat bone marrow erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E).
(16) To investigate the mechanism of enhanced responsiveness of cholesterol-enriched human platelets, we compared stimulation by surface-membrane-receptor (thrombin) and post-receptor (AlF4-) G-protein-directed pathways.
(17) Estimates of potential for gastrointestinal side effects using the rat enteropooling assay and in vivo monkey effects indicate that diarrhea will be substantially reduced with retention of uterine stimulating potency.
(18) Because it has been suggested that the lathyrogen, BAPN, may stimulate the release of proteases, the protease inhibitors Trasylol and epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) were given alone or in combination to BAPN-treated rats.
(19) The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that the decreased Epi response following ET was due to 1) depletion of adrenal Epi content such that adrenomedullary stimulation would not release Epi, 2) decreased Epi release with direct stimulation, i.e., desensitization of release, or 3) decreased afferent signals generated by ET itself.
(20) Stimulation of atrial H1-receptors is suggested to directly cause an increase in Ca-channel conductance independent of intracellular cAMP content.