(1) One hour after direct mechanical cardiomassage (DMCM) a moderately pronounced edema of the intercellular spaces in the basal compartment of the seminiferous epithelium, normal content of lactate and succinate dehydrogenases, and a certain decrease in the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases and NAD- and NADP-diaphorases were noted.
(2) Transformed mammalian cells express both the usual NADP-dependent trifunctional methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase-cyclohydrolase-synthetase as well as the bifunctional NAD-dependent methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase-cyclohydrolase.
(3) The results are discussed in terms of a two-site model in which separate, but interacting, regions exist on the enzyme to accommodate the adenosine and nicotinamide moieties of NAD, and a single-site model in which the adenosine part of the molecule is bound preferentially and this interacts with the nicotinamide fraction.
(4) The NAD-dependent enzymes (except alpha-GPDH) showed a stronger reactivity in the proximal tubules, while the NADP-dependent ones were more reactive in the thick limb of Henle's loop and distal convoluted tubules.
(5) In contrast, AMP and adenosine did not alter NAD glycohydrolase activity or affect subunit structure.
(6) With cortisol and cortisol-21-aldehyde, product inhibition patterns showed only slope effects with steroid product and NAD+, suggesting a "random" mechanism.
(7) Kinetic studies of glutamate dehydrogenase were made with wide concentration ranges of the coenzymes NAD(+) and NADP(+) and the substrates glutamate and norvaline.
(8) Both substances decreased the concentrations of NAD(+) in the islet cells to about 10% of the control values within 2h after injection.
(9) We investigated the denaturation of tetrameric 20 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20R)-17 beta,20 beta,21-trihydroxysteroid:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.53) to find out whether intermediate states are formed during the process.
(10) On subfractionation of this crude mitochondrial fraction with continuous sucrose density gradients, most of the activity of the three enzymes was found at a higher density than NAD+-isocitrate dehydrogenase and at about the same density as glutamate dehydrogenase, confirming earlier reported data for acetyl-CoA synthase.
(11) The effect of dicoumarol on glucuronidation of 3-OH-benzo(a)pyrene (BP) appears to be due to inhibition of UDPglucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT) and not to an inhibited DT-diaphorase (NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase); to date the only enzyme known to be inhibited by dicoumarol.
(12) The increase in concentration of organic cosolvents results in a 2-2.5-fold increase of the maximal reaction rate and a decrease of Michaelis constant for formate of NAD(+)-dependent formate dehydrogenase from methylotrophic bacteria Pseudomonas sp.
(13) Furthermore, NADP was over 1000-fold more potent than NAD in inhibiting the enzyme competitively with respect to NADH.
(14) The possible participation of a Ca(2+)-induced activation of NAD-isocitrate dehydrogenase in this process was investigated.
(15) A 4.1-kb EcoRI fragment which includes the gene (gldA) encoding a glycerol dehydrogenase (G1DH; EC 1.1.1.6; glycerol:NAD oxidoreductase) from Bacillus stearothermophilus var.
(16) It is supposed that the stimulating effect of lactate with NAD+ on the mitochondria respiration is not so much a result of the membrane-damaged action as a result of oxidation of lactate dehydrogenase reaction products: phosphorylative oxidation of pyruvate and nonconjugated oxidation of NADH.
(17) In the presence of glycolate (glyoxylate), and NADH and NAD alone or together in physiological proportions, the rate of serine-to-glycerate conversion was enhanced and sustained by the addition of malate.
(18) Virazole 5'-phosphate was subsequently found to be a potent competitive inhibitor of inosine 5'-phosphate dehydrogenase (IMP:NAD(+) oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.1.14) isolated from Escherichia coli (K(m) = 1.8 x 10(-5) M) with a K(i) of 2.7 x 10(-7) M. Guanosine 5'-phosphate (GMP) was a competitive inhibitor of this enzyme with a K(i) of 7.7 x 10(-5) M. Virazole 5'-phosphate was similarly active against IMP dehydrogenase isolated from Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, with a K(i) of 2.5 x 10(-7) M. The K(m) for this enzyme was 1.8 x 10(-5) M, and the K(i) for GMP was 2.2 x 10(-4) M. These results suggest that the antiviral activity of Virazole might be due to the inhibition of GMP biosynthesis in the infected cell at the step involving the conversion of IMP to xanthosine 5'-phosphate.
(19) The methods described make possible the preparation of fossil samples for light nad transmission electron microscopy.
(20) The activity of soluble NAD-specific hydrogenase was not detected.
Pad
Definition:
(n.) A footpath; a road.
(n.) An easy-paced horse; a padnag.
(n.) A robber that infests the road on foot; a highwayman; -- usually called a footpad.
(n.) The act of robbing on the highway.
(v. t.) To travel upon foot; to tread.
(v. i.) To travel heavily or slowly.
(v. i.) To rob on foot.
(v. i.) To wear a path by walking.
(n.) A soft, or small, cushion; a mass of anything soft; stuffing.
(n.) A kind of cushion for writing upon, or for blotting; esp., one formed of many flat sheets of writing paper, or layers of blotting paper; a block of paper.
(n.) A cushion used as a saddle without a tree or frame.
(n.) A stuffed guard or protection; esp., one worn on the legs of horses to prevent bruising.
(n.) A cushionlike thickening of the skin one the under side of the toes of animals.
(n.) A floating leaf of a water lily or similar plant.
(n.) A soft bag or cushion to relieve pressure, support a part, etc.
(n.) A piece of timber fixed on a beam to fit the curve of the deck.
(n.) A measure for fish; as, sixty mackerel go to a pad; a basket of soles.
(v. t.) To stuff; to furnish with a pad or padding.
(v. t.) To imbue uniformly with a mordant; as, to pad cloth.
Example Sentences:
(1) We describe an enzymatic fluorometric method for determining glucose concentrations in blood samples by analysis on a semi-solid surface (silicone-rubber pads).
(2) Specific antisera prepared in rabbits or in foot-pad-inoculated chickens were adequate for culture typing.
(3) The remaining fat pad was used for calculations of cell numbers in the fat cell and connective tissue cell compartment.
(4) A peculiar emphasis is given to the microarchitecture and functional significance of longitudinal muscle columns as a prevalent structural component of branch pads.
(5) The superficial bacterial flora were sampled by velvet pad imprints, and the deep flora were determined from whole skin biopsies.
(6) Lymphocytes obtained from lymph nodes draining foot pads infected with R. conorii or R. akari demonstrated cross-reactivity similar to that found with immune spleen cells.
(7) It is suggested that this is due to the fact that the small animals have discrete, elevated volar pads.
(8) We present our results with 8 free transfers of the toe pulp and demonstrate the successful restoration of a well-padded and sensitive fingertip.
(9) Some foot-pad dermatitis was still observed in poults fed levels of methionine more than adequate to meet the requirements for optimum growth and feed efficiency.
(10) Minor amounts were deposited in liver, kidneys and epididymal fat pads.
(11) Moontain Hostel is a new pad for skiers on a budget, with dorm beds from just €20 and private rooms from €60.
(12) Human chorionic somatomammotropin extracted and purified from placenta at term was proved to have a lipolytic action in the epididymal fat pad of rats.
(13) Many pharmacy departments in Michigan hospitals can substantially improve their adherence to ASHP and OSHA recommendations related to PADs.
(14) A foot-pad oedema model was used to investigate the presence of free radicals using a chemiluminescence method.
(15) Therefore, the plantar forces acting under the metatarsal heads of the 1st, 2nd and 5th rays and under the pads of the 1st and 2nd toes were measured during walking, so that with the aid of anthropometric information pertaining to the forefoot, reaction forces in the flexor tendons and in the joints could be estimated.
(16) Infections of mice with Mycobacterium leprae in one rear foot pad immunized them against a second infection in the other rear foot pad.
(17) Incorporation of glucose into fat pad glycogen and CO2 was decreased.
(18) In vitro attempts to demonstrate local activated macrophages in the foot pads of M. leprae infected mice failed, but, because of the technical problems encountered, do not preclude their presence.
(19) We performed comprehensive electrophysiologic studies and skeletal muscle histologic analysis in six patients with unilateral PAD and five control subjects matched for age and activity level.
(20) The fat pads were stimulated with continuous-pulse trains for 15 seconds via a hand-held bipolar electrode using constant current (10-15 mA), constant pulse width (0.02-0.05 msec), and at 6.6, 10, 20, 25, and 30 Hz.