(n.) A colorless nonmetallic element, tasteless and odorless, comprising four fifths of the atmosphere by volume. It is chemically very inert in the free state, and as such is incapable of supporting life (hence the name azote still used by French chemists); but it forms many important compounds, as ammonia, nitric acid, the cyanides, etc, and is a constituent of all organized living tissues, animal or vegetable. Symbol N. Atomic weight 14. It was formerly regarded as a permanent noncondensible gas, but was liquefied in 1877 by Cailletet of Paris, and Pictet of Geneva.
Example Sentences:
(1) These results are discussed in relation to the possible existence of enzyme-bound intermediates of nitrogen fixation.
(2) The measurement of the intestinal metabolism of the nitrogen moiety of glutamic acid has been investigated by oral ingestion of l-[15N]glutamic acid and sampling of arterialized blood.
(3) The induction of cells with two Y chromosomes by nitrogen mustard (NM) was examined.
(4) The disappearance of the herbicide, Avadex (40% diallate), from five agricultural soils (differing in either pH, carbon content, or nitrogen content), incubated under sterile and non-sterile conditions, was followed for a period of 20 weeks.
(5) Suspensions of isolated insect flight muscle thick filaments were embedded in layers of vitreous ice and visualized in the electron microscope under liquid nitrogen conditions.
(6) Airway closure (CV), functional residual capacity (FRC) and the distribution of inspired gas (nitrogen washout delay percentage, NWOD %) and arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) was measured by standard electrodes in eight extremely obese patients before and after weight loss (mean weights 142 and 94 kg, respectively) following intestinal shunt operation.
(7) Formula fed infants retained more nitrogen and gained weight faster.
(8) Triglyceride (Trigly) in female dogs, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and urea nitrogen (Urea-N) in male dogs tended to increase.
(9) Nitrogen retention was curvilinear in relation to metabolic live weight (kg0.75) in both series.
(10) Corynebacterium parvum-treated mice produce large amounts of circulating nitrogen oxides and develop a severe liver injury in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
(11) Eight men and eight women each performed peak oxygen intake tests on a cycle ergometer breathing ambient air and a mixture of 12% oxygen in nitrogen (equivalent to an altitude of 4400 m) in the two experiments.
(12) From this, it was suggested that a negligible amount of oestradiol was released from these compounds and that the oestradiol moiety was useful as a carrier for the nitrogen mustard moiety.
(13) The intravenous administration of ovine placental lactogen to pregnant and non-pregnant sheep produced significant acute decreases in plasma free fatty acid, glucose and amino nitrogen concentrations.
(14) In contrast, nitrogen incubation did not alter the basal levels of TBA reactants except for a small rise associated with VE deficiency.
(15) MCT TPN was found to have some disadvantages, especially with regard to nitrogen balance and plasma albumin levels.
(16) Nitrogen mustard (N2M) treatment of rabbits induced neutropenia, and, in ligated ileal loops, it inhibited fluid secretion induced by salmonella or by cholera toxin (CT).
(17) For dipeptides containing the amino terminal residues glycine, alanine and phenylalanine, abstraction of the hydrogen from the carbon adjacent to the peptide nitrogen was the major process leading to the spin-adducts.
(18) The raw data are obtained by capillary gas chromatography using a nitrogen-phosphorus detector.
(19) Total protein, RNA, DNA, nitrogen, free amino acids and water content were determined in both lymphatic organs.
(20) This is the first evidence supporting carbon-nitrogen bond formation as the initial site of interaction between the two substrate molecules.
Nitrous
Definition:
(a.) Of, pertaining to, or containing, niter; of the quality of niter, or resembling it.
(a.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, any one of those compounds in which nitrogen has a relatively lower valence as contrasted with nitric compounds.
Example Sentences:
(1) Arterial oxyhaemoglobin saturation (SaO2) was monitored continuously during normal labour in 33 healthy parturients receiving pethidine and nitrous oxide for analgesia.
(2) Nitrous oxide, 60% (P less than 0.025) and 80% (P less than 0.02), caused significant increases in release of beta-endorphin.
(3) In the present work, we measured the inactivation of methionine synthase and the concurrent homocysteine export rate of two murine and four human cell lines during nitrous oxide exposure.
(4) Anaesthesia was achieved by a mixture of oxygen, nitrous oxide and fluothane without use of muscle relaxants.
(5) The purity and configuration of each isomer of the free acid and N-chloroacetylated derivative were ascertained by: (a) paper chromatography in five solvent systems, (b) elemental analysis, (c) Van Slyke nitrous acid determination of alpha-carbonyl carbon, and (d) Van Slyke ninhydrin determination of alpha-carbonyl carbon, and (e) optical rotation.
(6) The cardiorespiratory effects of trichloroethylene supplementation of nitrous oxide-oxygen anesthesia, with simultaneous use of halothane at induction as needed, were studied in outpatient oral surgery patients undergoing dental extractions under general anesthesia.
(7) The interactions of nitrous oxide with cytochrome c oxidase isolated from bovine heart muscle have been investigated in search of an explanation for the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by the inhalation anesthetic.
(8) Nitrous oxide (N2O) is frequently used for maintenance of anesthesia in research animals because of its minimal effect upon circulatory variables and the ability to rapidly alter its anesthetic concentration.
(9) Nitrous oxide produced a dose-related analgesic response in rats (ED50, 67%) as measured by the tail-flick method.
(10) Cryotherapy with high-flow nitrous oxide was applied to the lid margin for 45 seconds in a freeze-thaw-freeze cycle.
(11) Such disturbances may be induced by opiates, benzodiazepines, phenothiazines, butyrophenones, ketamine, etomidate, propofol, nitrous oxide, and halogenated inhalation anesthetics as well as by H2-blocking agents such as cimetidine.
(12) For all personnel the geometric mean (GM) time-weighted average (TWA) exposures to halothane and nitrous oxide over the working period were 2.6 ppm (range: less than 0.5 119 ppm) and 100 ppm (range: 14-1700 ppm), respectively.
(13) Postoperative nausea and vomiting have been associated with the use of intravenous narcotics, and nitrous oxide may worsen the emetic effects of narcotics.
(14) The mechanism and time course of nitrous oxide-induced intratympanic pressure changes are described and contrasted with the effects of non-nitrous oxide anaesthesia.
(15) Using 14C-labelled nitrous bases as starting substrates, labelled nucleosides and nucleotides can be obtained with the 75-80% yield that have radioactive purity of 95-99%.
(16) In 14 sets of experiments, normal human lymphocytes stimulated with phytohemagglutinin on day 0 were exposed to nitrous oxide and oxygen on day 2.
(17) The authors advocate an active multimodality treatment of patients who developed seizures for the first time, the therapeutic and diagnostic use of pneumoencephalography with the administration of nitrous oxide into the cerebrospinal fluid.
(18) Rats injected with leukemic cells and exposed to nitrous oxide for 10 days showed 30% reduction of hepatosplenomegaly and 50% reduction of leukocytosis.
(19) Exposure to nitrous oxide produced concentration-dependent analgesia in the mouse abdominal constriction test.
(20) Chondroitinase ABC, nitrous acid, and heparinase degraded approximately 76%, 17%, and 7%, respectively, of the HBM-M cell-derived 35S-labeled proteoglycans.