(a.) Hurtful; harmful; baneful; pernicious; injurious; destructive; unwholesome; insalubrious; as, noxious air, food, or climate; pernicious; corrupting to morals; as, noxious practices or examples.
(a.) Guilty; criminal.
Example Sentences:
(1) At both 24 h and 1 week, the inflamed paw showed pronounced supersensitivity to the antinociceptive action of morphine against noxious pressure.
(2) "It looks as if the noxious mix of rightwing Australian populism, as represented by Crosby and his lobbying firm, and English saloon bar reactionaries, as embodied by [Nigel] Farage and Ukip, may succeed in preventing this government from proceeding with standardised cigarette packs, despite their popularity with the public," said Deborah Arnott, chief executive of the health charity Action on Smoking and Health.
(3) Noxious conditioning stimulation of a tooth led to a temporary decrease of the threshold for the jaw-opening reflex elicited from a contralateral or adjacent tooth; only conditioning stimulation at an intensity producing a marked arousal reaction was effective in this respect.
(4) Results showed the greatest inhibition of noxious stimulus perception with Innovar-Vet, lesser inhibition with ketamine-xylazine and ketamine-diazepam, and the least obtunding of nociception with pentobarbital.
(5) Furthermore the noxious stimuli were completely ineffective from 10-15 min following the lidocaine injection while the non-noxious stimuli maintained their efficacy.
(6) Experiments using normal human subjects were performed to determine the effect of a putative analgesic, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), on the perception of noxious thermal stimuli and also to examine critically the general applicability of signal detection theory (SDT) to the evaluation of analgesic agents.
(7) Rats inoculated in the tail-base with killed Mycobacterium butyricum developed an arthritic swelling and inflammation of the limbs accompanied by a hyperalgesia to noxious pressure applied thereto.
(8) Complete transection of the thoracic spinal cord eliminated both thermally elicited responses and orienting responses to noxious and tactile mechanical stimulation of the hindlimbs.
(9) This situation has contributed to exposure of sandblasters to hazardous levels of respirable free silica, and is reviewed here to prevent a continuation of the incompatibility of these and other standards for respiratory protection with the actual exposures to various noxious inhalants in the workplace.
(10) Effects of noxious electrical tooth stimulations and intraarterial administration of bradykinin or inhalation of volatile anesthetics on substance P content in the diencephalon-mesencephalon, pons-medulla and the spinal cord were examined in the rat.
(11) Surface airway epithelium is frequently injured by noxious inhaled agents, epithelial wound repair may be an important process by which the epithelial barrier integrity is maintained.
(12) Cough and bronchoconstriction are airway reflexes that protect the lung from inspired noxious agents.
(13) Pb also appeared to unmask an afterdischarge in some neurons following noxious mechanical stimulation.
(14) Neurons were first classified as on-cells if they fired faster during noxious pinch or as off-cells if they fired slower.
(15) These data indicate the antinociception from PAG stimulation is not equally distributed throughout the body, and that the intensity of the noxious stimulus influences the threshold for SPA.
(16) Profound inhibitions of the second phase were also produced by tactile segmental stimulation and noxious stimuli applied to widespread areas of the body (diffuse noxious inhibitory controls).
(17) It hasn't been reported that the neurons in somatosensory area I (SI) may respond to the noxious stimulation.
(18) Stimuli used to activate the cells orthodromically were graded innocuous and noxious mechanical stimuli, including sinusoidal vibration and thermal pulses.
(19) This cannot be explained by metabolic activation of the halogenated hydrocarbons but could be due to a noxious effect on the mitotoc spindle.
(20) Suppression of the tail flick response to noxious heat and paw withdrawal response to noxious pressure were produced by electrical stimulation of arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) in pentobarbital anesthetized rats.
Sweeten
Definition:
(a.) To make sweet to the taste; as, to sweeten tea.
(a.) To make pleasing or grateful to the mind or feelings; as, to sweeten life; to sweeten friendship.
(a.) To make mild or kind; to soften; as, to sweeten the temper.
(a.) To make less painful or laborious; to relieve; as, to sweeten the cares of life.
(a.) To soften to the eye; to make delicate.
(a.) To make pure and salubrious by destroying noxious matter; as, to sweeten rooms or apartments that have been infected; to sweeten the air.
(a.) To make warm and fertile; -- opposed to sour; as, to dry and sweeten soils.
(a.) To restore to purity; to free from taint; as, to sweeten water, butter, or meat.
(v. i.) To become sweet.
Example Sentences:
(1) His report was widely rubbished at the time for lack of supporting evidence, and the addition of Osborne's sweeteners (or nudges, perhaps?)
(2) the colours: Allura red AC, erythrosine, canthaxanthin and the caramels; three anti-oxidants: BHA, BHT and the gallates; the sweeteners: polyols, aspartame, saccharin and cyclamates.
(3) Alternative sweeteners are widely advocated and used.
(4) Stevioside and rebaudioside A, two intense natural sweeteners, that are constituents of the South American plant Stevia rebaudiana, were tested for cariogenicity in albino Sprague-Dawley rats.
(5) More than 30 state and city legislatures, from Hawaii to New York, have discussed or proposed curbs on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) ranging from bans in schools to cuts in portion sizes and a sales tax.
(6) Although high-intensity sweeteners are widely used to decrease the energy density of foods, little is known about how this affects hunger and food intake.
(7) Pfizer said on Monday it hoped its sweetened offer for AstraZeneca, which was made on Friday, would help the British drugmaker "engage with Pfizer and enter into discussions relating to a possible combination of the two companies".
(8) Following an initial report of the presence of traces of cyclohexylamine in the urines of subjects given cyclamate, it was shown that chronic administration of the sweetener caused the induction of extensive metabolism.
(9) In the other, each serving of beverage provided 600 mg APM, a dose equivalent to the amount provided by 36 oz of APM-sweetened diet beverage.
(10) At present, the sweetening carbohydrates have a share of about 49% of the total-carbohydrate-consumption, from which 24% is sugar in its conventional form; a further 3% comes from fruits and vegetables; 5% of the carbohydrates are lactose, 15.5% are monosaccharides, from which 12% are derived from vegetable foodstuffs and honey.
(11) Appropriate sweeteners, flavoring agents, preservatives, humectants, and pH adjusters were then added.
(12) The compromise was sweetened with further funds: on Monday Democrats held out the prospect of a further $50bn in loan guarantees under the climate change bill making its way through Congress.
(13) Brandishing cash sweeteners so squarely directed at different age groups opens another fracture along generational lines.
(14) When the sweetened solutions were switched, obese sucrose rats lost weight during the next 8 weeks while rats previously on NNS gained weight rapidly.
(15) In this paper, we demonstrate that high concentrations (1-4 M) of neutral salts greatly enhance the thermolysin activity in both hydrolysis and synthesis of N-carbobenzoxy-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester (ZAPM), a precursor of a peptide sweetener, aspartame, in which the L-aspartyl residue is the P1 residue.
(16) Tea swathed in frothed milk sweetened to within an inch of its long, UHT life.
(17) The mean values for zinc bioavailability to rats were as follows: sweetened condensed milk = 66%; human breast milk 59.2%, processed cow's milk = 43.7 to 50.9%; unprocessed (raw) cow's milk = 42%; nonfat dry milk = 41.2%, and infant formulas = 26.8 to 39.5%.
(18) In addition, students who lived in Greek housing were found to skip meals less frequently than other students, and men were found to consume significantly more beer, sugar-sweetened soft drinks, meat, and white bread than women students.
(19) There was no interaction between fluoride and other sweetening agents that affected the incidence of caries.
(20) These sweeteners increased significantly the salivary flow rate in comparison to the unsweetened gum base.