What's the difference between methenyl and residue?
Methenyl
Definition:
(n.) The hypothetical hydrocarbon radical CH, regarded as an essential residue of certain organic compounds.
Example Sentences:
(1) The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of methenyl-H4MPT to formyltetrahydromethanopterin (formyl-H4MPT).
(2) A DNA clone complementary to the messenger RNA encoding the human trifunctional enzyme 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase-5,10-methenyl-tetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase-10-formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase has been isolated from a lambda gt10 library.
(3) The relative configuration of the pterin moiety of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin 1, a coenzyme isolated from methanogenic archaea, has been determined by two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy of N5,N10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin 2 to be rel-(6R; 7S; 11R).
(4) We also measured the activities of another three enzymes of the folic acid cycle, viz., 5,10-methylene-H4folate dehydrogenase, 10-formyl-H4folate synthetase, and 5,10-methenyl-H4folate cyclohydrolase, as well as the enzyme cystathionine beta-synthase.
(5) Evaluation of the reaction equilibrium indicated that the methenyl derivative was favored over 5-formyltetrahydromethanopterin, with a much higher equilibrium constant than for the analogous reaction of tetrahydrofolate derivatives.
(6) Escherichia coli DNA photolyase contains 1,5-dihydro-FAD (FADH2) plus 5,10-methenyl-tetrahydrofolate (5,10-CH+-H4folate).
(7) IR spectrophotometry of the crystals embedded in potassium bromide disc showed specific spectra in the 1400-800 cm-1 wave number range and typical peaks on wave number assigned for hydroxy or amine (3420 cm-1), aromatic hydrogen (3060 cm-1), methyl, methylenic, or methenyl (2960-2860 cm-1), and carbonyl (1715 cm-1) groups can be demonstrated.
(8) The three activities are thus shown to reside in a protein composed of two apparently identical subunits, and the trivial name formyl-methenyl-methylenetetrahydrofolate synthetase(combined) is proposed for this enzyme to suggest the multiple catalytic activities associated with the single protein species.
(9) A method has been devised for the cytochemical demonstration of 5-formyl tetrahydrofolate cyclodehydrase and 5,10-methenyl tetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase activity which uses 5-formyl tetrahydrofolate or 5,10-methenyl tetrahydrofolate as substrate respectively, blocking possible interferences by other enzymes, and allows the nonenzymatic reduction of nitro-blue tetrazolium by 5,10-methenyl tetrahydrofolate formed by the action of the cyclodehydrase on the substrate 5-formyl tetrahydrofolate, and by 10-formyl tetrahydrofolate formed by the action of cyclohydrolase on the substrate 5,10-methenyl tetrahydrofolate, thus revealing intracellular sites of enzyme activity.
(10) In eucaryotes, 10-formyltetrahydrofolate (formyl-THF) synthetase, 5,10-methenyl-THF cyclohydrolase, and NADP(+)-dependent 5,10-methylene-THF dehydrogenase activities are present on a single polypeptide termed C1-THF synthase.
(11) A second enzyme, cyclohydrolase, converts 5,10-methenyl tetrahydrofolate to 10-formyl tetrahydrofolate.
(12) 5,10[14C]methylene H4folate and 5,10[14C]methenyl H4folate also serve as precursors of formic acid in the poison gland, suggesting that they are intermediates in the pathway.
(13) C1-tetrahydrofolate (THF) synthase is a trifunctional protein possessing the activities 10-formyl-THF synthetase, 5,10-methenyl-THF cyclohydrolase, and 5,10-methylene-THF dehydrogenase.
(14) The product of formyl transfer by the purified enzyme was shown by a number of criteria to be 5-formyl-H4MPT, as opposed to 10-formyl-H4MPT or 5,10-methenyl-H4MPT.
(15) When methanogenesis from the non-physiological donors was followed under a nitrogen atmosphere, the C1 moiety from each compound underwent a disproportionation, forming methenyl-H4MPT+ and methane.
(16) The enzyme 5-formyl tetrahydrofolate cyclodehydrase plays an important role in the conversion of 5-formyl tetrahydrofolate to 5,10-methenyl tetrahydrofolate.
(17) Similarly, the nonenzymatic hydrolysis of methenyl-H4MPT is highly dependent on pH and buffer.
(18) Cell extracts of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum possess a methenyl-tetrahydromethanopterin (methenyl-H4MPT) cyclohydrolase.
(19) In eukaryotes, this enzyme is trifunctional and contains the activities of 10-formyl-H4folate synthetase, 5,10-methenyl-H4folate cyclohydrolase, and 5,10-methylene-H4folate dehydrogenase.
(20) The compounds tested served as substrates for the enzymatic synthesis of methenyl-H4MPT+.
Residue
Definition:
(n.) That which remains after a part is taken, separated, removed, or designated; remnant; remainder.
(n.) That part of a testeator's estate wwhich is not disposed of in his will by particular and special legacies and devises, and which remains after payment of debts and legacies.
(n.) That which remains of a molecule after the removal of a portion of its constituents; hence, an atom or group regarded as a portion of a molecule; -- used as nearly equivalent to radical, but in a more general sense.
(n.) Any positive or negative number that differs from a given number by a multiple of a given modulus; thus, if 7 is the modulus, and 9 the given number, the numbers -5, 2, 16, 23, etc., are residues.
Example Sentences:
(1) An automated continuous flow sample cleanup system intended for rapid screening of foods for pesticide residues in fresh and processed vegetables has been developed.
(2) IT can, therefore, be excluded almost with certainty that the meat would contain such large amounts of hormone residues.
(3) The second amino acid residue influences not only the rate of reaction but also the extent of formation of the product of the Amadori rearrangement, the ketoamine.
(4) Amino acid sequence analysis showed that both peaks had identical N-terminal sequences through the first 28 residues.
(5) Arthrotomy with continuous irrigation appears to be more effective in decreasing long-term residual effects than arthrotomy alone.
(6) The pathology resulting from a missense mutation at residue 403 further suggests that a critical function of myosin is disrupted by this mutation.
(7) The mboIIR gene specifies a protein of 416 amino acids (MW: 48,617) while the mboIIM gene codes for a putative 260-residue polypeptide (MW: 30,077).
(8) As a group, the three mammalian proteins resemble bovine serum conglutinin and behave as lectins with rather broad sugar specificities directed at certain non-reducing terminal N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, glucose and fucose residues, but with subtle differences in fine specificities.
(9) We recently demonstrated that functional change in SSI was possible simply by replacing the amino acid residue at the reactive P1 site (methionine 73) of SSI.
(10) Analogues of [Orn6]-SP6-11 have been synthesized in which the Met11 residue is replaced by glutamate gamma-alkylesters.
(11) The Bohr and Root effects are absent, although specific amino acid residues, considered responsible of most of these functions, are conserved in the sequence, thus posing new questions about the molecular basis of these mechanisms.
(12) The deactivated columns had the residual silanols on the silica gel chemically inactivated to reduce the interaction with basic groups or analytes.
(13) These results suggest that photochemical modification of a single residue of aspartate (or asparagine) is largely, if not entirely, responsible for photoinactivation of the enzyme under these conditions.
(14) The seve polypeptide chains investigated had generalyy similar properties; all contained two residues per molecule of tryptophan and N-acetylserine was the common N-terminal amino acid residue.
(15) (4) Despite the removal of the cruciate ligaments and capsulo-ligamentous slide, no significant residual instability was found in either plane.
(16) Urine specimens from patient REE also contained a light chain fragment that lacked the first (amino-terminal) 85 residues of the native light chain but otherwise was identical in sequence to the light chain REE.
(17) Residual cancer was found in the radical prostatectomy specimen in 11 of the 29 stage-A1 patients (38%) and in 66 of the 86 stage-A2 patients (77%).
(18) The presence of a few key residues in the amino-terminal alpha-helix of each ligand is sufficient to confer specificity to the interaction.
(19) This implies that the epitope(s) of NNA-PLA2 might comprise some substituted residues in the sequence of PLA2 homologues.
(20) On the basis of primary sequence homology with other known Pseudomonas lipases, a number of putative active site residues located in conserved areas were found.