(1) Maternal alloimmunization against fetal platelets can cause fetal and neonatal thrombocytopenia (NAIT).
(2) Improvements in antenatal diagnosis and in utero therapy facilitate appropriate management of pregnancy at risk for NAIT.
(3) There is evidence that in certain cases antibodies against blood group antigens A or B may cause NAIT.
(4) Recent evidence that NAIT is more common than has previously been recognised, a better understanding of the molecular basis of platelet serology and advances in technology, which have made it possible to take blood samples from fetuses and transfuse them in utero, have all contributed to a growing interest in this condition.
(5) Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is caused by platelet antigen incompatibility between the mother and fetus.
(6) Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) occurs when maternal alloantibodies to antigens present on fetal platelets cause their immune destruction resulting in thrombocytopenia in the newborn infant or fetus.
(7) Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is due to fetomaternal incompatibility for platelet specific antigens, most frequently HPA-1a (PLA1) and HPA-5b (BRa).
(8) A 31 year old woman was assessed following delivery of her second child affected by neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT).
(9) An immune response to human platelet antigens (HPA), as in neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) and post-transfusion purpura (PTP), is the exception rather than the rule and evidence is accumulating for the importance of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class II restriction in this situation.
(10) This report of an unaffected pregnancy in a woman with a history of previous pregnancies complicated by NAIT illustrates the role of paternal and fetal platelet phenotyping in managing existing pregnancies at risk of NAIT.
(11) The sera of 219 Zwa-positive mothers who gave birth to children with clinically suspected neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) were tested for platelet-reactive antibodies using the platelet adhesion immunofluorescence test and a glycoprotein-specific immunoassay (MAIPA).
(12) Because there is high risk that subsequent pregnancies might be also affected by NAIT, the mothers of a previously affected child should be managed similarly to the HPA-1b mothers (PIA2, Zwb).
(13) Platelet specific alloantibodies cause neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT), posttransfusion purpura (PTP) and may be found in patients who are refractory to HLA-matched platelet transfusion.
(14) In accordance with established criteria, the Sra antigen represents the first example of a "private" platelet alloantigen that bears significance in rare instances of NAIT.
(15) We report our experience with the serological diagnosis of 14 NAIT cases using new performing techniques such as western blotting (WB) and MAIPA (monoclonal antibody specific immobilization of platelet antigens).
(16) This is a report of 39 cases of NAIT involving the HPA-5b antigen.
(17) Bra antibodies were from mothers of children with neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT), and anti-Brb was found in the serum of a polytransfused patient.
(18) NAIT is mainly due to alloimmunization; the frequency varying among ethnic groups.
(19) Immunization against these alloantigens is implicated in NAIT and poly-transfused patients.
(20) In the serum of a mother who gave birth to a child with the typical clinical picture of NAIT we found an antibody directed against the new platelet antigen Sra.
Newborn
Definition:
(a.) Recently born.
Example Sentences:
(1) The newborn with critical AS typically presents with severe cardiac failure and the infant with moderate failure, whereas children may be asymptomatic.
(2) Titre in newborn was as a rule lower than the corresponding titre of mother.
(3) Blocks of hippocampal tissue containing the fascia dentata were taken from late embryonic and newborn rats and transplanted to the hippocampal region of other newborn and young adult rats.
(4) No respiratory-distress syndrome of the newborn occurred when total amniotic-fluid cortisol was greater than 60 ng per milliliter (16 patients).
(5) We have studied 166 healthy children (36 newborn infants, 34 infants aged 1-12 months, 15 aged 1-2 years, 15 children aged 2-4 years, 11 aged 4-6 years and 55 aged 6-12 years); 20 adults were also examined.
(6) Organ distribution of the 99mTc-S-colloid showed marked phagocytic activity of the liver in all age groups including the newborn period.
(7) We also demonstrated a significant difference in the Hb switching process between male and female newborns.
(8) The appearance of unusual isoenzyme patterns in newborn infants and in pregnant women in comparison with normal adults.
(9) This study demonstrates conclusively that both renin and Ao genes are expressed in the newborn kidney, providing evidence for a local renin-angiotensin system that is subjected to developmental changes.
(10) A newborn presenting with persistent umbilical stump bleeding should be screened for factor XIII deficiency when routine coagulation tests prove normal.
(11) The acetylcarnitine content of tracheal fluid was higher in samples obtained from premature newborns.
(12) These data demonstrate that 1) the pericardium increases ventricular interaction in both preterm and newborn lambs and 2) the relative percentage increase is similar for both age groups and not age dependent.
(13) Combined study of lungs of 85 foetuses and newborns of various gestational age and 8 newborns dying during the first month of life showed the lung surfactant (LS) system to develop in parallel with formation of respiratory parts and lung capillary network.
(14) Though the problems associated with Robin sequence may be numerous, especially if the primary cause of the sequence is a multiple anomaly syndrome, the most acute problems in affected newborns is upper airway obstruction.
(15) The perinatal development of the levator ani (LA) muscle in male and female rats was investigated by measuring the total number of muscle units (MU) (i.e., mononucleate cells, clustered or independent myotubes, and muscle fibers) in transverse semithin sections of the entire muscle and the MU cross-sectional area in 22-day-old fetuses (F22), 1-day-old (D1 = day of birth), 3-day-old (D3), and 6-day-old (D6) newborns.
(16) This was achieved by immunizing 91% of all newborns, 83% of children in their first year of school, and 98% of those in their final year.
(17) The major lipase in human milk is dependent on bile salts for activity and probably participates in intestinal digestion of milk lipids in the newborn.
(18) There was a remarkable tendency to newborns weighting more than 2000 g and a duration of pregnancy longer than 35 weeks.
(19) Sleep alterations in addicted newborns could be related to central nervous system (CNS) distress caused by withdrawal.
(20) Between-group responsivity differences suggest developmental retardation in term (38-42 weeks) SGA newborns, but the faster SGA latencies may reflect 'induced' acceleration in auditory neurophysiologic function.