What's the difference between naphthalic and phthalic?
Naphthalic
Definition:
(a.) Pertaining to, derived from, or related to, naphthalene; -- used specifically to denote any one of a series of acids derived from naphthalene, and called naphthalene acids.
(a.) Formerly, designating an acid probably identical with phthalic acid.
Example Sentences:
(1) A spectrophotometric method for the determination of free and conjugated 1,8-naphthalic acid in urine has been developed and has been used in the study of the metabolism of the acenaphthene-1,2-diols.
(2) The similarity of the side-chain characteristics of 1,4-dihydroxy-5,8-bis[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]- anthraquinone (DHAQ), discovered by us in 1978, and those of the N-substituted imides of 3-nitro-1,8-naphthalic acid, discovered by other investigators recently, led us to conduct a systematic study on the N-(aminoalkyl)-substituted derivatives of a variety of imides.
(3) Two new antitumour drugs, imide derivatives of 3-nitro-1,8-naphthalic acid having different basic side chains linked to the imide nitrogen, have been shown to bind to double-helical DNA by intercalation.
(4) Preliminary biological activity screening indicated that N-(dialkylaminoethyl)imides of the 3,6-dinitro- and 3,6-diamino-1,8-naphthalic acid system possessed prominent antileukemia and antimelanoma activity in both in vitro and in vivo experimental tumor systems.
(5) 1,8-Naphthalic acid has been isolated as its anhydride from the urine of the dosed animals.
(6) However, microsomes isolated from shoots of seeds pretreated with naphthalic anhydride formed a single bentazon metabolite when provided with NADPH.
(7) Antidote 1,8-naphthalic anhydride increased by a factor of 2 the cellular level of glutathione.
(8) Terbinafine [(E)-N(6,6-dimethyl-2-hepten-4-ynyl)-N-methyl-1-naphthale nemethanamine], an antimycotic agent that inhibits fungal squalene epoxidase activity, was examined for its effects on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-stimulated aortic smooth muscle cell DNA synthesis in vitro and neointimal proliferation in vivo.
(9) Results agree well with those obtained by Trinder's naphthal-hydroxamic acid precipitation method.
(10) Possible mechanisms for the microsomal ring-fission, involving 1,8-naphthalic aldehyde, are discussed.
(11) 1,8-Naphthalic acid was detected and isolated after microsomal incubations of the diols.
(12) Amonafide, one of a series of imide derivatives of 1,8-naphthalic acid synthesized by Brana et al.
(13) 1.14.14.1) and that a seed pretreatment with naphthalic anhydride is necessary for recovery of activity in vitro.
Phthalic
Definition:
(a.) Pertaining to, or designating, a dibasic acid obtained by the oxidation of naphthalene and allied substances.
Example Sentences:
(1) Bronchial provocation studies using alcoholic-saline solutions of phthalic anhydride and phthalic anhydride dust resulted in immediate airway obstruction.
(2) We have evaluated three chemicals using this scheme: phthalic anhydride, reactive black b dye, and toluene diisocyanate.
(3) Phthalic acid esters concentration-dependently inhibited the formation of both cyclo-oxygenase and lipoxygenase arachidonate products by rat peritoneal leucocytes.
(4) ELISA method was used by phthalic anhydride conjugated to human serum albumin antigen.
(5) Acylation of phenol with succinic, glutaric, trans-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic, maleic, phthalic, and cis-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic anhydrides in anhydrous acetic acid generally resulted in phenyl acetate as the major product.
(6) Pretreatment for the determination of phthalic acid, mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in human serum or plasma, and the determination of these compounds in blood products by high-performance liquid chromatography was studied.
(7) Most unexpectedly, phthalic acid (1,2-benzene dicarboxylic acid), which lacks a nitrogen, also evoked [3H]acetylcholine release from striatal slices, apparently by acting at NMDA-type receptors.
(8) For cerebrospinal fluid samples, the mobile phase is modified by addition of 10% of a 4 mM phthalic acid solution.
(9) In two patients a new photoallergen has, perhaps, been discovered, namely a derivative of phthalic acid which is employed as fungicidal pesticide.
(10) Urine was assayed by a method that would measure unchanged DEHP as well as all phthalic acid-containing metabolites.
(11) Four groups of four Macaca fascicularis monkeys were administered 10 consecutive weekly subcutaneous injections of 2 mg aluminum hydroxide plus one of the following: 200 micrograms of phthalic anhydride (PA)-monkey serum albumin (PA-MSA, group 1); 200 micrograms of PA dissolved in ethanol-saline (EtOH-sal, group 2); 200 micrograms of MSA (group 3); or EtOH-sal alone (group 4).
(12) Quinolinic acid, dipicolinic acid and phthalic acid were moderately potent inhibitors (Kl = approximately equal to 100 microM) of the specific binding of 2-[3H]amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid a compound thought to be a competitive antagonist of NMDA-type receptors.
(13) Despite its lack of a nitrogen and low intrinsic activity, intrastriatal injection of phthalic acid produced axon-sparing lesions of intrinsic cell bodies, like quinolinic acid as assessed by neurochemical and histologic methods.
(14) DBP and its metabolites, MBP and phthalic acid, did not produce any striking effect upon hepatic and serum enzyme activities in vitro.
(15) Six simple benzene derivatives (aniline, anisole, benzoic acid, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, and phthalic anhydride) and other important specialty chemicals: hexachlorobenzene, pentachlorophenol, 2,6-diethylaniline, and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol were also chosen for study of environmental behavior and fate in the model aquatic ecosystem.
(16) Water-soluble adjuvant treated with phthalic or succinic anhydride was shown to be an adjuvant when administered in saline.
(17) The [14C]Ga-PcS compounds were prepared via the condensation of [14C]phthalic acid and sulfophthalic acid in the presence of gallium chloride and characterized by their spectroscopic and chromatographic properties.
(18) Circulating concentrations of the biologically active products of DEHP de-esterification, viz., mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and phthalic acid, were also determined during the dialysis session.
(19) Under conditions of exposure where both chemicals elicited an IgG anti-hapten antibody response, only phthalic anhydride caused an increase in the serum concentration of IgE.
(20) The method has potential for biological monitoring of workers exposed to phthalic anhydride.