(a.) Consisting of, or having, many cells or more than one cell.
Example Sentences:
(1) Calcium channels, which play a primary role in the control of the calcium influx into cardiac cells, were initially studied by recording macroscopic currents in multicellular preparations.
(2) We have used this dye to enable us to track individual cells, as they move through multicellular tissues in later Dd stages.
(3) Statistical analysis of 251 phylogenetically informative nucleotide positions rejects the "volvocine lineage" hypothesis, which postulates a monophyletic evolutionary progression from unicellular organisms (such as Chlamydomonas), through colonial organisms (e.g., Gonium, Pandorina, Eudorina, and Pleodorina) demonstrating increasing size, cell number, and tendency toward cellular differentiation, to multicellular organisms having fully differentiated somatic and reproductive cells (in the genus Volvox).
(4) Our results show the feasibility of back-extrapolating multicellular tumour spheroid growth curves to obtain survival estimates that can be applied to establish sublethal damage repair capacity.
(5) In multicellular preparations, phenylephrine caused a concentration-dependent positive inotropic effect, an increase in action potential duration, and a decrease in resting potential; the effects were antagonized by phentolamine.
(6) Cyclic-AMP-induced prespore protein synthesis and the proportion of prespore cells in multicellular aggregates are also not affected by bypassing or inhibiting the cAMP-induced pHi increase.
(7) They are thought to be a major source of DNA damage leading to aging and cancer in multicellular organisms.
(8) Analysis of ribosomal RNAs agrees with traditional analyses of morphological and developmental characters that all multicellular animals probably arose from a common ancestor, but highlights one of the major limitations of the various mathematical algorithms used.
(9) Multicellular aggregates were dissociated either immediately before or immediately after irradiation and assayed under conventional conditions.
(10) Rapid cooling contractures (RCCs) were used to assess changes in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca content in both isolated rabbit ventricular myocytes and multicellular preparations.
(11) The involvement of microorganisms or "hyperparasites" during the host associations of multicellular parasites was described.
(12) The radiation response of multicellular spheroids, initiated from a human melanoma xenograft (E.E.)
(13) Antiproliferative effects of free retinoic acid (RA) and liposome-encapsulated RA (RAlp) were compared in a squamous carcinoma system using both monolayer cells and multicellular tumor spheroids (MTS), an in-vivo-like model with three-dimensional histological structure.
(14) The histone H3 and H4 genes are shown to be expressed in both Arabidopsis plantlets and transitory multicellular suspension.
(15) In cells transformed with this vector, the gene fusion showed the same temporal regulation as the endogenous gene during multicellular development and, like endogenous prestalk genes, was highly inducible by cyclic AMP in in vitro cell cultures.
(16) The mechanisms a macrophages uses to block the replication of a virus may be totally ineffective in the destruction of a multicellular helminth, such as Schistosoma mansoni.
(17) A significant negative correlation existed between parathyroid aluminium and osteoblastic surfaces (P less than 0.05), but no correlation was found with bone formation rate at tissue and bone multicellular units levels.
(18) We have compared the response to a number of cytotoxic drugs of cells treated either within intact multicellular spheroids or as isolated cells following spheroid disaggregation.
(19) This is discussed in terms of the physiological adaptation and development of multicellular-tissue systems.
(20) Analysis of protein sequences shows that many proteins in multicellular organisms have evolved by a process of exon shuffling, deletion and duplication.
Rotifer
Definition:
(n.) One of the Rotifera. See Illust. in Appendix.
Example Sentences:
(1) Lifespan is strongly correlated (0.7009) with the length of the reproductive period in the rotifer Asplanchna brightwelli.
(2) Two possible mechanisms are discussed to explain these results: (1) cortisone stabilization of lysosomal membranes, or (2) recognition of cortisone as a hormone capable of altering resource allocation by the rotifers.
(3) The rate of lipid peroxidation (LP) was measured in rotifers reared under conditions of continuous darkness (D:D), dietary restriction, vitamin E supplementation, or elevated temperatures.
(4) They show the same buoyant density as chitin and also as the chitin-containing layers of rotifer egg-shells.
(5) The rotifer Asplanchna releases into its environment a water-soluble, nondialyzable, pronase-sensitive factor which causes uncleaved eggs of another rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus, to develop into individuals with a pair of long, movable spines which neither their mothers nor the unaffected controls have.
(6) The jaws (trophi) of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis are soluble in strong acids but are resistant to long treatments by strong alkali.
(7) Both high and low temperatures increased rotifer sensitivity to reference toxicants.
(8) To account for the mechanism of this unusual and novel effect it is proposed that these compounds interact with the anesthetic binding site of the rotifer cholinoceptor ionophore in the open state.
(9) It was shown by means of radiolabelling with 45 calcium that the rate of calcium accumulation in chelation-treated rotifers was markedly lower than in the untreated controls.
(10) Cortisone at 100 and 200 microM concentrations produced a significant increase in both life span and reproduction in the rotifer Asplanchna brightwelli.
(11) Extensions of life-span and reproductive period were achieved in the rotifer Mytilina brevispina var redunca by regular brief immersions in solutions of one of the following chelating agents, sodium citrate, sodium tartrate, EDTA, and EGTA.
(12) A number of compounds showing general anesthetic action in the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus were investigated in the presence of acetylcholine.
(13) In the summer of 1982-1983 it was observed an impairment on the daily cercarial harvests which was related to ambient temperature increase, and the presence of rotifers in the aquaria water.
(14) The magnitude of cannibalism in this rotifer may be dependent upon a complex suite of heterogeneous predator-prey interactions and greatly affected by shifting densities and distributions of different clones and female morphotypes.
(15) No response was observed when rotifers were exposed to aluminum chloride, mercury chloride, pentachlorophenol, sodium arsenite, sodium azide, sodium dodecyl sulfate, or zinc chloride.
(16) Examples are provided, derived from populations having rather different lifespans such as rotifers, flies, rats and horses.
(17) Furthermore, significant quantities of calcium, which increased throughout the life-span, were withdrawn from rotifers at chelation.
(18) The rotifer Asplanchna brightwelli shows a continuous decline in swimming activity through the course of its 5-day life span.
(19) The presence of acetylcholine in the culture medium was found to result in egg retention in the bdelloid rotifer Philodina acuticornis in a dose-dependent fashion, with no other discernible physiological effect.
(20) The results of this study indicate that levels of the SOR and lipid peroxides are coupled to rotifer life-span and that activation of phospholipase A2 may contribute to the elevation of these agents in older animals.