(1) MAF-G activity was inhibited by mitomycin C and colchicine, which inhibit DNA synthesis and mitosis, respectively, but not by 2-deoxy-D-glucose, an inhibitor of glucose metabolism.
(2) With the stimulated liver being irradiated, the number of cells synthetizing DNA and entering into mitosis was seen reduced almost twice, whereas DNA synthesis and entering into mitosis were delayed, resp., by 4 and 6 hours.
(3) The distribution of cells at the stage of DNA synthesis and mitosis in all the parietal peritoneum speaks of the absence of special proliferation zones.
(4) Isoproterenol [IC 50 approximately 1 X 10(-9) M], prostaglandins, dibutyryl cyclic AMP [IC 50 approximately 2 X 10(-5) M], papaverine, theophylline and 5' AMP were inhibitory in the assay, whereas dibutyryl cyclic GMP and the cholinergic stimulator carbamylcholine either stimulated or had no effect on mitosis.
(5) Despite severe defects in the 1st or 2nd meiotic spindles in all mutants, no effect on mitosis was observed.
(6) Since transcription does not take place during mitosis, the amount of protooncogene products is rapidly decreased (they are extremely unstable).
(7) The role played by macrophages in two effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the immune system of the mouse-substitution for helper T cells and induction of B-cell mitosis-has been investigated.
(8) The results obtained allow to conclude that heterophasic condition of the fused cells is one of the causes of pathological mitosis of polykaryons and of their death.
(9) The effect of intracerebroventricular injection of the mitosis inhibitor colchicine on expression of mRNA for nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin 3 was studied in the rat brain with in situ hybridization.
(10) The major events of mitosis have traditionally been considered to represent two distinct pathways and have been studied by two separate groups of workers.
(11) The V79 cells were treated for 30 min and in general, loss of a stainable spindle could be demonstrated at slightly higher concentrations than c-mitosis.
(12) However, unlike animal cell calmodulin, endosperm calmodulin appears to associate with kinetochore microtubules throughout mitosis, which suggests a specialized role for higher plant calmodulin in the regulation of kinetochore microtubule dynamics.
(13) This finding is directly opposed to that in rat skin where mitosis is stimulated.
(14) The restriction enzymes were introduced by electroporation into exponentially growing cells during the second replication cycle in bromodeoxyuridine, and SCEs were analyzed at mitosis.
(15) The absence of these mRNAs in mitosis and their disappearance at 4 hr and later in meiosis suggest that the rec7 and rec8 gene products may be involved primarily in the early steps of meiotic recombination in S. pombe.
(16) The distribution of bone marrow cells within the cell cycle was determined by flow microfluorometry and 7 hours after treatment with vincristine consisted of 69% in G1, 21% in S, and 9% in mitosis.
(17) In contrast, in HeLa, a human epithelial cell, keratin-containing IFB appear to dissemble as cells enter mitosis (Franke, W. W., E. Schmid, C. Grund, and B. Geiger, 1982, Cell, 30:103-113).
(18) After administration of vinblastine, a drug blocking mitosis in metaphasis, the percentage of lymphoblasts decreases whereas the percentage of X cells increases.
(19) The ultrastructure study, done before the 19th week ("pretumor" phase) confirms some previous observations (increase in the zone of mitosis, secretory changes, mutation producing effects).
(20) Still, they gave valuable information in relation to environmental screening; thus, the finding of c-mitosis may indicate risks of aneuploidy.
Sporogenesis
Definition:
(n.) reproduction by spores.
Example Sentences:
(1) beta-Phenethyl alcohol, fluoroacetic acid, and 2-picolinic acid inhibited anaerobic sporogenesis almost completely, butyrate biosynthesis by >87%, and acetate accumulation by 50 to 62%, showing a direct relationship between butyric type of fermentation and anaerobic sporulation.
(2) Spores of Bacillus megaterium QM B1551 germinated, elongated, and resporulated (microcycle sporogenesis) in simple chemically defined media which permitted no cell division.
(3) Wall ultrastructure and sporogenesis were studied in plasmodia of Henneguya adiposa Minchew which infects the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque).
(4) The resulting transformants appear normal for cytokinesis, and also are fully competent for sporogenesis, confirming that reintroduction of the myosin gene is sufficient to restore these properties.
(5) These data, accounting for 70 to 75% of the initial radioactivity, confirmed the hypothesis that the major role of acetate, and subsequently of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate, in sporulation of B. cereus T is to provide carbon precursors and energy for sporogenesis.
(6) Microcycle sporogenesis induced in Bacillus cereus T by phosphate limitation occurs over a narrow range of phosphate to spore inoculum ratios.
(7) The study of the antibiotic effect on bacterial sporogenesis showed negative results which are discussed in the paper along two directions: (1) the antibiotics did not probably participate in regulation of the bacteria cell differentiation, (2) the antibiotics regulated the bacterial sporogenesis though their effect was not as yet detected because of methodical difficulties.
(8) Most of the information about the ultrastructural changes accompanying the sporogenesis refer to the first stage of the process, but nothing has been published about the evolution of the sporulation septum during maturation.
(9) Differences in the effect of the same sugars on the formation of spores by these microorganisms and clearly expressed sporogenesis-inhibiting effect of glucose (and also of lactose in clostridia) have been demonstrated.
(10) Sporogenesis is initiated by the envelopment of one vegetative cell by another.
(11) Although under some conditions the sporogenesis and the synthesis of S-variant toxin began two hours earlier than these processes in R-variant cells which were observed, respectively, after 10 or 12 hours from the beginning of the experiment, the intensities of sporogenesis and toxin production as well as the exit of spores and toxin excretion from cells were similar after 24 hours.
(12) According to this hypothesis, either the lysS1 enzyme is altered during sporogenesis or some physiological or structural aspect of this developmental phase can stabilize the mutant phenotype and thereby rescue cells from thermal death.
(13) At periods in spore outgrowth and sporogenesis these cells become refractory to thermal death.
(14) Acetate and a small amount of a tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate were the minimal organic metabolic requirements for microcycle sporogenesis.
(15) Two anther cDNA libraries were constructed, one from anthers of 1.2-1.8 mm long buds (sporogenesis library) and one from anthers of 1.8-4.0 mm long buds (microspore development library).
(16) Sporogenesis by the biphasic system was more rapid, convenient, and economical, and yielded as many or more heat-resistant (80 C, 10 min) spores per milliliter as by the conventional technique.
(17) Ultrathin sections were prepared from cultures of Bacillus megaterium QM B1551 undergoing microcycle sporogenesis (initial spore to primary cell to second-stage spore without intervening cell division) on a chemically defined medium.
(18) Sporogenesis was asynchronous with simple unicellular stages adjacent to more complex forms with developing polar capsules and valves.
(19) It was suggested that bacitracin and the serine proteases were not specific regulators of sporogenesis in B. licheniformis and their biological function under the natural conditions included, respectively, the antibiotic action and hydrolysis of proteins and peptides of the environment and cells.
(20) The onset of sporogenesis was always accompanied by a new accumulation of glycogen in sporulating hyphae.