(n.) A white crystalline semitransparent salt; potassium nitrate; saltpeter. See Saltpeter.
(n.) Native sodium carbonate; natron.
(n.) See Niter.
Example Sentences:
(1) The fast activation rates obtained by the photorelease of Ca2+ from nitr-5 are similar to those obtained with skinned skeletal fibres of actin-regulated muscle.
(2) The "caged" calcium chelator Nitr-5 was incorporated into isolated rat ventricular myocytes.
(3) First, nitr-5, a photolabile nitrobenzhydrol tetracarboxylate calcium chelator, which releases calcium in response to ultraviolet light, was used.
(4) This paper introduces nitr-2, a new Ca2+ chelator designed to release Ca2+ upon illumination with near UV (300-400 nm) light.
(5) Laser-induced photolysis of the caged calcium molecule, nitr-5, was used to generate a rapid jump in free Ca2+ (within 1 ms) at the site of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, thus overcoming delays due to Ca2+ diffusion from the bathing solution.
(6) Nitr-5 or the related compounds nitr-2 and nitr-7, complexed with Ca2+, were introduced into rat sympathetic ganglion cells by dialysis from a patch pipette electrode operating in the whole-cell, voltage-clamp mode.
(7) A quantitative estimate of the spatial distribution of intracellular [Ca2+] changes in large cells filled with a high concentration of nitr-2 and exposed to an intense UV flash is offered.
(8) The fluorescence properties of the calcium indicators Fura-2 and Fluo-3 have been investigated in the presence of the 'caged calcium' photolabile chelators Nitr-5 and DM-nitrophen.
(9) To overcome diffusion delays, rapid increases in the concentrations of Ca2+ and Ins(1,4,5)P3 were produced by laser photolysis of "caged Ca2+" (Nitr-5) and "caged Ins(1,4,5)P3".
(10) The method consisted of equilibrating a myofibrillar bundle (100 micrograms diameter) in a solution containing 0.1 mM-nitr-5 (initial pCa 6.8-6.6) and then exposing it to a UV laser pulse.
(11) By increasing the laser pulse energy or the initial Ca2+ loading of the nitr-5, the post-photolysis pCa was varied from 6.7 to 6.0; the CICR response increased in size over this pCa range.
(12) In intact muscles loaded with the photolabile Ca2+ chelator, nitr-5, photo-activated release of Ca2+ during the slow wave cycle produced changes consistent with activation of Ca2(+)-dependent outward currents.
(13) Nitr-5 was loaded into the hair cell by incubation with the membrane-permeable form of the compound (nitr-5 AM).
(14) Fluo-3 can also be microinjected into fibroblasts along with photolabile compounds such as nitr-5 and caged inositol trisphosphate for photorelease experiments.
(15) Although IM is not primarily Ca2+ dependent, small increases in [Ca2+]i by photolysis of the "caged" Ca2+ chelator nitr-5 or by evoking action potentials augmented, while larger increases inhibited, IM.
(16) Each flash-evoked current rose rapidly to a peak and decayed to half in 3-12 s. Our model mimicked this behavior when it included diffusion of calcium and nitr perpendicular to the surface of the neuron facing the flashlamp.
(17) To delineate the roles of presynaptic potential and calcium entry in transmitter release, we have used nitr-5, a photolabile calcium chelator, and a voltage-clamp technique to control intracellular calcium and membrane potential independently at a synapse formed between cell bodies of cultured neurons of the fresh water snail Helisoma trivolvis.
(18) In contrast, Ca2+ photorelease from nitr-5 had a biphasic effect: a small, rapid inactivation of the Ca2+ current was followed by a slow potentiation.
(19) We have studied calcium-activated potassium current, IK(Ca), and calcium-activated nonspecific cation current, INS(Ca), in Aplysia bursting pacemaker neurons, using photolysis of a calcium chelator (nitr-5 or nitr-7) to release "caged calcium" intracellularly.
(20) Light-induced Ca2+ release from the Ca2+ complex of Nitr-5 altered the FTIR spectra of sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles and purified Ca(2+)-ATPase preparations.
Saltpetre
Definition:
(n.) Potassium nitrate; niter; a white crystalline substance, KNO3, having a cooling saline taste, obtained by leaching from certain soils in which it is produced by the process of nitrification (see Nitrification, 2). It is a strong oxidizer, is the chief constituent of gunpowder, and is also used as an antiseptic in curing meat, and in medicine as a diuretic, diaphoretic, and refrigerant.
Example Sentences:
(1) Buy as little as possible – even 50g will be enough for several fully grown pigs – and weigh it carefully, as saltpetre is toxic in high doses.
(2) Obviously, the change from vegetable dyes to saltpetre for the coloring or color preservation, respectively, of meat occurred between 1600 and 1750, probably near 1700.
(3) For each kilo of meat, you'll need 30g salt, 10-30g sugar (depending how sweet you like your bacon), up to 10g of whatever dried herbs and spices you fancy – much more if you're using fresh – and just 0.25g to 1g of saltpetre, AKA potassium nitrate or KN03.
(4) Its features are comparable but not quite identical with those of Christensen's saltpetre-induced PXE which the author considers to be an exogenous variety of pseudoxanthoma elasticum.
(5) In order to settle the question of when saltpetre (nitrate) came in use as an additive to human food, a number of historic cookery books from Germany and Austria were reviewed.
(6) He pioneered new technologies – one of which bears his name – to produce saltpetre by oxidising nitrogen from air, and made industrial quantities of hydrogen by water electrolysis.