What's the difference between nephridial and nephridium?
Nephridial
Definition:
(a.) Of or pertaining to a nephridium.
Example Sentences:
(1) Injection of fluorescent lineage tracers reveals that this clone consists of a precisely defined set of uniquely identifiable neuronal, epidermal, and nephridial descendants and that each of the first three o blast cell divisions brings about a reproducible segregation of these descendant cell fates.
(2) The tubules anastomosed and were directed posteriorly into the region of the nephridial-contractile vacuole system.
(3) Recent analysis of the mechanism of the nephridial apparatus of Paramecium multimicronucleatum by high-speed cinematography (300 fps at x 250) confirms the observations by electron microscopy (Schneider, 1960) that once the pore is opened, the vesicle is invaginated by adjacent cytoplasm and is emptied by collapsing under pressure from that cytoplasm, aided perhaps by pressure of the fibrils which anchor the ampullae to the excretory canal.
(4) The SIS-peptide system innervates the pericardium, the nephridial gland, the reno-pericardial canal, the ureter, the spermoviduct and gonadal acini, the anterior aorta, the ventral buccal artery, and the penis protractor muscle.
(5) The nephridial nerve cells of the leech, Hirudo medicinalis, 34 sensory cells, each associated with one nephridium, are sensitive to changes in extracellular Cl- concentration, an important factor in ion homeostasis.
(6) Labyrinth and nephridial canal cells of the crayfish (Orconectes virilis) antennal gland possess two types of intercellular junctions revealed by freeze-fracture studies.
(7) Urea may be synthesized in the hepatopancreas of this snail and excreted through the nephridia with the nephridial fluid during the active period of the animals life.
(8) The presence of podocytes in the wall of the sacculus and the fact that the epithelium of the nephridial tubule has the ultrastructural characteristics of resorbing cells, indicate that this is an "ultrafiltration-reabsorption" kidney.
(9) At physiological Cl- concentrations (36 mM extracellular Cl-), the nephridial nerve cell has a high resting conductance for Cl- and the membrane potential is governed by Cl-.
(10) Using single-electrode current- and voltage clamp and ion substitution techniques, the specificity and mechanism of Cl- sensitivity of the nephridial nerve cell was studied in isolated preparations.
(11) During their evolution, some nephridial functions are performed by the vicarious emonctory organs.
(12) Previous studies have shown that homologous o blast cells give rise to an almost identical complement of descendant cells in each of the 21 abdominal segments, but that one o blast cell derivative--the distalmost cell of the nephridial tubule--is only present in 15 abdominal segments in the mature leech.
(13) The excretory bladder is located on the inside mid-dorsal surface of the bell wall and is serviced by 2 nephridial canals--1 from each of 2 capsular protonephridia.
(14) Three nephridial designs have been described: 1) dendritic type, organized as branches of a tree where each final branch terminates in a ciliated bulb; 2) capsular type, in which all ciliated bulbs empty directly into a common chamber; and 3) rudimentary type, consisting of a single cell with a patent ciliary pouch but no ducts to the outside.
(15) Under these conditions, membrane potential is dominated by the K+ distribution and the nephridial nerve cell hyperpolarizes towards EK.
(16) Our recent analysis of the nephridial apparatus of Paramecium multimicronucleatum by high-speed cinematography (300 fps at X 250) indicates that before the water expulsion vesicle ("contractile vacuole") is completely voided of fluid during expulsion, the ampullae surrounding and confluent with the vesicle swell with fluid entering from their respective nephridial tubules.
Nephridium
Definition:
(n.) A segmental tubule; one of the tubules of the primitive urinogenital organs; a segmental organ. See Illust. under Loeven's larva.
Example Sentences:
(1) The nephridial nerve cells of the leech, Hirudo medicinalis, 34 sensory cells, each associated with one nephridium, are sensitive to changes in extracellular Cl- concentration, an important factor in ion homeostasis.
(2) However, in segments which normally do not contain the mesodermal portion of the nephridium, the distal tubule cell dies before undergoing its terminal morphological differentiation.