(n.) The brain and spinal cord; the cerebro-spinal axis; myelencephalon.
Example Sentences:
(1) Therefore, these findings may extend the use of platelets as neuronal models.
(2) Although solely nociresponsive neurons are clearly likely to fill a role in the processing and signalling of pain in the conscious central nervous system, the way in which such useful specificity could be conveyed by multireceptive neurons is difficult to appreciate.
(3) On the other hand, after exposure to BrdUrd, neuron specific enolase decreased in NB-1 and SK-N-DZ and increased in GOTO.
(4) The present findings indicate that the deafferented [or isolated] hypothalamus remains neuronally isolated from the environment if the operation is carried out later than the end of the first week of life.
(5) This modulation results from repetitive, alternating bursts of excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials, which are caused at least in part by synaptic feedback to the command neurons from identified classes of neurons in the feeding network.
(6) However, the firing of 5-HT neurons appears to relate to the state of vigilance of the animal.
(7) As prolongation of the action potential by TEA facilitates preferentially the hormone release evoked by low (ineffective) frequencies, it is suggested that a frequency-dependent broadening of action potentials which reportedly occurs on neurosecretory neurones may play an important role in the frequency-dependent facilitation of hormone release from the rat neurohypophysis.
(8) Two small populations of GLY + neurons were observed outside of the named nuclei of the SOC; one was located dorsal to the LSO, near its dorsal hilus, and the other was identified near the medial pole of the LSO.
(9) Based on our results, we propose the following hypotheses for the neurochemical mechanisms of motion sickness: (1) the histaminergic neuron system is involved in the signs and symptoms of motion sickness, including vomiting; (2) the acetylcholinergic neuron system is involved in the processes of habituation to motion sickness, including neural store mechanisms; and (3) the catecholaminergic neuron system in the brain stem is not related to the development of motion sickness.
(10) Thus, it appears that neuronal loss may account for up to roughly half of the striatal D2 receptor loss during aging.
(11) This report is an overview of the data and has incorporated some additional findings of the influence of the ACTH4-9 analog, Org2766, on neuronal excitation, especially in the hippocampus.
(12) The results are consistent with our previous suggestion that lethality for virulent SFV infection results from a lethal threshold of damage to neurons in the CNS and that attenuating mutations may reduce neuronal damage below this threshold level.
(13) We conclude that the rat somatosympathetic reflex consists of an early excitatory component due to the early activation of RVL-spinal sympathoexcitatory neurons with rapidly conducting axons and a later peak that may arise from the late activation of these same neurons as well as the early activation of RVL vasomotor neurons with more slowly conducting spinal axons.
(14) We conclude that neuronal activities in the region of the retrofacial nucleus are important both in the integration of stimuli from the central chemoreceptors and in defining the discharge patterns of respiratory neurons.
(15) In electrophysiological studies with neurons of Lymnaea stagnalis, THA inhibited the slow outward K+ current and consequently increased the duration of the action potentials.
(16) In the ultrastructural analysis, GABA-like immunoreactivity (GABA-LI) was detected in neuronal perikarya, dendrites, axons, and axon terminals.
(17) Two weeks later, the IL-3-treated animals showed significant numbers of acetylcholinesterase-positive neurons remaining in the septal region.
(18) The data indicate that adult neurons with an intrinsic ability to regenerate axons can respond to substances with neurotrophic or neurite-promoting activities in tissue cultures.
(19) The axons of A5, RPoOl and RaD neurons exhibit no lateral predominance in their spinal projections.
(20) Intramembrane particles (IMP) were quantitatively assessed in the perikaryal plasma membranes of infundibular neurons.
Neurosis
Definition:
(n.) A functional nervous affection or disease, that is, a disease of the nerves without any appreciable change of nerve structure.
Example Sentences:
(1) In depression neurosis, neurasthenia and anxiety neurosis the scale 2 (D) increases dominantly; in hysteria, the scale 3 (HY); in hypochondria, the scale 1 (HS); in phobic and compulsion neurosis, the scale 7.
(2) Patients in these categories who are also in crisis or have a neurotic problem for which the development of a transference neurosis is indicated may require individual therapy instead of or in addition to group therapy.
(3) These findings reveal that these former microelectronics workers manifested affective and personality disturbances, consistent with organic solvent toxicity, which persisted over a two year period, indicating that they were not reactive, transient hysterical neurosis.
(4) Five patients (14 per cent) improved dramatically; in retrospect, four of these five patients suffered from nonremitting forms of manic-depressive illness, and the fifth patient suffered from a severe obsessive compulsive neurosis.
(5) Several examples of the manifest dreams reported by a patient with a compulsive neurosis are presented.
(6) This shift is thought to parallel the oscillation between unconscious instinctual gratification and conscious attempts at reparation which is the main dynamic feature of the compulsive neurosis in waking life.
(7) A similar profile was obtained for subjects admitted for a depressive neurosis, in support of the continuum hypothesis between anxiety and depression.
(8) As fear neuroses, they have to be separated from wishful neurosis (hysterical neurosis).
(9) Induction of experimental neurosis (by collision of the alimentary and avoidance reflex) gave rise to changes not only in the output of HCl and gastric proteinases, but also in the ratio of macromolecular substances.
(10) It screens for the DSM-III criterion-based diagnostic categories of neurosis (dysphoric, compulsive, anxious), somatization, conduct disorder (antisocial, violent), and hyperactivity.
(11) With the aid of a feedback towards an increase in the EEG intensity, adaptive regulation of brain biopotentials (alpha-rhythm) was conducted in 22 patients with different forms of neurosis.
(12) Based on quotations from Freuds writings on the actual neurosis and quotations from Schultz-Henckes writings on neurasthenia and nervousness, the psychodynamics of psychovegetative disturbances are demonstrated through an examplatory case.
(13) There were 54 cases of somaticised anxiety (brain fag); 22 cases of depressive neurosis characterised by hypochondriasis, cognitive complaints, and culturally determined paranoid ideation; 23 cases of 'hysteria' in the form of dissociative states, pseudoseizures and fugues; and 39 cases of brief reactive psychosis which differed from the dissociative states more in duration and intensity than in form.
(14) However, patients within the categories of reactive psychosis and neurosis who received antidepressants also had a low coefficient of variation, although the neurotics were significantly more depressed than the manic-depressives at discharge from hospital.
(15) The semantic differential also shows that the various 'zones' tested by the inducive words are neither equally affected by neurosis nor equally modified by treatment.
(16) Prevalence of "obsessive neurosis" was higher in London as compared to Lari and Athens, while the opposite was true for "generalized anxiety".
(17) The disease entity which lies between neurosis and psychosis is delineated based on pathogenesis and symptome.
(18) The classification was made by paired comparison of the following four diagnoses: schizophrenia, paranoid form (n = 45), schizophrenia, unspecified form (n = 47), depressive psychosis (n = 44), and depressive neurosis (n = 53).
(19) The influence of experimental neurosis due to repeated conflict situations on blood pressure was studied in male monkeys.
(20) Finally the applicability of neurosis profiles from PSKB scales is delineated in the light of examples from our own investigations.