(n.) That part of the beard which grows on the upper lip; hair left growing above the mouth.
(n.) A West African monkey (Cercopithecus cephus). It has yellow whiskers, and a triangular blue mark on the nose.
(n.) Any conspicuous stripe of color on the side of the head, beneath the eye of a bird.
Example Sentences:
(1) Mustached bats, Pteronotus p. parnellii, use complex, multiharmonic biosonar signals with prominent approx.
(2) She writes: It used to be that evil finance plots at least had the dignity to be conducted in back rooms, with much mustache-twirling and fondling of watch fobs as well as hearty, if ominous laughs.
(3) The mustache bat, Pteronotus parnellii rubiginosus, emits orientation sounds containing a long constant-frequency (CF) component that is ideal for echo detection and Doppler shift measurement.
(4) The mustached bat's biosonar signal consists of four harmonics, of which the second (H2) is the most intense.
(5) The ear of the mustached bat (Pteronotus parnellii) shows marked cochlear resonance near 60 kHz and many sharply tuned neurons throughout the brain have best frequencies (BF) near the cochlear resonance frequency (CRF).
(6) The sense of hearing in the mustached bat, Pteronotus parnellii, is specialized for fine frequency analysis in three narrow bands that correspond to approx 30, 60 and 90 kHz constant frequency harmonics in the biosonar signals used for Doppler-shift compensation and acoustic imaging of the environment.
(7) In this study it is shown that: 1) any sounds near the resonance frequency elicit a pronounced resonance that continues after the stimulus terminates; 2) Doppler-shifted echoes of the bat's own cries may cause resonance; 3) continuous resonance can be produced by stimulating the ear with broadband noise but such resonance does not interfere with the bat's ability to Doppler-shift compensate during simulated flight; 4) significant changes in the resonance frequency of the cochlea occur during and after flight; 5) the changes in resonance can be dependent or independent of body temperature changes; and 6) mustached bats continuously adjust the CF component of their pulses to keep the second harmonic echoes in a constant frequency band near the resonance frequency.
(8) These results show the general tonotopy of the mustache bat's brainstem auditory nuclei, and with respect to the dorsoposterior division, clearly reveal the total set of projections to a single isofrequency region.
(9) Most MSO neurons in the mustached bat are monaural, excited by a contralateral sound.
(10) Delay-tuned combination-sensitive neurons (FM-FM neurons) have been discovered in the dorsal and medial divisions of the medial geniculate body (MGB) of the mustached bat (Pteronotus parnellii).
(11) In the companion paper we investigated, in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus, the representation of the predominant second-harmonic frequency-modulated component (FM2) of the mustached bat biosonar signal (O'Neill et al.
(12) FM-FM neurons in the auditory cortex of the mustached bat, Pteronotus parnellii, are specialized to process target range.
(13) The orientation sound of the mustache bat (Pteronotus parnellii rubiginosus) invariably consists of long constant-frequency and short frequency-modulated components and is indispensable for its survival.
(14) The representation in the inferior colliculus of the frequency modulated (FM) components of the first (25-30 kHz) and second (50-60 kHz) harmonic of the sonar signal of the mustached bat, which may be important for target range processing, was investigated by using the 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) technique and single-unit mapping.
(15) By referring the echo from a target to the emitted pulse, the mustached bat derives velocity information from Doppler shift and distance information from echo delay.
(16) Of 311 single units studied in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICC) in 18 mustached bats (Pteronotus parnelli), a small but significant population (13%) of cells with on-off discharge patterns to tone bursts at best frequency (BF) was found in the dorsoposterior division.
(17) The biosonar pulse (P) and its echo (E) produced and heard by the mustached bat consist of four harmonics; each harmonic contains a constant frequency (CF) component and a frequency modulated (FM) component.
(18) In the cerebellum of the mustached bat, auditory neurons are predominantly tuned to frequencies within the bands between 23 and 30, 55 and 63, or 85 and 94 kHz, which are found in the first, second, and third harmonics of bat's biosonar signals, respectively.
(19) To ascertain the directional characteristics of the auditory system in the mustached bat, Pteronotus parnellii, we measured the summated neural response at the lateral lemniscus (N4) in response to pure tones at 30, 60 and 90 kHz, frequencies that are typical of the harmonics of this species' biosonar signal.
(20) 30, 60, 90 kHz) of the mustached bat biosonar signal were measured from vocalizations elicited by cortical microstimulation.
Whiskers
Definition:
Example Sentences:
(1) Writing in the journal Nature , the researchers describe how our ancestors lost another piece of DNA that gives rise to both facial whiskers and sensitive spines on the tip of the penis, both of which are found in chimpanzees and other non-human primates.
(2) They also suggest that both the migration of cortical neurons on glia and the refinement of the mapping between the peripheral whisker field and its cortical representation may depend upon the distribution of substrate adhesion molecules.
(3) The figures on Tuesday mean Osborne has, by a whisker, achieved his promise that his austerity measures would bring year-on-year cuts in the UK's annual deficit.
(4) Facebook Twitter Pinterest Bernie Sanders: I want to see major changes in the Democratic party But Clinton is still a comfortable favourite in polling at the national level and her team argued earlier that day that if she can shrink his lead to single digits in the New Hampshire primary on Tuesday, she will have blunted the surprise momentum that unnerved supporters when he came within a whisker of beating her in Iowa.
(5) Follicles and whisker pads cultured with minoxidil, then washed for one h in media were devoid of minoxidil-immunoreactivity.
(6) In the present experiments we manipulated the tactile experience of young rats by depriving them of the sensory information that is normally provided by their large facial whiskers.
(7) In addition to the well-documented role of intracortical connectivity in elaboration of multi-whisker receptor fields in the cortical neurones, the role played by direct inputs from multi-whisker thalamic ventrobasal neurones was discussed.
(8) The whisker-to-barrel pathway of the adult mouse was used in a study on the effects of peripheral sensory deprivation on GAD-immunoreactivity in the somatosensory cortex.
(9) Condition b was investigated by calculating the mean and the variance of the time required for the diffusion of a molecule (the proximal tip of the fiber) on a spherical surface (whose radius is the distance from the tip to the whisker tethering point) into a circular sink (the baseplate site).
(10) A normally transient cross-modal thalamocortical projection from the magnocellular subdivision of the medial geniculate nucleus (MGm) to the primary somatosensory (SI) cortex of rats was found to remain unchanged throughout adulthood following unilateral removal of whiskers in newborn animals.
(11) Following displacement of an adjacent whisker, unit discharges to subsequent deflections of the maximally excitatory whisker were reduced in a time-dependent fashion.
(12) Whiskers contacted the discriminanda along the hair shaft, not at the whisker tips.
(13) On the other hand, none of the upper one-half or two-thirds implants regenerated a dermal papilla, and no whisker production was observed.
(14) Indeed, the present findings suggest that the representation of the whiskers in SII may have a specialized function paralleling that in SI.
(15) Of 134 neurons that were noted as either sustained or transient based on the response to a maintained whisker deflection, 50 were sustained-type neurons and 84 were transient-type neurons.
(16) Democrats also won the battle for lieutenant governor and were within a whisker of securing the post of attorney general – an unprecedented sweep in a state that until recently was a Republican stronghold.
(17) We found that normal barrel fields and abnormal barrel fields caused by supernumerary whiskers or lesions to the whisker pad are closely approximated by this mathematical formalism.
(18) The deprived barrel cortices, examined in adults, showed drastically diminished intracortical projections relative to normal controls, although the map of the whiskers in the cortex was unchanged.
(19) These data indicate that PA and CA antisera identify two cell populations in whisker-related regions of the V brainstem complex and that PA cells are somatotopically patterned in PrV, SpI, and SpC.
(20) To study minoxidil's action on isolated follicles we developed and validated an organ culture system using mouse whisker follicles.