(n.) A viscid fluid secreted by mucous membranes, which it serves to moisten and protect. It covers the lining membranes of all the cavities which open externally, such as those of the mouth, nose, lungs, intestinal canal, urinary passages, etc.
(n.) Any other animal fluid of a viscid quality, as the synovial fluid, which lubricates the cavities of the joints; -- improperly so used.
(n.) A gelatinous or slimy substance found in certain algae and other plants.
Example Sentences:
(1) Peptidoglycan of MRSA grown in the presence of cefazolin was susceptible to lysis by respiratory mucus.
(2) To develop a new immunobead binding test (IBT) procedure that will detect sperm antibody in cervical mucus (CM), especially in very small samples of mucus.
(3) The marine vibrio alone is a powerful stimulus to mucus secretion but lethal for the host.
(4) The treatment led to decreased spinnbarkeit, arborization and sperum penetration in the cervical mucus.
(5) Although no anatomical 'barrier' has been described, it has been suggested that the gel mucus and epithelial phospholipids are constituents.
(6) This hydrostatic pressure may well be the driving force for creating channels for acid and pepsin to cross the mucus layer covering the mucosal surface.
(7) Tracheal mucus transport rate (TMTR) and quantitative clearance of aerosolized Escherichia coli from the trachea, lung, and air sac were measured in healthy unanesthetized turkeys and in turkeys exposed by aerosol to a La Sota vaccine strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV).
(8) After controlling for FEV1, cough was still significantly associated with treatment for airway disease in general and both cough, mucus hypersecretion and chronic bronchitis were significantly associated with treatment for airway obstruction.
(9) This report describes two patients with long-term catheter use who developed increasing respiratory failure and cor pulmonale, at least in part, due to a large tracheal mucus plug.
(10) Rabbits, affected by acute bronchitis, treated orally with the title compounds showed a considerable reduction of the viscosity of the bronchial mucus.
(11) The number of CC-treated patients with poor mucus quality in the face of adequate follicular development was 24, or 48%.
(12) The authors report two cases of primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder with secretion of mucus, observed over a year period, between 1978 and 1990.
(13) Acidic mucus containing goblet cells have been revealed using Alcian blue staining when added to the PAS stained cells in conditions that have previously been shown to have reduced goblet cell population when assessed by PAS-haematoxylin staining.
(14) Antioxidants and inhibitors of lipid peroxidation were effective inhibitors of both mucus secretion and 15 HETE production.
(15) The resulting reduction in fluid secretion by glands may contribute to the accumulation of airway mucus in CF.
(16) The migration of human spermatozoa in cervical mucus obtained from women shortly before mid-cycle was studied, using an in-vitro method for horizontal sperm penetration.
(17) Abnormalities of cervical mucus can have a bearing on a woman's fertility.
(18) The inability of these young smokers to enhance their mucus clearance by cough suggests a change in the mucociliary apparatus from normal.
(19) Cellular mucus of the mucous cells from gastric epithelium and surface mucus from gastric mucosa were obtained by perfusion in vivo of Ghosh-Lai rat stomachs with 2 M NaCl.
(20) These results suggest that long-lasting excitation of DMN neurons facilitate gastric ulcer formation and that a decrease in mucus content in gastric mucosa plays an important role in the process of gastric ulcer formation by kainic acid injection into the DMN.
Snuff
Definition:
(v. t.) The part of a candle wick charred by the flame, whether burning or not.
(v. t.) To crop the snuff of, as a candle; to take off the end of the snuff of.
(v. i.) To draw in, or to inhale, forcibly through the nose; to sniff.
(v. i.) To perceive by the nose; to scent; to smell.
(v. i.) To inhale air through the nose with violence or with noise, as do dogs and horses.
(v. i.) To turn up the nose and inhale air, as an expression of contempt; hence, to take offense.
(n.) The act of snuffing; perception by snuffing; a sniff.
(n.) Pulverized tobacco, etc., prepared to be taken into the nose; also, the amount taken at once.
(n.) Resentment, displeasure, or contempt, expressed by a snuffing of the nose.
Example Sentences:
(1) The relatively high levels of potentially carcinogenic TSNA in the saliva, together with the current popularity of snuff usage by teenagers, is of particular concern.
(2) Individual effects of tobacco on, a.o., the blood vessel supply of the oral mucosa were, thus, documented photographically every five minutes after cigarette smoking and snuff-dipping respectively in three healthy volunteers, aged 45, 35 and 30 years.
(3) The use of smokeless forms of tobacco, such as snuff and chewing tobacco, is growing at alarming rates.
(4) The dose-response relationship between pancreatic bicarbonate production and varying doses of synthetic secretin administered intravenously and in the form of snuff, was good.
(5) Twenty-nine subjects, 3 showing Degree 2 lesions, 21 Degree 3 lesions and 5 Degree 4 lesions, all of them loose snuff users were identified.
(6) These data confirm that a water-soluble extract of snuff has anti-cytolytic and anti-proliferative effects on peripheral blood lymphocytes.
(7) During the last ten years, over 900 samples of foods, snuff and other products on the Swedish market were analysed for N-nitrosamines.
(8) 184 using exclusively loose and 68 portion-bag snuff.
(9) Most of the snuff brands were rich in nitrate (greater than or equal to 1.5%), total polyphenols (greater than 2%), and in nicotine (greater than or equal to 1.5%), which is the habituating factor in tobacco use.
(10) Based on 133 cases diagnosed between 1976-1982 and 948 controls, there were significant excesses associated with use of the drug chloramphenicol (odds ratio (OR) = 5.4, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.2-23.9) and chewing tobacco or snuff (OR = 1.8, 95% Cl 1.1-2.9).
(11) Smokeless tobacco (chewing tobacco and snuff) contains known carcinogens shown to increase the risk for oral cancer.
(12) However, the formation of N-nitrosoproline in cigarette smokers and snuff dippers proves that smoke and snuff have a measurable potential for the endogenous formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines.
(13) It was found that 50 (81%) of the 62 questioned patients used snuff in the form of saffa.
(14) Various Indian tobacco products--cigarette, bidi, chutta and their smoke, chewing tobacco and snuff (used for inhalation as well as a dentifrice) were analysed for their content of tobacco-specific nitrosamines (N'-nitrosonornicotine, 4-(N-nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone and N'-nitrosoanatabine) by means of a gas chromatograph interfaced with a thermal energy analyser.
(15) After 3000 chewing strokes on each plate, the wear of the plate used while chewing snuff was significantly less compared to the plate used while chewing with nothing in the mouth.
(16) To estimate the risk of myocardial infarction in snuff users, cigarette smokers, and non-tobacco users in northern Sweden, where using snuff is traditional.
(17) Loose snuff users showed predominantly histologic Type 1 changes while portion-bag users showed more histologic Type 2 or only very discrete changes.
(18) The response of the human pancreas to varying doses of pure synthetic secretin administered intravenously and, for comparison, 8 days later in the form of snuff was examined, intraindividually, in 10 healthy test subjects.
(19) The suppression of ulcers was most evident for those groups smoking pipe or cigarettes without filter and only moderate for those using snuff.
(20) Why, it's Sepp Maier demonstrating how to use a snuff feather, of course.