(n.) The process of mineralizing, or forming a mineral by combination of a metal with another element; also, the process of converting into a mineral, as a bone or a plant.
(n.) The act of impregnating with a mineral, as water.
(n.) The conversion of a cell wall into a material of a stony nature.
Example Sentences:
(1) It is suggested that the Japanese may have lower trabecular bone mineral density than Caucasians but may also have a lower threshold for fracture of the vertebrae.
(2) The absorption of ingested Pb is modified by its chemical and physical form, by interaction with dietary minerals and lipids and by the nutritional status of the individual.
(3) There will be no statutory inquiry or independent review into the notorious clash between police and miners at Orgreave on 18 June 1984 , the home secretary, Amber Rudd, has announced.
(4) There was however no difference in the cross-sectional studies and no significant deleterious effect detected of tobacco use on forearm bone mineral content.
(5) From these results, it was suggested that the inhibitory effect of Cd on in vitro calcification of MC3T3-E1 cells may be due to both a depression of cell-mediated calcification and a decrease in physiochemical mineral deposition.
(6) The effect of dietary fibre digestion in the human gut on its ability to alter bowel habit and impair mineral absorption has been investigated using the technique of metablic balance.
(7) The greatest advantages of spinal QCT for noninvasive bone mineral measurement lie in the high precision of the technique, the high sensitivity of the vertebral trabecular measurement site, and the potential for widespread application.
(8) The model has been used to evaluate mineral changes from the use of fluoride dentifrices and rinses, chewing gum, and food sequencing.
(9) These data indicate improved bone mineralization as compared with previously reported data from very-low-birth-weight neonates.
(10) Gladstone's speech was not made in Parliament, but to a crowd of landless agricultural workers and miners in Scotland's central belt, Gove pointed out.
(11) Artificially produced mineral waters which are identical to natural ones are also applied.
(12) The method of mineral estimation using phalanges is described and its reproducibility was tested on 17 parameters.
(13) Secondary structural features of bovine amelogenin, a hydrophobic protein of developing enamel implicated in ename mineralization, are derived using 2D NMR spectroscopy in solution and molecular mechanics-dynamics studies.
(14) Reduced mineral absorption is fairly well documented and has sound theoretical support from basic chemistry.
(15) Microbiological analyses of sediments located near a point source for petrogenic chemicals resulted in the isolation of a pyrene-mineralizing bacterium.
(16) Years of education completed and poverty status did not significantly affect folate concentrations; however, the prevalence of low folate concentrations among users of vitamin or mineral supplements was significantly lower than it was among nonusers in selected subgroups.
(17) Unsupplemented human breast milk may not provide sufficient calcium and phosphorus for the rapidly growing preterm infant to match the accumulation that should have taken place in utero and to permit normal bone mineralization.
(18) In some areas of the ligament, extracellular plasma membrane-invested matrix vesicles and thick wall-bound matrix giant bodies with or without mineralized deposits were present.
(19) My grandfather was a coal miner and Nana was rather plump and bossy.
(20) These diets were: diet C consisting of commercial Rat Chow: diet CG, the same diet diluted with 70% glucose calories, diet A, a simulated "American" diet made up of 25 widely used foods, diet AS, the same diet supplemented with small amounts of 25 vitamins and minerals.
Osteomalacia
Definition:
(n.) A disease of the bones, in which they lose their earthy material, and become soft, flexible, and distorted. Also called malacia.
Example Sentences:
(1) When in addition the serum P is low (which was a feature of male patients), the danger exists for osteomalacia to develop.
(2) Osteomalacia is characterized by large osteoid seams and a preserved volume of bone trabeculae.
(3) Chronic ingestion of certain drugs can lead to osteomalacia and hypocalcemia by potentiating the metabolism of vitamin D to inactive compounds.
(4) Whereas markedly high values of 1, 25-(OH)2D in plasma were found in some cases of primary hyperparathyroidism with prominent bone resorption, relatively low values were seen in some patients with chronic renal failure, senile osteoporosis, osteomalacia and hypercalcemia due to bone metastasis.
(5) The growth plates did not increase in width despite the presence of osteomalacia and histologic evidence of extensive deposition of aluminum in bone.
(6) A follow-up biopsy examined after 12 months of therapy showed almost complete healing of osteomalacia and normal mineralization.
(7) The fractures, which appeared on roentgenograms as transverse radiolucent zones with variable callus formation, healed slowly or not at all despite treatment with calcium and vitamin D. They resembled pseudofractures (Looser's transformation zones) radiologically, but the biochemical and histologic findings were those of idiopathic osteoporosis rather than osteomalacia.
(8) A third had intestinal malabsorption, 20 had features of osteomalacia, and 87 were iron deficient.
(9) Treatment will depend on the predominant bone lesions: secondary hyperparathyroidism or osteomalacia.
(10) The various abnormalities occurred alone or in combination with one another and, to a large extent, independently of serum biochemistry.Radiological examination failed to diagnose the histological abnormality in 12 of 13 patients with osteomalacia and in 10 of 25 patients with osteitis fibrosa.
(11) The serum bio-PTH assay was useful in identifying patients with osteomalacia, low turnover bone disease, or aluminum accumulation.
(12) Thus, fractures in patients with renal failure and accumulation of aluminum may result not only from osteomalacia but also from osteopenia.
(13) Osteomalacia due to impaired liver hydroxylation of vitamin D can hardly explain the increased fracture rate and the decreased bone mass, which have been described in alcoholics.
(14) Bone biopsies (n = 3) showed a normal mineralization and the disappearance of the osteomalacia.
(15) The secondary hyperparathyroidism followed by uremic renal osteodystrophy did not result in an osteomalacia.
(16) It was shown that the serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol level and the skeletal radiograph were the most valuable in the early detection of osteomalacia.
(17) Elevated levels persisted for six to twelve weeks after fracture, the major influence upon the level at this time being the maximum value achieved rather than the presence of osteomalacia.
(18) Pre-treatment biopsies showed signs of osteomalacia and hyperparathyroidism.
(19) We conclude that in patients with osteomalacia, a condition which is characterized by an increased osteoid accumulation due to a decreased mineralization rate, the increased level of serum osteocalcin reflects the increased osteoid synthesis but not the mineralization defect.
(20) In addition, they point out the subtle ways in which less commonly encountered metabolic bone diseases, such as osteomalacia, hyperparathyroidism, and Paget's disease, might come to the attention of the orthopedist.