(1) The four hosts (Mollusc -- Crustacean -- Odonat -- Amphibian) are obligatory in the life cycle for it is impossible to infect the Insects directly with the cecariae or the frog (tadpoles as well as adults) with the mesocercariae.
(2) A newly developed method of internal dialysis was applied together with the voltage clamp method to the isolated neurons of molluscs Helix pomatia and Limnea stagnalis.
(3) We have demonstrated that M. edulis, a marine bivalve mollusc, reacts to the vertebrate monokines interleukin-1, -6 and TNF.
(4) On the other hand, the major arsenic compound in fish, crustacea and molluscs has been identified as arsenobetaine, which is an arseno-analog of glycinebetaine, a very common osmo-regulator in living organisms.
(5) The microsporidia are a group of unusual, obligately parasitic protists that infect a great variety of other eukaryotes, including vertebrates, arthropods, molluscs, annelids, nematodes, cnidaria and even various ciliates, myxosporidia and gregarines.
(6) Natural crystals of ferritin occurring in the yolk platelets of a mollusc oocyte were studied.
(7) Sensory neurons of the photic pathway in the nudibranch mollusc Hermissenda crassicornis are cholinergic and the synaptic interactions between the photic and vestibular systems have been well characterized electrophysiologically.
(8) Whatever the type of TM-NTM association (lasting association, during prepatent period and production period, association only during the exposure of the molluscs to the miracidia), the presence of NTM involved a significant increase of S. mansoni cercarial production.
(9) It was demonstrated earlier that PAF-positive cells located in the gut epithelium of the same molluscs show immunostaining with mammalian anti-insulin serum which indicates the production of insulin or insulin-like substance.
(10) The fluorescent dye 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (5-CF) travels quickly up the nerves of the gastropod mollusc, Lymnaea stagnalis into the buccal ganglia and fills the cell bodies in 1-3 h. 5-CF filled neurones can be located in the intact ganglia with low intensity blue light.
(11) Recently, such a developmental strategy has been used to investigate the functional assembly of different forms of non-associative learning (habituation, dishabituation and sensitization) in the marine mollusc Aplysia.
(12) Habituation, one of the simplest behavioral paradigms for studying memory, has recently been examined on the cellular level in the gill-withdrawal reflex in the mollusc Aplysia and in the escape response in cray-fish.
(13) The anti-G beta, gamma antibodies recognized a 35-36-kDa protein in brain of vertebrates such as mammals (rat), avians (pigeon), amphibians (frog), fish (trout), and reptiles (turtle) but not in the invertebrates such as molluscs (snail) and insects (locust).
(14) We have studied the effects of dopamine on the gill withdrawal reflex evoked by tactile siphon stimulation in the margine mollusc Aplysia.
(15) It seems that most mollusc infections occur in February-March and at the end of summer-beginning of autumn periods.
(16) The development of microparticulate food particles for marine suspension-feeders is discussed with respect to the difficulties of nutrient delivery in the aquatic environment and to feeding and digestion in crustacea and bivalve molluscs.
(17) The structure and function of the digestive gland of the gastropod mollusc, Bithynia tentaculata, was investigated using ultrastructural, histochemical, and cytochemical techniques.
(18) The bag cells of the marine mollusc Aplysia are well-characterized neuroendocrine cells that initiate egg laying, but the natural stimulus triggering bag-cell activity has not been determined.
(19) Immunochemically, the major common epitope expressed by the neutral fraction glycolipids of the 3 taeniid species is the same or very similar to the glycosphingolipid, neogalatriaosyl ceramide derived from the marine mollusc Turbo cornutus (Gal(beta 1-6) Gal(beta 1-6) Gal(beta 1-1)Cer).
(20) Pharmacologic activation of endogenous protein kinase C (PKC) together with elevation of the intracellular Ca2+ level was previously shown to cause reduction of two voltage-dependent K+ currents (IA and ICa2+-K+) across the soma membrane of the type B photoreceptor within the eye of the mollusc Hermissenda crassicornis.
Pedicle
Definition:
(n.) Same as Pedicel.
Example Sentences:
(1) 14 patients with painful neuroma, skin hyperesthesia or neuralgic rest pain were followed up (mean 20 months) after excision of skin and scar, neurolysis and coverage with pedicled or free flaps.
(2) But, we found that the Roux-Y type bypass operation using the pedicled jejumun was a safe and uninvasive procedure for a patient with high risk.
(3) Previous work has shown that corticocancellous bone chips placed in a titanium chamber with an arteriovenous vascular pedicle will result in a pre-formed vascularized bone graft.
(4) Our results show that stenosis of about one-third of the original external diameter of the artery and vein of the pedicle in our model did not have any significant influence on the survival of the flap and ligation of the femoral artery distal to the branch to the flap did not produce any statistical difference in the viability of the flap.
(5) The labia minora as a pedicle graft avoids the problems encountered by conventional methods.
(6) The general tendency of gradual CBF reduction from the pedicle to the distal end of all the flaps was observed.
(7) Congenital defect of a cervical pedicle produces a rare clinical syndrome with a characteristic X-ray picture associated with vague clinical signs often accentuated after trauma.
(8) The difference from the Hughes flap is that the blood supply is maintained through two tubed pedicles of conjunctiva and Muller's muscle, rather than an apron of conjunctiva.
(9) The pedicle screw systems were always the most rigid.
(10) The ability to transfer comparable local skin can be enhanced by the use of the subcutaneous island pedicle flap.
(11) Anterior transposition of the cervical pedicles and fixation of the myometrium to the anterior vagina ensure that the fitting is solid and in the correct direction.
(12) Within a few weeks sufficient neovascularisation developed to support free transfer of the flaps based on the implanted vein graft pedicle.
(13) Eleven cases are reported of island flaps containing only venous pedicles.
(14) While our experience with this technique is limited, it would appear that the neuromuscular pedicle transfer may play a useful adjunctive role in reanimation of the face in selective cases of facial paralysis.
(15) The injured vertebra is grafted through the pedicle, giving security against late collapse after device removal.
(16) When used as a vascular island flap, either a distal pedicle or a proximal pedicle can be used.
(17) A Spinal Pedicle Finder (S.P.F) has been designed for transpedicular screws and a prototype has been completed.
(18) Biopsy specimens from 38 "de-epithelized" dermal pedicles were examined microscopically.
(19) Five male cadavers were used to evaluate anatomically structures at risk using sacral pedicle screw fixation.
(20) Accordingly, in this group, thoracic tracheal defects were reconstructed by this combined Marlex mesh and pedicled muscle flap.