What's the difference between mutilation and scarification?
Mutilation
Definition:
(n.) The act of mutilating, or the state of being mutilated; deprivation of a limb or of an essential part.
Example Sentences:
(1) Following mass disasters and individual deaths, dentists with special training and experience in forensic odontology are frequently called upon to assist in the identification of badly mutilated or decomposed bodies.
(2) We come to see that some traditions keep us grounded, but that, in our modern world, other traditions set us back.” Female genital mutilation (FGM) affects more than 130 million girls and women around the world.
(3) The central nervous system proximity poses a difficult problem and speaks for an early mutilating surgery.
(4) To avoid mutilating surgery in advanced disease, four courses of VBC chemotherapy were administered prior to resection.
(5) UK Border Force officers have warned of an emerging trend of "cutters" flying into Britain to practise female genital mutilation (FGM).
(6) But she did back moves advocated by the Solicitor-General, Oliver Heald, to place a duty on parents to protect their children and make it illegal to permit their daughters to be mutilated.
(7) With the first prosecutions under way in the UK and Guinea-Bissau , an increased focus on strengthening the law in Kenya , and a rare conviction in Uganda , positive moves are being made in several countries to implement laws that ban female genital mutilation (FGM).
(8) It has been suggested that in some self-mutilating Tourette patients, HGPRT shows a time-related loss of activity at 4 degrees C, and an unusual isoelectrofocusing pattern.
(9) Its most prominent but by no means exclusive feature is self-mutilation.
(10) She explained that, as a baby, she had been subjected to female genital mutilation (FGM): her clitoris cut off and her vagina sealed, with only a small hole remaining for urine and menstruation.
(11) One described the mutilated bodies of three acquaintances – two women and a 14-year-old boy – found in their homes.
(12) Younger children may worry about genital mutilation, and should be reassured.
(13) Allegations that British soldiers murdered insurgents and mutilated their bodies after a fierce firefight in Iraq were roundly rejected by an official inquiry, which also found that a number of prisoners were abused and that troops breached the Geneva convention.
(14) That has left patients with unsatisfactorily functioning vaginas and a mutilated appearance.
(15) As illustrated by a case of dye impression, early extensive surgical exploration and radical removal of the injected agent are mandatory to minimize sequelae and to avoid mutilating complications.
(16) Hence unwilling finger mutilations can scarcely be the result of a "reflex action" of this kind.
(17) The future James I resorted to them on several occasions in Scotland: in 1600, for instance, he had two alleged assassins pickled in whisky, vinegar and allspice, put on trial, and then mutilated.
(18) But Mossad’s toughest opponent was her mother, who started demanding her grand-daughter’s mutilation from when she was just 11 months old.
(19) In one case a laceration over the median nerve was followed by self-induced trauma to the fingers distal to the cut, while the other patient developed self-mutilation in all the extremities following insecticide poisoning and presented with signs of diffuse peripheral neuropathy.
(20) Muslims suspected of collaborating with Djotodia's rebellion have been stoned to death in the streets and their bodies mutilated.
Scarification
Definition:
(n.) The act of scarifying.
Example Sentences:
(1) Finally, in all wounds, it offers the best conditions for cutting, scarification of the wound and perifocal infiltrative treatment with anti-ophidic serum.
(2) An additional 117 patients with similar characteristics were treated with the same program with the addition of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) by scarification (FAC-BCG-LMS).
(3) These results support the view that splenosubcutaneous collaterals, stimulated by scarification, are essential for successful portal diversion.
(4) One mutant had a decreased transmission from mice infected by tail scarification to naive cage mates.
(5) Eighty mice were subjected to repeated inoculation of HSV-1 on their upper lips after scarification, and systemic administration of acyclovir (ACV).
(6) Vaccinia virus infection was performed by scarification of the shaved skin (5 times 5 cm2) on the back of Pirbright guinea pigs.
(7) Microsurgical interventions, such as scarification of epithelium, dosed local keratectomy of superficial pathologically changed portions of the cornea with subsequent epicorneal covering by keracol, allowed to arrest the pathologic process within 3-10 days in 85% of patients; in the control group--the same results were achieved in 68.4% of cases.
(8) As a result, many physicians feel pressured by their patients to replace the intradermal route of administration with scarification and to replace strong strains with weaker strains of vaccine.
(9) In all subjects scarification of forearm skin was carried out three times at intervals of 3 days.
(10) The chemoimmunotherapy consisted of a three-drug combination of Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and 5-fluorouracil or Ftorafur; immunotherapy consisted of either oral levamisole, BCG by scarification, or a combination of both.
(11) Scarification vaccination induced humoral and cell-mediated immune responses.
(12) The immunological status of seven patients with disseminated melanoma during BCG scarification was followed.
(13) We used the Collings knife electrode for the creation of a nephrostomy tract in 17 patients (19 renal units) with difficult percutaneous access due to scarification, or the inability to advance a guide wire sufficiently for stabilization and dilation by conventional means.
(14) This is an unusual complication of the scarification technique.
(15) Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV) infection of trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia was established in mice via corneal scarification and footpad injection, respectively.
(16) The morphological and ultrastructural findings indicated that the presence of air induced a reactive process at the visceral pleura which led to degeneration and scarification.
(17) Serological efficacy of oral smallpox vaccination was studied in comparison with the scarification and jet methods (1677 persons were vaccinated orally, 148 by scarification, and 1864 by the jet method).
(18) Scarification commenced 3 days after surgical removal of the tumor and continued once a week for 5 weeks.
(19) Six patients with recurrent bladder papillomata were treated both by abdominal scarification with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and by intravesical BCG, without resection.
(20) 4 different protocols were used: the slow drip intravenous infusion with paraformaldehyde-fixed autologous cells infected with V25; repeated scarification with V25 for the 2nd protocol; scarifications with fragments of Gp 120 env protein; and intramuscular injections of purified autologous cell membrane infected with V25.