What's the difference between naphtha and naphthalize?
Naphtha
Definition:
(n.) The complex mixture of volatile, liquid, inflammable hydrocarbons, occurring naturally, and usually called crude petroleum, mineral oil, or rock oil. Specifically: That portion of the distillate obtained in the refinement of petroleum which is intermediate between the lighter gasoline and the heavier benzine, and has a specific gravity of about 0.7, -- used as a solvent for varnishes, as a carburetant, illuminant, etc.
(n.) One of several volatile inflammable liquids obtained by the distillation of certain carbonaceous materials and resembling the naphtha from petroleum; as, Boghead naphtha, from Boghead coal (obtained at Boghead, Scotland); crude naphtha, or light oil, from coal tar; wood naphtha, from wood, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) Acute toxicity studies using rats and rabbits compared the effects of naphtha, Jet-A, JP-4, diesel and "residual" distillate fractions of both petroleum derived crude oils and hydrotreated shale oil.
(2) A program was initiated to assess the toxicological properties of high-flash aromatic naphtha since there may be human exposure through inhalation or external body contact.
(3) The acute toxicity of three materials derived from Athabasca Oil Sands--(1) bitumen plus naphtha, (2) untreated naphtha (0-250 degrees C) and (3) synthetic crude oil (0-500 degrees C)--was assessed in a battery of tests.
(4) Three toddlers mis-swallowed a mouth of cleaning naphtha accidentally.
(5) It is concluded that chronic exposure to this high aromatic naphtha is without systemic toxicity in rats under the conditions of these studies.
(6) Inhalation studies were conducted to assess the subacute and subchronic toxicity of EDS hydrotreated naphtha (HN).
(7) Bitumen plus naphtha administered at a concentration of 1.46 mg l-1 did not cause mortality in exposed rats or mice.
(8) There was little evidence that inhalation exposure to EDS hydrotreated naphtha adversely affected reproductive performance or fetal development in Sprague-Dawley rats.
(9) A unique opportunity was presented to observe the potentially toxic effects of an acute exposure to the vapors of petroleum naphtha distillate on a relatively large number of individuals.
(10) An amount of 5 g of naphtha or fuel oil is diluted to 10 ml with dichloromethane and spiked with a small quantity (ca.
(11) In addition, the nephrotoxic activity observed with the naphtha streams and distillation fraction correlated well with the proportion of branched alkanes contained in each.
(12) A synthetic crude oil, prepared by blending naphtha and light and heavy gas oils, was moderately carcinogenic; however, the activity of this sample fell within the range of values obtained in studies of crude petroleum samples.
(13) One such application is a mixture of predominantly 9-carbon aromatic molecules (C9 aromatics, primarily isomers of ethyltoluene and trimethylbenzene), which is removed and used as a solvent--high-flash aromatic naphtha.
(14) Industrial hygiene measurements showed low-level airborne exposures to organic solvents (primarily naphthas) and minimal airborne exposure to glycol ethers.
(15) One such application is a mixture of predominantly 9-carbon aromatic molecules (C9 aromatics, primarily isomers of ethyltoluene and trimethylbenzene), which is removed and used as a solvent--High Flash Aromatic Naphtha.
(16) 5-Isothiocyanato-1,3-dioxo-2-p-tolyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benz[de]isoquinoline (= 5-isothio-cyanato-1,8-naphthalenedicarbox-4-methylphenylimide, compd.5) was synthesized from 1H,3H-naphtho(1,8-cd)pyran-1,3-dione (= 1,8-naphtha-lenedicarboxylic anhydride, compd.1) through nitration, condensation with p-toluidine, reduction with tin(II)-chloride yielding 5-amino-1,3-dioxo-2-p-tolyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benz(de)isoquino-line (4) as intermediate, and condensation with thiophosgene.
(17) Untreated naphtha administered at a concentration of 10.6 mg l-1 was lethal to essentially all of the mice; but only two rats died.
(18) Cleaning naphtha, a product of Chinese Petroleum Corporation, is a complex hydrocarbon mixture which contains mainly aliphatic hydrocarbons.
(19) The central nervous system depression described in acute exposure cases of the intact (not distillate) petroleum naphtha fumes was not observed in any of this series.
(20) The study population included 59 women who had been exposed to petroleum naphtha and toluene and 24 age-matched control women.
Naphthalize
Definition:
(v. t.) To mingle, saturate, or impregnate, with naphtha.
Example Sentences:
(1) A spectrophotometric method for the determination of free and conjugated 1,8-naphthalic acid in urine has been developed and has been used in the study of the metabolism of the acenaphthene-1,2-diols.
(2) The similarity of the side-chain characteristics of 1,4-dihydroxy-5,8-bis[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]- anthraquinone (DHAQ), discovered by us in 1978, and those of the N-substituted imides of 3-nitro-1,8-naphthalic acid, discovered by other investigators recently, led us to conduct a systematic study on the N-(aminoalkyl)-substituted derivatives of a variety of imides.
(3) Two new antitumour drugs, imide derivatives of 3-nitro-1,8-naphthalic acid having different basic side chains linked to the imide nitrogen, have been shown to bind to double-helical DNA by intercalation.
(4) Preliminary biological activity screening indicated that N-(dialkylaminoethyl)imides of the 3,6-dinitro- and 3,6-diamino-1,8-naphthalic acid system possessed prominent antileukemia and antimelanoma activity in both in vitro and in vivo experimental tumor systems.
(5) 1,8-Naphthalic acid has been isolated as its anhydride from the urine of the dosed animals.
(6) However, microsomes isolated from shoots of seeds pretreated with naphthalic anhydride formed a single bentazon metabolite when provided with NADPH.
(7) Antidote 1,8-naphthalic anhydride increased by a factor of 2 the cellular level of glutathione.
(8) Terbinafine [(E)-N(6,6-dimethyl-2-hepten-4-ynyl)-N-methyl-1-naphthale nemethanamine], an antimycotic agent that inhibits fungal squalene epoxidase activity, was examined for its effects on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-stimulated aortic smooth muscle cell DNA synthesis in vitro and neointimal proliferation in vivo.
(9) Results agree well with those obtained by Trinder's naphthal-hydroxamic acid precipitation method.
(10) Possible mechanisms for the microsomal ring-fission, involving 1,8-naphthalic aldehyde, are discussed.
(11) 1,8-Naphthalic acid was detected and isolated after microsomal incubations of the diols.
(12) Amonafide, one of a series of imide derivatives of 1,8-naphthalic acid synthesized by Brana et al.
(13) 1.14.14.1) and that a seed pretreatment with naphthalic anhydride is necessary for recovery of activity in vitro.