(1) The four hosts (Mollusc -- Crustacean -- Odonat -- Amphibian) are obligatory in the life cycle for it is impossible to infect the Insects directly with the cecariae or the frog (tadpoles as well as adults) with the mesocercariae.
(2) A newly developed method of internal dialysis was applied together with the voltage clamp method to the isolated neurons of molluscs Helix pomatia and Limnea stagnalis.
(3) We have demonstrated that M. edulis, a marine bivalve mollusc, reacts to the vertebrate monokines interleukin-1, -6 and TNF.
(4) On the other hand, the major arsenic compound in fish, crustacea and molluscs has been identified as arsenobetaine, which is an arseno-analog of glycinebetaine, a very common osmo-regulator in living organisms.
(5) The microsporidia are a group of unusual, obligately parasitic protists that infect a great variety of other eukaryotes, including vertebrates, arthropods, molluscs, annelids, nematodes, cnidaria and even various ciliates, myxosporidia and gregarines.
(6) Natural crystals of ferritin occurring in the yolk platelets of a mollusc oocyte were studied.
(7) Sensory neurons of the photic pathway in the nudibranch mollusc Hermissenda crassicornis are cholinergic and the synaptic interactions between the photic and vestibular systems have been well characterized electrophysiologically.
(8) Whatever the type of TM-NTM association (lasting association, during prepatent period and production period, association only during the exposure of the molluscs to the miracidia), the presence of NTM involved a significant increase of S. mansoni cercarial production.
(9) It was demonstrated earlier that PAF-positive cells located in the gut epithelium of the same molluscs show immunostaining with mammalian anti-insulin serum which indicates the production of insulin or insulin-like substance.
(10) The fluorescent dye 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (5-CF) travels quickly up the nerves of the gastropod mollusc, Lymnaea stagnalis into the buccal ganglia and fills the cell bodies in 1-3 h. 5-CF filled neurones can be located in the intact ganglia with low intensity blue light.
(11) Recently, such a developmental strategy has been used to investigate the functional assembly of different forms of non-associative learning (habituation, dishabituation and sensitization) in the marine mollusc Aplysia.
(12) Habituation, one of the simplest behavioral paradigms for studying memory, has recently been examined on the cellular level in the gill-withdrawal reflex in the mollusc Aplysia and in the escape response in cray-fish.
(13) The anti-G beta, gamma antibodies recognized a 35-36-kDa protein in brain of vertebrates such as mammals (rat), avians (pigeon), amphibians (frog), fish (trout), and reptiles (turtle) but not in the invertebrates such as molluscs (snail) and insects (locust).
(14) We have studied the effects of dopamine on the gill withdrawal reflex evoked by tactile siphon stimulation in the margine mollusc Aplysia.
(15) It seems that most mollusc infections occur in February-March and at the end of summer-beginning of autumn periods.
(16) The development of microparticulate food particles for marine suspension-feeders is discussed with respect to the difficulties of nutrient delivery in the aquatic environment and to feeding and digestion in crustacea and bivalve molluscs.
(17) The structure and function of the digestive gland of the gastropod mollusc, Bithynia tentaculata, was investigated using ultrastructural, histochemical, and cytochemical techniques.
(18) The bag cells of the marine mollusc Aplysia are well-characterized neuroendocrine cells that initiate egg laying, but the natural stimulus triggering bag-cell activity has not been determined.
(19) Immunochemically, the major common epitope expressed by the neutral fraction glycolipids of the 3 taeniid species is the same or very similar to the glycosphingolipid, neogalatriaosyl ceramide derived from the marine mollusc Turbo cornutus (Gal(beta 1-6) Gal(beta 1-6) Gal(beta 1-1)Cer).
(20) Pharmacologic activation of endogenous protein kinase C (PKC) together with elevation of the intracellular Ca2+ level was previously shown to cause reduction of two voltage-dependent K+ currents (IA and ICa2+-K+) across the soma membrane of the type B photoreceptor within the eye of the mollusc Hermissenda crassicornis.
Mollusk
Definition:
(n.) One of the Mollusca.
Example Sentences:
(1) A significant proportion of the soluble protein of the organic matrix of mollusk shells is composed of a repeating sequence of aspartic acid separated by either glycine or serine.
(2) Low concentrations of cercaricides are toxic both for cercariae and parthenites from the liver of mollusks and for freely swimming cercariae.
(3) The neuroendocrine bag cell neurons of the marine mollusk Aplysia produce prolonged inhibition that lasts for more than 2 hr.
(4) Changes in the membrane properties of the oocyte of the mollusk, Patella vulgata, were analyzed following the induction of meiosis reinitiation by paleopedial ganglia extract or by the weak base ammonia.
(5) Fossil glycoproteins of the soluble organic matrix are present in an 80-million-year-old mollusk shell from the Late Cretaceous Period.
(6) 12-Hydroperoxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-HPETE), a lipoxygenase product, simulates the synaptic responses produced by the modulatory transmitter, histamine, and the neuroactive peptide, Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-amide (FMRFamide), in identified neurons of the marine mollusk, Aplysia californica (Piomelli, D., Shapiro, E., Feinmark, S. J., and Schwartz, J. H. (1987) J. Neurosci.
(7) A number of observations, as listed below, suggested a cholinergic basis for inhibitory interactions between photoreceptors of the eye in the nudibranch mollusk Hermissenda crassicornis.
(8) Some vital functions of mollusks (nutrition, oviposition, and support substratum) are closely related to vegetation.
(9) Localization of catecholamines in the nervous system of 12 species of Trematodes parthenitae from marine mollusks has been studied using the method of glyoxilic acid-induced fluorescence.
(10) We tested this idea using the simple nervous system of the marine mollusk, Aplysia californica.
(11) Attempts to introduce infectious or foreign material into oysters and other bivalve mollusks usually involve force or trauma because of immediate, prolonged adduction of the tightly closing valves.
(12) Chromatin organization in the sperm of the bivalve mollusks results from the interaction between a discrete number of protamine-like proteins (PL) and DNA.
(13) Psilotrema simillimum has one intermediate host, the mollusk Bithynia leachi.
(14) Appropriate preparation of food, control of mollusks and planarians, and elimination of rodents are important measures in limiting the further spread of eosinophilic meningitis caused by A. cantonensis.
(15) were found in the land mollusks Bradybaena duplocincta and Jaminia potaniniana asiatica collected on the slopes of Tien-Shan.
(16) Diagnosis of neoplasia in the living mollusk was achieved rapidly and accurately by cytologic examination of circulating blood.
(17) The small hydrotechnique objects, such as irrigation and drainage systems, fish cultivating ponds, isolate and cascade artificial water reservoirs, channels considerably change the ecological conditions of mollusks of the genus Codiella, the first intermediate host of Opisthorchis felineus.
(18) The control measures consisted of the prohibition of the harvest and sale of all bivalve mollusks as well as a public warning to avoid the consumption of such shellfish.
(19) It is expedient to use mollusks, both for testing of N-nitroso compounds and as a biologic indicator of hydrospheric pollution.
(20) Octopamine may have functions of its own in the central nervous system of mollusks.