(n.) Mortification or gangrene of bone, or the death of a bone or portion of a bone in mass, as opposed to its death by molecular disintegration. See Caries.
(n.) A disease of trees, in which the branches gradually dry up from the bark to the center.
Example Sentences:
(1) After stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and calcium ionophore A23187, culture supernatants of clones c18A and c29A showed cytotoxic activity against human melanoma A375 Met-Mix and other cell lines which were resistant to the tumor necrosis factor, lymphotoxin and interleukin 1.
(2) Ethanol and L-ethionine induce acute steatosis without necrosis, whereas azaserine, carbon tetrachloride, and D-galactosamine are known to produce steatosis with varying degrees of hepatic necrosis.
(3) Light microscopic studies of pancreata from mice sacrificed at this time demonstrated insulitis and beta cell necrosis.
(4) report the complications registered, in particular: lead's displacing 6.2%, run away 0.7%, marked hyperthermya 0.0%, haemorrage 0.4%, wound dehiscence 0.3%, asectic necrosis by decubitus 5%, septic necrosis 0.3%, perforation of the heart 0.2%, pulmonary embolism 0.1%.
(5) Early stabilisation may not ensure normal development but even early splinting carries a small risk of avascular necrosis.
(6) The lesion (10.6 X 9.8 mm) was a well-defined ellipsoid granuloma due to a foreign body with a central zone of necrosis surrounded entirely by a fibrous wall.
(7) In the case presented, overdistension of a jejunostomy catheter balloon led to intestinal obstruction and pressure necrosis (of the small bowel), with subsequent abscess formation leading to death from septicemia.
(8) Tumour necrosis factor (TNF), a polypeptide produced by mononuclear phagocytes, has been implicated as an important mediator of inflammatory processes and of clinical manifestations in acute infectious diseases.
(9) Preincubation of human neutrophils with recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha has previously been shown by us to enhance superoxide production of neutrophils in response to the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, and the phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate.
(10) We studied the chemotaxis of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and monocytes and the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha by monocytes of patients with juvenile periodontitis (JP).
(11) Normal cultured human epidermal melanocytes and melanoma cells derived from three different malignant melanomas were examined for synthesis of extracellular matrix components before and after treatment for one day with interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, or both.
(12) Diminished CMD was most common with AR (7 of 12) but was also seen with acute tubular necrosis (2 of 6) and cyclosporin toxicity (2 of 3).
(13) Histopathological studies confirmed that mice fed 933cu-rev died from bilateral renal cortical tubular necrosis consistent with toxic insult, perhaps due to Shiga-like toxins.
(14) A constellation of histologic lesions was identified in brain (diffuse meningoencephalitis with bilaterally symmetrical thalamic necrosis), liver (pericholangiohepatitis), lung (pneumonitis), and spleen (lymphoid hyperplasia); this tetrad is apparently unique to this model system.
(15) The authors discuss the results of the diagnosis and treatment of abscesses of the right hepatic lobe which were consequent upon ischemic necrosis; they were encountered after cholecystectomy in 0.15% of cases.
(16) In the univariate life-table analysis, recurrence-free survival was significantly related to age, pTNM category, tumour size, presence of certain growth patterns, tumour necrosis, tumour infiltration in surrounding thyroid tissue and thyroid gland capsule, lymph node metastases, presence of extra-nodal tumour growth and number of positive lymph nodes, whereas only tumour diameter, thyroid gland capsular infiltration and presence of extra-nodal tumour growth remained as significant prognostic factors in the multivariate analysis.
(17) Excessive accumulation of hydrogen ions in the brain may play a pivotal role in initiating the necrosis seen in infarction and following hyperglycemic augmentation of ischemic brain damage.
(18) Histopathological observations demonstrated that OB-5 inhibited the incidence of crescent formation, adhesion and fibrinoid necrosis in the glomeruli by the 41st day.
(19) In 17 patients with femoral neck fractures who were between 15 and 40 years old the incidence of aseptic necrosis in patients followed more than 2 years was 18.7 per cent.
(20) Many of the pathophysiologic effects of bacterial endotoxin have recently been attributed to a monokine, tumor necrosis factor (TNF).
Sequestrum
Definition:
(n.) A portion of dead bone which becomes separated from the sound portion, as in necrosis.
Example Sentences:
(1) The second case concerns a 11 year-old boy who, after having complained from pain of the right wrist during 2 weeks, presented with swelling and on X-ray films a picture of metaphyso-epiphyseal lysis and an aspect of sequestrum in its center.
(2) After platinectomy and excision of a bony sequestrum, there remained only a large fossa with an area equivalent to 3 times that of a usual fenestra ovale.
(3) Direct local thrombolysis with low-dose Urokinase resulted in partial recanalisation with an excellent clinical result despite the persistence of an endovenous sequestrum situated at the catheter tip, a sequela of previous thrombosis.
(4) This may be explained by a different condition of the adipocytes in the sequestrum.
(5) The retained eruption sequestrum may lead to pericoronitis or pit and fissure caries.
(6) Unlike a simple fungus ball (the saprophytic form of aspergillosis), the rounded density of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis consists of sequestrum of devitalized lung tissue owing to blood vessel invasion by Aspergillus hyphae.
(7) The most frequent pulmonary cysts in this series were the bronchogenic and patients with parasitic cysts, lobe emphysema and pulmonary sequestrum were excluded.
(8) A slight loss of crestal alveolar bone occurred in the experimental areas and a bone sequestrum formed in one instance.
(9) Complications included skin loss (5 horses), laminitis of the affected limb (2 horses), laminitis of the contralateral limb (4 horses), osteomyelitis and sequestrum formation (2 horses), and bacteremia (1 horse).
(11) A case of osteomyelitis with a typical sequestrum of the alveolar bone, occurred three months after the extraction of the corresponding tooth, is reported.
(12) In Patient 1, septic arthritis and juxta-articular osteomyelitis with sequestrum formation were demonstrated by CT four weeks before abnormalities were shown on a roentgenogram.
(13) The only role of surgery is incision and drainage of a post-auricular abscess and removal of sequestrum if present.
(14) Sequestrectomy should be reserved for cases where a sequestrum and adequate involucrum can be seen on X-ray.
(15) Protein concentration was determined, using the Bradford technique, in tears from cats with normal corneas and from cats with corneal sequestrum.
(16) Two patterns occur: a localized involvement of the tympanic plate which resolves after the spontaneous separation of a sequestrum of bone, and a more diffuse necrosis of the temporal bone with a high risk of involvement of adjacent structures, in particular the brain, labyrinth and facial nerve and to a lesser extent the temporomandibular joint and the parotid gland.
(17) On the border between the two areas hypervascularity produces a zone of fragility where microfractures develop with detachment of a sequestrum.
(18) The radiographs may demonstrate an eggshell appearance, a sequestrum, marked sclerosis, or cystic changes.
(19) In most cases, SI analysis of nonenhanced T1- and T2-weighted images allows the differentiation of hypervascularized viable tissue from hypovascularized necrotic tissue of the sequestrum.
(20) The infant presented with Livedo reticularis and an ulcer on the right forearm since birth; the underlying radius and ulna showed osteomyelitic changes with sequestrum formation and a pathological fracture.