(1) One hour after direct mechanical cardiomassage (DMCM) a moderately pronounced edema of the intercellular spaces in the basal compartment of the seminiferous epithelium, normal content of lactate and succinate dehydrogenases, and a certain decrease in the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases and NAD- and NADP-diaphorases were noted.
(2) Transformed mammalian cells express both the usual NADP-dependent trifunctional methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase-cyclohydrolase-synthetase as well as the bifunctional NAD-dependent methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase-cyclohydrolase.
(3) The results are discussed in terms of a two-site model in which separate, but interacting, regions exist on the enzyme to accommodate the adenosine and nicotinamide moieties of NAD, and a single-site model in which the adenosine part of the molecule is bound preferentially and this interacts with the nicotinamide fraction.
(4) The NAD-dependent enzymes (except alpha-GPDH) showed a stronger reactivity in the proximal tubules, while the NADP-dependent ones were more reactive in the thick limb of Henle's loop and distal convoluted tubules.
(5) In contrast, AMP and adenosine did not alter NAD glycohydrolase activity or affect subunit structure.
(6) With cortisol and cortisol-21-aldehyde, product inhibition patterns showed only slope effects with steroid product and NAD+, suggesting a "random" mechanism.
(7) Kinetic studies of glutamate dehydrogenase were made with wide concentration ranges of the coenzymes NAD(+) and NADP(+) and the substrates glutamate and norvaline.
(8) Both substances decreased the concentrations of NAD(+) in the islet cells to about 10% of the control values within 2h after injection.
(9) We investigated the denaturation of tetrameric 20 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20R)-17 beta,20 beta,21-trihydroxysteroid:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.53) to find out whether intermediate states are formed during the process.
(10) On subfractionation of this crude mitochondrial fraction with continuous sucrose density gradients, most of the activity of the three enzymes was found at a higher density than NAD+-isocitrate dehydrogenase and at about the same density as glutamate dehydrogenase, confirming earlier reported data for acetyl-CoA synthase.
(11) The effect of dicoumarol on glucuronidation of 3-OH-benzo(a)pyrene (BP) appears to be due to inhibition of UDPglucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT) and not to an inhibited DT-diaphorase (NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase); to date the only enzyme known to be inhibited by dicoumarol.
(12) The increase in concentration of organic cosolvents results in a 2-2.5-fold increase of the maximal reaction rate and a decrease of Michaelis constant for formate of NAD(+)-dependent formate dehydrogenase from methylotrophic bacteria Pseudomonas sp.
(13) Furthermore, NADP was over 1000-fold more potent than NAD in inhibiting the enzyme competitively with respect to NADH.
(14) The possible participation of a Ca(2+)-induced activation of NAD-isocitrate dehydrogenase in this process was investigated.
(15) A 4.1-kb EcoRI fragment which includes the gene (gldA) encoding a glycerol dehydrogenase (G1DH; EC 1.1.1.6; glycerol:NAD oxidoreductase) from Bacillus stearothermophilus var.
(16) It is supposed that the stimulating effect of lactate with NAD+ on the mitochondria respiration is not so much a result of the membrane-damaged action as a result of oxidation of lactate dehydrogenase reaction products: phosphorylative oxidation of pyruvate and nonconjugated oxidation of NADH.
(17) In the presence of glycolate (glyoxylate), and NADH and NAD alone or together in physiological proportions, the rate of serine-to-glycerate conversion was enhanced and sustained by the addition of malate.
(18) Virazole 5'-phosphate was subsequently found to be a potent competitive inhibitor of inosine 5'-phosphate dehydrogenase (IMP:NAD(+) oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.1.14) isolated from Escherichia coli (K(m) = 1.8 x 10(-5) M) with a K(i) of 2.7 x 10(-7) M. Guanosine 5'-phosphate (GMP) was a competitive inhibitor of this enzyme with a K(i) of 7.7 x 10(-5) M. Virazole 5'-phosphate was similarly active against IMP dehydrogenase isolated from Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, with a K(i) of 2.5 x 10(-7) M. The K(m) for this enzyme was 1.8 x 10(-5) M, and the K(i) for GMP was 2.2 x 10(-4) M. These results suggest that the antiviral activity of Virazole might be due to the inhibition of GMP biosynthesis in the infected cell at the step involving the conversion of IMP to xanthosine 5'-phosphate.
(19) The methods described make possible the preparation of fossil samples for light nad transmission electron microscopy.
(20) The activity of soluble NAD-specific hydrogenase was not detected.
Rad
Definition:
() imp. & p. p. of Read, Rede.
Example Sentences:
(1) The axons of A5, RPoOl and RaD neurons exhibit no lateral predominance in their spinal projections.
(2) This was treated with local radiation therapy consisting of 2700 rads administered in 15 fractions during a period of 28 days.
(3) Genetical analysis revealed that resistance to trimethoprim resulted from forward mutations at separate loci rather than back mutations of rad 6 or rad 18 alleles.
(4) Analysis was performed on all patients who received any amount of therapy (VSG) and on the Adequately Treated Group (ATG), who had received 5000 or more rads radiotherapy, two or more courses of chemotherapy, and had a minimum survival of 8 or more weeks (the interval that would have been required to have received either the radiotherapy or chemotherapy).
(5) Liability of retransplanted syngeneic skin grafts to rejection could be almost entirely abolished by their exposure to 300 rads irradiation before placement on the intermediate host.
(6) Fourteen patients entered the study and each received megavoltage therapy to give a mean dose of 4600 rad to the pituitary over 31 days.
(7) At the 200 rad level, the mouse with normal karyotype was compared with the T(1;13)70H translocation heterozygote and the Ts(1(13))7OH tertiary trisomic of normal appearance.
(8) Of these, the first 36 patients received single doses to the UHB, mid-body (MB), or LHB using doses of 600 rad to the UHB and 800 rad to MB and LHB.
(9) This treatment will be repeated until a total dose of 5000--6000 rad.
(10) The morphologic changes produced in the liver through irradiation at the rate of 1000 rad are characterized chiefly by a well expressed fatty dystrophia.
(11) The hypoxic fraction increased dramatically when these tumours invaded the subcutaneous tissues, or when tumours were implanted subcutaneously (TCD50 greater than 5,544 rad).
(12) In the membranes a phosphoprotein of 32 kDa belonging to the NADPH oxidase-cytochrome b-245 system (P. Bellavite et al., Free Rad.
(13) The radiation dose to the kidney (3.6 rad) and to the whole body (0.36 rad) was acceptable.
(14) The generation of cellular and supernatant IL 2R was: dependent on cellular activation, rapid, radioresistant (3000 rad), and inhibited by cycloheximide treatment.
(15) He was submitted to radiotherapy with linear acceleration (total dose of 4000 rads) and surgery, during which the tumor could not be completely removed due to its large size.
(16) Of mice treated with 500 rad, 44% were cured, as were 100% given 800 rad of treatment.
(17) External beam radiation was also given (6000 rads) to 16 patients for curative intent and (3000 rads) to 9 patients for palliative intent.
(18) In order to evaluate the usefulness of gamma-ray-irradiation to improve the tolerance to wear of the sockets, the worn surface of the 2.5 M rad gamma-ray-irradiated HDP sockets after total hip arthroplasty has been quantified by a newly-developed 3 dimensional (3-D) image analysis method in combination with scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
(19) 100 to 1600 rad doses did not produce adverse effects on these cells.
(20) Chromosome aberrations induced by 500 rads gamma ray irradiation (dicentrics, rings, and fragments) were observed at the ultrastructural level using the "whole mount" technique.