(1) One hour after direct mechanical cardiomassage (DMCM) a moderately pronounced edema of the intercellular spaces in the basal compartment of the seminiferous epithelium, normal content of lactate and succinate dehydrogenases, and a certain decrease in the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases and NAD- and NADP-diaphorases were noted.
(2) Transformed mammalian cells express both the usual NADP-dependent trifunctional methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase-cyclohydrolase-synthetase as well as the bifunctional NAD-dependent methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase-cyclohydrolase.
(3) The results are discussed in terms of a two-site model in which separate, but interacting, regions exist on the enzyme to accommodate the adenosine and nicotinamide moieties of NAD, and a single-site model in which the adenosine part of the molecule is bound preferentially and this interacts with the nicotinamide fraction.
(4) The NAD-dependent enzymes (except alpha-GPDH) showed a stronger reactivity in the proximal tubules, while the NADP-dependent ones were more reactive in the thick limb of Henle's loop and distal convoluted tubules.
(5) In contrast, AMP and adenosine did not alter NAD glycohydrolase activity or affect subunit structure.
(6) With cortisol and cortisol-21-aldehyde, product inhibition patterns showed only slope effects with steroid product and NAD+, suggesting a "random" mechanism.
(7) Kinetic studies of glutamate dehydrogenase were made with wide concentration ranges of the coenzymes NAD(+) and NADP(+) and the substrates glutamate and norvaline.
(8) Both substances decreased the concentrations of NAD(+) in the islet cells to about 10% of the control values within 2h after injection.
(9) We investigated the denaturation of tetrameric 20 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20R)-17 beta,20 beta,21-trihydroxysteroid:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.53) to find out whether intermediate states are formed during the process.
(10) On subfractionation of this crude mitochondrial fraction with continuous sucrose density gradients, most of the activity of the three enzymes was found at a higher density than NAD+-isocitrate dehydrogenase and at about the same density as glutamate dehydrogenase, confirming earlier reported data for acetyl-CoA synthase.
(11) The effect of dicoumarol on glucuronidation of 3-OH-benzo(a)pyrene (BP) appears to be due to inhibition of UDPglucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT) and not to an inhibited DT-diaphorase (NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase); to date the only enzyme known to be inhibited by dicoumarol.
(12) The increase in concentration of organic cosolvents results in a 2-2.5-fold increase of the maximal reaction rate and a decrease of Michaelis constant for formate of NAD(+)-dependent formate dehydrogenase from methylotrophic bacteria Pseudomonas sp.
(13) Furthermore, NADP was over 1000-fold more potent than NAD in inhibiting the enzyme competitively with respect to NADH.
(14) The possible participation of a Ca(2+)-induced activation of NAD-isocitrate dehydrogenase in this process was investigated.
(15) A 4.1-kb EcoRI fragment which includes the gene (gldA) encoding a glycerol dehydrogenase (G1DH; EC 1.1.1.6; glycerol:NAD oxidoreductase) from Bacillus stearothermophilus var.
(16) It is supposed that the stimulating effect of lactate with NAD+ on the mitochondria respiration is not so much a result of the membrane-damaged action as a result of oxidation of lactate dehydrogenase reaction products: phosphorylative oxidation of pyruvate and nonconjugated oxidation of NADH.
(17) In the presence of glycolate (glyoxylate), and NADH and NAD alone or together in physiological proportions, the rate of serine-to-glycerate conversion was enhanced and sustained by the addition of malate.
(18) Virazole 5'-phosphate was subsequently found to be a potent competitive inhibitor of inosine 5'-phosphate dehydrogenase (IMP:NAD(+) oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.1.14) isolated from Escherichia coli (K(m) = 1.8 x 10(-5) M) with a K(i) of 2.7 x 10(-7) M. Guanosine 5'-phosphate (GMP) was a competitive inhibitor of this enzyme with a K(i) of 7.7 x 10(-5) M. Virazole 5'-phosphate was similarly active against IMP dehydrogenase isolated from Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, with a K(i) of 2.5 x 10(-7) M. The K(m) for this enzyme was 1.8 x 10(-5) M, and the K(i) for GMP was 2.2 x 10(-4) M. These results suggest that the antiviral activity of Virazole might be due to the inhibition of GMP biosynthesis in the infected cell at the step involving the conversion of IMP to xanthosine 5'-phosphate.
(19) The methods described make possible the preparation of fossil samples for light nad transmission electron microscopy.
(20) The activity of soluble NAD-specific hydrogenase was not detected.
Nod
Definition:
(v. i.) To bend or incline the upper part, with a quick motion; as, nodding plumes.
(v. i.) To incline the head with a quick motion; to make a slight bow; to make a motion of assent, of salutation, or of drowsiness, with the head; as, to nod at one.
(v. i.) To be drowsy or dull; to be careless.
(v. t.) To incline or bend, as the head or top; to make a motion of assent, of salutation, or of drowsiness with; as, to nod the head.
(v. t.) To signify by a nod; as, to nod approbation.
(v. t.) To cause to bend.
(n.) A dropping or bending forward of the upper oart or top of anything.
(n.) A quick or slight downward or forward motion of the head, in assent, in familiar salutation, in drowsiness, or in giving a signal, or a command.
Example Sentences:
(1) A triphasic pattern was evident for the neck moments including a small phase which represented a seating of the headform on the nodding blocks of the uppermost ATD neck segment, and two larger phases of opposite polarity which represented the motion of the head relative to the trunk during the first 350 ms after impact.
(2) The polygenic control of diabetogenesis in NOD mice, in which a recessive gene linked to the major histocompatibility complex is but one of several controlling loci, suggests that similar polygenic interactions underlie this type of diabetes in humans.
(3) Everyone worked hard, but it is fair to pick out Willian because of his work-rate, quality on the ball, participation in the first goal and quality of the second.” It had been Willian’s fizzed cross, 11 minutes before the break, which Dragovic had nodded inadvertently inside Shovkovskiy’s near post to earn the hosts their initial lead.
(4) Addition of the flavanol kaempferol, an antagonist of nod gene induction, had no detectable effect on the chemotactic response to naringenin or apigenin, but was itself found to be an attractant.
(5) He is seeing clubbers with their hands in the air again: "In the dubstep era everyone just stood there and nodded their heads.
(6) There are these two young fish swimming along, and they happen to meet an older fish swimming the other way, who nods at them and says, "Morning, boys, how's the water?"
(7) We conclude that parathyroiditis in the NOD mouse is part of the wide spectrum of autoimmunity observed in this animal model of diabetes.
(8) TIP displays significant homology with several other membrane proteins from diverse sources: major intrinsic polypeptide from bovine lens fiber plasma membrane; NOD 26, a peribacteroid membrane protein in the nitrogen-fixing root nodules of soybean; and interestingly, GIpF, the glycerol facilitator transport protein in the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli.
(9) Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice get spontaneous diabetes with clinical and pathological manifestations similar to those seen in human type I diabetes.
(10) DMSO (2.5%), MSM (2.5%), and DMS (0.25%) were added to the drinking water of female NOD mice immediately after weaning.
(11) A 1977 Apple II computer sits in the background, near a poster that reads "Think" – presumably a nod to Apple's "Think different" advertising campaign of the late 1990s.
(12) Antibodies against both IAP and type C were detected in NOD, with the humoral response to type C, but not IAP, preceding decline in beta cell function.
(13) He was perhaps casting an envious glance at his counterpart Dave Whelan's summer signings, particularly Holt, who nodded over early on from six yards.
(14) Nicotinamide, a vitamin B group substance, has previously been shown to prevent diabetes and suppress insulitis in the NOD mouse.
(15) The study of animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes (BB rats, NOD mice) now allows demonstrating the autoimmune process.
(16) Here we show that the nodulation genes of this bacterium determine the production of a large family of Nod-factors which are N-acylated chitin pentamers carrying a variety of substituents.
(17) Nor is it good enough to listen, nod politely, then tell the troubled voters they've got it wrong.
(18) The NOD (non-obese diabetic) mouse spontaneously develops insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) characterized by autoimmune insulitis, involving lymphocytic infiltration around and into the islets followed by pancreatic beta (beta) cell destruction, similar to human IDDM.
(19) Treatment with anti-class II antibody effectively prevented the adoptive transfer of diabetes produced by splenocytes from diabetic NOD mice into newborn mice but failed to prevent adoptive transfer into irradiated adult NOD recipients.
(20) This time he looked like a nodding dog in the back of a car that's been in a terrible crash.