What's the difference between methylpyridine and picoline?
Methylpyridine
Definition:
Example Sentences:
(1) Since these products were unstable, they were converted to and identified as 6-methylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid and 2-methylmuconic acid dimethylester, respectively.
(2) This cyclic nitrosamine then decomposes to yield 3-hydroxy-5-methylpyridine.
(3) Five of these lipophilic compounds [2-(3-ethylureido)-pyridine (1), 2-(3-ethylureido)-6-methylpyridine (4), 2,6-bis-(3-ethylureido)-pyridine (7), 2-(3-ethylureido)-5-methylpyridine (14) and 2-(3-ethylureido)-4,5-dimethylpyridine (15)], promoted terminal erythroid maturation of murine erythroleukemia cells (MEL) (95% hemoglobin producing cells) and stimulated hemoglobin synthesis at concentrations as low as 0.075-0.5 mM.
(4) In general, rats treated with 2- and 3-methylpyridine were more affected than those treated with 4-methylpyridine.
(5) 2-Methyl-5-nitronicotinamide (2) was obtained from ethyl 2-methyl-5-nitronicotinate by treatment with ammonia; the 4-methyl analogue 3 was from 3-cyano-2,6-dihydroxy-4 methylpyridine by nitration, chlorination, and dechlorination, and the 6-methyl analogue 4 was prepared by transforming 2-chloro-3-cyano-6-methyl-5-nitropyridine to the corresponding amide, followed by dechlorination.
(6) Replacing pyridine by 2-methylpyridine and 2,6-dimethylpyridine in the reagent complex progressively reduces the sensor response.
(7) The spectral binding constants, Ks, of pyridine, methylpyridine, and dimethylpyridines were determined.
(8) The reaction of the antitumor active agent cis-[Pt(NH3)2(4-mepy)Cl]Cl (4-mepy stands for 4-methylpyridine) with d(GpG) has been investigated by 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
(9) The N-oxidation of pyridine, 3-methylpyridine and 3-chloropyridine was inhibited by SKF525A and DPEA.
(10) As starting materials 4-methylpyridine-2-aldoxime and 2-methylpyridine-4-aldoxime methiodides were prepared which, together with 4-imidazolylethenyl-pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide, were the only substances for which some activity as reactivators of phosphorylated electric eel cholinesterase in vitro could also be found.
(11) In order to clarify mechanisms of nicotinic acid synthesis during microbial transformation of 3-methylpyridine, microbial and spontaneous air oxygen oxidation of 3-pyridinaldehyde to nicotinic acid in the H218O environment was studied.
(12) The appropriate kinetic factors, Km and Vmax for the N-oxidation of pyridine, 3-methylpyridine and 3-chloropyridine are reported.
(13) The C-oxidation of 3-methylpyridine was also inhibited by these compounds.
(14) A heavy isotope-labelled derivative of pyridoxine [dideuteriated pyridoxine; 3-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[hydroxymethyl-2H2]-2-methylpyridine] has been synthesised and is being employed to determine the kinetics of labelling of the body pools of vitamin B6.
(15) Mesoheme IX complexes of sterically hindered ligands 2-methylimidazole, tert-butylamine and 2-methylpyridine in aqueous glycerol solutions are characterized by broad visible absorption spectra at ambient temperature exhibiting close similarities to high-spin ferrous hemeproteins.
(16) Complexes containing chelating and saturated amine ligands (A), as well as two trans isomers of active cis analogues (trans-[Pt(NH3)2(Am)Cl]+, where Am = N1-pyridine or N1-4-methylpyridine), were inactive in the S180a screen.
(17) alpha-Picolinate and 2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine are not metabolized, indicating that degradation is neither initiated by methyl oxidation nor by hydroxylation in the 6-position of pyridine ring.
(18) Methyl trifluoromethanesulfonate-promoted glycosylation of 1,3-diazido-2-O-benzyl-1,3-dideoxy-5,6-O-isopropylidene-D-gulit ol with 19 in the presence of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylpyridine gave 1,3-diazido-4-O-(4-azido-2,3-di-O-benzyl-4-deoxy-6-O-propionyl-alp ha-D- glucopyranosyl)-2-O-benzyl-1,3-dideoxy-5,6-O-isopropylidene-D-gulitol (42), whereas, in the absence of base, migration of the O-isopropylidene group occurred, affording 1,3-diazido-6-O-(4-azido-2,3-di-O-benzyl-4-deoxy-6-O-propionyl-alp ha-D- glucopyranosyl)-2-O-benzyl-1,3-dideoxy-4,5-O-isopropylidene-D-gulitol in addition to 42.
(19) Reaction b also is enhanced when the poorly utilized analogues, 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-5-carboxylic acid or NADH, replace 5-pyridoxic acid or NADPH, respectively, as substrates in Reaction a.
(20) A 3-(6-methylpyridine) histamine H2-antagonist was shown to be a slightly more potent inhibitor of ethinamate metabolism than cimetidine in rats.
Picoline
Definition:
(n.) Any one of three isometric bases (C6H7N) related to pyridine, and obtained from bone oil, acrolein ammonia, and coal-tar naphtha, as colorless mobile liquids of strong odor; -- called also methyl pyridine.
Example Sentences:
(1) Inasmuch as we have previously demonstrated that the activation of cytotoxic M phi correlates with specific changes in ribosomal RNA (rRNA), we investigated whether picolinic acid could modify M phi RNA metabolism.
(2) beta-Phenethyl alcohol, fluoroacetic acid, and 2-picolinic acid inhibited anaerobic sporogenesis almost completely, butyrate biosynthesis by >87%, and acetate accumulation by 50 to 62%, showing a direct relationship between butyric type of fermentation and anaerobic sporulation.
(3) The effects of picolinic acid derivatives on blood pressure and norepinephrine levels in the heart were more remarkable in a stressed state than in a resting state.
(4) The binding rate constants of picolinate and nicotinate in the cationic form for the reduced enzyme were quite similar to each other, but the dissociation rate constant of picolinate is several times smaller than that of nicotinate.
(5) When co-injected into the nbM with a neurotoxic dose of kainic, ibotenic or quisqualic acid which produced a neurotoxic response comparable to that of QUIN, picolinic acid attenuated kainic acid-induced neurotoxicity, but not ibotenate or quisqualate neurotoxicity.
(6) Synthesis of new bis(1-methylpyridinium) compounds containing a 1,4-diacetylbenzene linkage between the pyridinium moieties from commercially available 2-, 3-, and 4-picoline precursors was accomplished via metallation, reaction of the picolyllithium with 1,4-dicyanobenzene, and subsequent quaternization of the resulting bispyridyl compounds.
(7) In picolinate experiments, the staining of nbM neurons by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemistry was also examined.
(8) Neither quinolinic acid, a neurotoxin, nor its monocarboxylic analogue, picolinic acid, auto-oxidized over a wide pH range.
(9) Liver nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.11) activity was also observed to decrease with moderate diet restriction and did not further change when the restriction was severe while picolinate carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.45) activity increased significantly only in severe diet restriction.
(10) The trans isomer also yields some picolinate as an identifiable product.
(11) The ability of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and cholera toxin to increase cyclic AMP levels is potentiated 6-fold when normal rat kidney (NRK) cells are treated with picolinic acid or histidinol, or grown in isoleucine-deficient medium.
(12) Twenty weanling pigs and fourteen 9-wk-old broiler chickens were used in three continuous-flow in vitro perfusion experiments using noneverted intestinal sacs to 1) determine differences in 65Zn absorption due to location within the intestinal tract, 2) evaluate 65Zn uptake from ZnCl2 and Zn-methionine (ZnMet) with or without added picolinic acid (PA) in pig intestinal sacs and 3) evaluate 65Zn uptake from ZnCl2 and ZnMet in chicken intestinal sacs.
(13) In a third experiment picolinic acid was introduced for 3 d into the diet of rats prelabeled with 65Zn.
(14) The effect of picolinic acid (pyridine-2-carboxylic acid) on the efflux of divalent metal ions from multilamellar liposomes was examined to determine the possible specificity and mechanism for its reported beneficial effects on the intestinal absorption and systemic metabolism of zinc.
(15) In a partition study, picolinic acid increased the aqueous solubility of Zn, Cu, Co and Cd at alkaline pH, but did not transfer the metal to an organic bulk phase of chloroform.
(16) The order of effectiveness against QUIN was kynurenic greater than picolinic greater than quinalidic or anthranilic acid.
(17) cis-Lysene yields alpha-picolinate as a detectable accumulating product, presumably from cyclization of initial 6-aldehyde to dihydropicolinate and spontaneous autoxidation.
(18) The effect was specific for chromium picolinate since neither zinc picolinate nor any of the other forms of chromium tested was effective.
(19) The oxidation of tryptophan to CO2 and metabolites of the glutarate pathway increased 4-5-fold, consistent with an increase in picolinate carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.45) activity.
(20) The action of iron salts and chelators is specific for transferrin receptors, since the expression of other membrane markers of activated human T-lymphocytes (interleukin-2 receptor, insulin receptor, and HLA-DR antigen) is not modified by treatment with iron or picolinic acid.