What's the difference between myrosin and sinigrin?
Myrosin
Definition:
(n.) A ferment, resembling diastase, found in mustard seeds.
Example Sentences:
Sinigrin
Definition:
(n.) A glucoside found in the seeds of black mustard (Brassica nigra, formerly Sinapis nigra) It resembles sinalbin, and consists of a potassium salt of myronic acid.
Example Sentences:
(1) Chronic, but not acute, pretreatment with sinigrin also caused a significant decrease in the demethylation of NDMA and NNK.
(2) The effects of dietary sinigrin and indole-3-carbinol (I3C) on DNA methylation and O6-methylguanine--DNA-transmethylase activity, factors which may be of importance in the induction of tumorigenicity by the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), were investigated.
(3) Additionally, the effects of dietary sinigrin on NNK tumorigenicity were assessed in a two-year bioassay in F344 rats.
(4) No formation of thiocyanate ion was observed on incubation of sinigrin with thioglucosidase.
(5) The contrary effects on NNK-induced hepatic DNA methylation by sinigrin and I3C, two major components of cruciferous vegetables, demonstrate the complexities of dietary modulation of carcinogenesis.
(6) When glucusinolates that were found in Brussels sprouts (sinigrin, progoitrin, glucobrassicin and glucotropaeolin) were fed separately to rats, only the indole glucosinolate, glucobrassicin, induced MFO activity (causing induction in the small intestines of the rats).
(7) These results suggested that dietary sinigrin might reduce the incidence of NNK-induced hepatic tumors with no effect on NNK tumorigenesis of the lung and nasal cavity, whereas I3C might increase hepatic tumor incidence and reduce NNK tumorigenesis of the lung and nasal cavity.
(8) However, dietary sinigrin plus NNK resulted in a significant incidence of pancreatic tumors, a rare occurrence in F344 rats.
(9) Rats dosed with heated meal, containing intact glucosinolate, showed a slight increase of thiocyanate ion in the urine as compared with control rats dosed with water, while a relatively large increase followed dosing with sinigrin.
(10) No effects on O6-methylguanine--DNA-transmethylase activity were observed in tissue extracts derived from the livers, lungs and nasal mucosae of rats fed diets containing sinigrin or I3C.
(11) spectra of sinigrin and some closely related compounds have been analyzed.
(12) In view of their promising inhibitory activities, the effects of phenethyl isothiocyanate, phenyl isothiocyanate and sinigrin on the in vivo methylation of DNA by NDMA and NNK were evaluated.
(13) Phenethyl isothiocyanate, phenyl isothiocyanate and sinigrin generally inhibited the formation of 7-methylguanine and O6-methylguanine in rat hepatic DNA.
(14) The bioassay results showed that dietary sinigrin had no effect on NNK tumorigenesis in these target tissues.
(15) Dietary-related indoles, isothiocyanates, and the allyl isothiocyanate glucosinolate, sinigrin, were administered to F344 rats in the diet for 2 weeks (chronic protocol) or by gavage 2 h before sacrifice (acute protocol) and the effects of these pretreatments on the alpha-hydroxylation of two carcinogenic nitrosamines, N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), were evaluated.
(16) While the results from DNA methylation studies are in agreement with the bioassay data for lung and nasal cavity, the absence of any inhibitory effect of dietary sinigrin on NNK hepatic tumorigenesis indicates that factors other than DNA methylation and O6-methylguanine repair should be considered in assessing the effects of dietary compounds on NNK hepatic tumorigenesis.
(17) Preincubation with sinigrin yielded similar negative results as CO and piperonylbutoxide.