(v. t.) To combine or impregnate with nitrogen; to convert, by oxidation, into nitrous or nitric acid; to subject to, or produce by, nitrification.
Example Sentences:
(1) The influence of salt mixtures consisting of Ca(H2PO4)2, trace elements, CaSO4, CaCO3, Na2CO3, NaCl and K2SO4 in different combinations on the nitrifying power, evolution of carbon dioxide and the total number of bacteria was studied in arid soils (sandy and alluvial) and semi-humid ones (chernozem and rendzina).
(2) However, nitrification is a cause of significant errors in measuring BOD, particularly when a large population of nitrifying organisms are existing in water such as effluents from biological treatment plants.
(3) The abundance of nitrifying bacteria, determined by most-probable-number procedures, within habitats of the Passaic River was as follows: rooted aquatic plants greater than algae approximately equal to rocks greater than sediments greater than greater than water.
(4) Extracts of the hyphae of a nitrifying strain of Aspergillus flavus formed nitrite and nitrate from 3-nitropropionate.
(5) The effects of two herbicides, Sencor and Goltix, on nitrification in two soils were studied using a mixed culture of nitrifying bacteria.
(6) Concentrated pine bark tannins, similar in origin to those in effluents at the well-nitrifying chipmill site, were tested for toxicity to pure cultures of nitrifying bacteria.
(7) The counts of nitrifying bacteria also increased whereas those of desulfurizers remained non-affected.
(8) Three bacteria, two of which were previously noted as active heterotrophic nitrifiers, were examined for their ability to grow and nitrify with the siderophore deferrioxamine B as the carbon source.
(9) Pseudomonas aureofaciens displayed limited growth and nitrification while a heterotrophic nitrifying Alcaligenes sp.
(10) This is the first description of thermophilic nitrifying bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosomonas.
(11) Enrichment cultures of nitrifying microorganisms were obtained from all sites using NH4+ as a source of energy, but enrichments for nitrite oxidizers were unsuccessful.
(12) Nitrifying bacteria were detected in 64% of samples collected from five chloraminated water supplies in South Australia and in 20.7% of samples that contained more than 5.0 mg of monochloramine per liter.
(13) Various heterotrophic nitrifiers have been tested and found to also be aerobic denitrifiers.
(14) Nitrite and hydroxylamine reductases were found in both nitrifying bacteria, and optimum activity for each enzyme was obtained with NADH or NADPH with either FMN or FAD.
(15) Thiosphaera pantotropha thus is similar to other heterotrophic nitrifiers-denitrifiers in that it conserves energy while denitrifying but has not been observed to do so when heterotrophically nitrifying.
(16) Nitrifying bacteria were found to be widely distributed among the products of the weathering crust of ultrabasite rocks.
(17) At higher levels of NH4-N additions, ammonium as sulphate nitrified faster than as nitrate, especially in the high concentrations of NH4-N. Nitrite was detected in small amounts of less than 10 ppm in some soils, particularly in the coarse-textured ones, regardless of the type and amount of the fertilizer applied.
(18) Laboratory experiments confirmed that nitrifying bacteria are relatively resistant to the disinfectant.
(19) We have investigated the substrate specificity of ammonia monooxygenase in whole cells of the nitrifying bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea for a number of aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons.
(20) The examination of proton translocation of four different bacterial nitrifiers capable of pyruvic oxime [(PO), CH3-C(NOH)-COOH] nitrification and by an NH4+ oxidizing Arthrobacter sp.
Vitrify
Definition:
(v. t.) To convert into, or cause to resemble, glass or a glassy substance, by heat and fusion.
(v. t.) To become glass; to be converted into glass.
Example Sentences:
(1) We conclude that freeze-concentration induced by heating a vitrified solution can cause less perturbations of a protein than does quenching into a freeze-concentrated state.
(2) Accordingly, it may be desirable to maintain vitrified biological systems at temperatures sufficiently below Tg so that the extent of relaxation in the glass system is avoided or minimized during cryopreservation.
(3) It is based on the preparation of ultrathin frozen sections of fixed tissues, rinsing of the sections, followed by their embedding on the grid in a layer of vitrified ice, and direct observation with a cryoelectron microscope.
(4) In hydrated, vitrified cryo-sections, chromosomes exhibit a characteristic homogeneous, grainy texture, which, on optical diffraction, gives rise to a broad reflection corresponding to 11 nm.
(5) The solid states formed by vitrified and frozen aqueous solutions of some hydrophilic polymers, able to act as biological cryoprotectants, have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry and freeze fracture electron microscopy.
(6) The results obtained with vitrified thin films were interpreted in relation to the principles of thin-film formation.
(7) The survival rate of morulae vitrified after removal of the mucin coat was lower than that of mucin-intact embryos.
(8) Applications to negatively stained 50S ribosomes and to cryo-electron micrographs of thin vitrified layers of unstained and unsupported tomato bushy stunt and Semliki Forest viruses are described, and the resulting reconstructions are presented.
(9) 250000 sq.cm of vitrified skin stored for one to two years were used in 135 operations for major full thickness burns after tangential excision or excision of eschar.
(10) In the amide I spectral region of carbonyl hemoglobin (HbCO), a band at approximately 1654 cm-1 due to alpha-helical structures is the dominant band in spectra recorded at ambient temperature and in the vitrified state, but in the spectrum of HbCO quenched at similar rates into a freeze-concentrated state, a band at approximately 1650 cm-1, tentatively assigned to unordered structures, becomes the dominant feature.
(11) A high proportion of vitrified oocytes was fertilized in vitro (84-94%), 80 to 87% of which were normal.
(12) Embryos were exposed in three steps to a stock VS1 solution or a saline solution containing 90% of the cryoprotectants in the stock VS1 (90% VS1) and then the suspensions were vitrified by rapid cooling in liquid nitrogen.
(13) Materials responding to the demands of biocompatibility are certain forms of porcelain, vitrified carbon, titanium, calcium aluminate.
(14) He cites another case, in which a rabbit brain was vitrified and then thawed, appearing structurally intact – although the brain was first set in a formaldehyde-like substance, that would rule out it ever functioning as a living organ in the future.
(15) The structure of the virus was compared with cryo-electron microscopic data of vitrified suspensions observed to a resolution of 1.15 nm.
(16) The interaction of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase with supercoiled DNA was visualized by cryo-electron microscopy of vitrified samples and by classical electron microscopy methods.
(17) A system has been developed that ensures that a liquid or partially liquid specimen is maintained in its original state while it is being prepared before vitrification and, once prepared, is vitrified with little alteration of its microstructure.
(18) The structure of these crystals was examined by electron crystallography, using three different media to preserve high-resolution detail: vitrified water, glucose and tannin.
(19) In principle, good preservation of native structure may be achieved with fast freezing, followed by low-dose electron imaging of unstained vitrified cryosections.
(20) From these suspensions thin films were prepared at various temperatures, and vitrified for low temperature observation.