(n.) A white crystalline aromatic hydrocarbon, C10H8, analogous to benzene, and obtained by the distillation of certain bituminous materials, such as the heavy oil of coal tar. It is the type and basis of a large number of derivatives among organic compounds. Formerly called also naphthaline.
Example Sentences:
(1) The formation of 1-naphthol from naphthalene was investigated in rat brain 105,000 g particulate fraction.
(2) Synthesis of hexabromonaphthalenes (HBNs) by direct bromination of naphthalene results in a mixture of two isomers.
(3) Trospectomycin sulphate, a novel analogue of spectinomycin, was compared to spectinomycin, tetracycline, lincosamide, macrolide, quinolone and naphthalenic ansamycin-class antibiotics for in-vitro activity against Mycoplasma pneumoniae, M. hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum.
(4) After prolonged adaptation of strain BN6 to growth on 6A2NS, this organism readily converted all naphthalene-2-sulfonates with OH- or NH2-substituents in the 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-position.
(5) In contrast to wild-type F1 adenosine triphosphatase, the beta subunits of soluble ATPase from Escherichia coli mutant strains AN120 (uncA401) and AN939 (uncD412) were not labeled by the fluorescent thiol-specific reagents 5-iodoacetamidofluorescein, 2-(4'-iodoacetamidoanilino)naphthalene-6-sulfonic acid or 4-[N-(iodoacetoxy)ethyl-N-methyl]amino-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole.
(6) In all cases, naphthalene was metabolised to a covalently bound product(s) and to two major methanol-soluble products, which co-chromatographed with 1-naphthol and 1,2-dihydro-1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene.
(7) The degradation of 3- and 4-HBs by these strains is therefore analogous to the metabolism of biphenyl, 2-HB, and naphthalene in the requirement for 2,3-catechol formation.
(8) The gamma-crystallin fractions II, III and IV from calf eye lens were treated with the thiol-specific fluorescent probe 2-(4'-maleimidylanilino)naphthalene-6-sulfonate (MIANS), in order to determine the reactivity of the seven (gamma-II) or six (gamma-III, gamma-IV) cysteine residues.
(9) Pinwheel inclusions (PWs) were found in cells of callus tissue derived from explants of secondary phloem parenchyma of carrot (Daucus carota) storage root and grown on a basal medium containing zeatin and indoleacetic acid or coconut milk, naphthalene acetic acid, or combinations of these.
(10) The organic portion of this structure demonstrates near-C2 symmetry with a pseudo-twofold axis coincident with the central C-C naphthalene ring bond.
(11) The m-xylene-adapted microorganisms in the aquifer column degraded toluene, benzaldehyde, benzoate, m-toluylaldehyde, m-toluate, m-cresol, p-cresol, and p-hydroxybenzoate but were unable to metabolize benzene, naphthalene, methylcyclohexane, and 1,3-dimethylcyclohexane.
(12) The absorbed and in the urine excreted 14C-activities are measured with a scintillation spectrophotometer and scintillator composed of 2,5-diphenyloxazole(POP), 1,4-bis-(4-methyl-5-phenyl-2-oxazolyl)benzene (dimethyl-POPOP), naphthalene, toluene and ethyleneglycol monomethylether.
(13) To examine this question in detail, intracellular glutathione levels were monitored in mouse hepatocytes incubated in the presence of various concentrations of naphthalene.
(14) A proprietary insecticidal mulesing powder containing diazinon and an experimental liquid dressing based on eucalyptus oil, naphthalene, cresylic acid and chlorfenvinphos in a carrier of liquid hydrocarbons and petroleum oil were compared for their ability to promote wound healing and reduce the incidence of fly strike in freshly mulesed lambs.
(15) Rates of mineralization were observed, as follows, for [14C]hexadecane greater than [14C]naphthalene greater than [14C]toluene greater than [14C]cyclohexane.
(16) Salicylic acid which accumulated as a product of naphthalene catabolism in the cultural broth of the wild strain was found to undergo further oxidation by the population of growing cells.
(17) Previous studies have demonstrated the formation of three glutathione conjugates during the hepatic and pulmonary microsomal metabolism of naphthalene in the presence of reduced glutathione and cytosolic enzymes containing the glutathione transferases.
(18) The ability of P. putida, strain NCIB 9816, to grow with naphthalene (Nah+) and salicylate (Sal+) is correlated with the presence of an 83 kilobase (kb) conjugative plasmid (pDTG1).
(19) Adjacent organic anions are separated by the Li+ ions and their coordination polyhedra, with the water molecules occupying positions above and below the naphthalene rings and participating in a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network.
(20) The minor isomer is definitively identified as 2,3,4,5,6,7-HBN by high-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analysis of brominated [1-13C]naphthalene-derived products.
Naphthol
Definition:
(n.) Any one of a series of hydroxyl derivatives of naphthalene, analogous to phenol. In general they are crystalline substances with a phenol (carbolic) odor.
Example Sentences:
(1) The formation of 1-naphthol from naphthalene was investigated in rat brain 105,000 g particulate fraction.
(2) These procedures gave about 39-fold purification and 11.5% yield of the transferase activity toward 1-naphthol.
(3) In all cases, naphthalene was metabolised to a covalently bound product(s) and to two major methanol-soluble products, which co-chromatographed with 1-naphthol and 1,2-dihydro-1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene.
(4) Phagocytic activity of the reticuloendothelial system (RES) and blood cholinesterase activity were determined in male rats after veinous administrations of carbaryl and 1-naphthol, a carbaryl metabolite.
(5) Introduction of the UDP moiety in the triphenylalcohols increased their inhibition potency markedly toward the isoforms which glucuronidate 1-naphthol and testosterone, but strongly decreased that toward bilirubin.
(6) Leukocyte microsomal HMG-CoA reductase, first immobilized onto a nitrocellulose filter, is sequentially reacted with 1) monospecific, polyclonal rabbit anti-rat liver HMG-CoA reductase antiserum, which crossreacts with the human liver and leukocyte enzymes; 2) biotinylated donkey anti-rabbit immunoglobulin; 3) a streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate; and 4) 4-chloro-1-naphthol and H2O2 to visualize the quantity of horseradish peroxidase bound to the immunocomplex.
(7) This formation of 1,4-NQ was dependent upon hypoxanthine, xanthine oxidase, and 1-naphthol and was inhibited by the addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) demonstrating that the conversion was O2-mediated.
(8) Using PAH as a marker for the maximal extractable perfusion flow, 1-naphthol could be regarded as a high-extraction compound even at high perfusion flow rates.
(9) Activation of human neutrophils with opsonized particles in the presence of a nontoxic dose of 1-naphthol resulted in inhibition of superoxide anion production but not of the phagocytotic activity of the cells.
(10) Glucuronidation of 1-naphthol and estrone attained 87% and 44% of adult activity at 22 days of gestation, 37% and 66% in six-day-old rats and 100% and 427% of adult activity in 22-day-old rats, respectively.
(11) Polymorphism of placental alkaline phosphatase (PL) was investigated in 120 Japanese placentae by means of starch gel electrophoresis and an improved staining method for the isoenzymes using naphthol AS-MX phosphate as substrate instead of beta-naphthyl phosphate.
(12) Several human myeloma cell populations were studied using a combination of cytochemical (Unna-Pappenheim and naphthol yellow staining, Feulgen reaction) and autoradiographical (uridine, leucine, thymidine uptake and actinomycin binding) techniques.
(13) It was concluded that the use of 4-chloro-1 naphthol to develop the primary sequence peroxidase and of 3-amino-9-ethyl carbazole for the second sequence peroxidase was the most suitable.
(14) Glucuronidation of 1-naphthol, bilirubin but not of testosterone could be followed in the microsomal fraction.
(15) Colonies derived from mouse bone marrow cells in plasma clot culture were classified as granulocyte (CFU-g) or macrophage (CFU-m) precursors by peroxidase and naphthol AS acetate (NASA) esterase staining, respectively.
(16) The distributions of lipid, glycogen, peroxidase, acid and alkaline phosphatases, beta-glucuronidase and naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase have been studied in the cells of peripheral smears from the wall ghecko and the crocodile.
(17) In neither the mouse nor the rat did 1-naphthol cause a depletion of non-protein sulphydryl levels or tissue damage in the liver, lung or kidney.
(18) Authentic 14C1-naphthyl-labeled N-CH2OH-carbaryl was shown to be converted to desmethylcarbaryl (1-naphthylcarbamate) 97%) and 1-naphthol (3%) by 0.1N HCl hydrolysis.
(19) Alkaline phosphatase was visualized using a Fast Red naphthol-capture method and the sections were counterstained with haematoxylin.
(20) Neutrophils and monocytes of coronary patients and healthy subjects were investigated for activity of alpha-naphthylacetate esterase, naphthol--AS--D+chloroacetate esterase, alpha-naphthylbutyrate esterase.