(n.) A disease of the eye, in consequence of which the patient can see well in a faint light or at twilight, but is unable to see during the day or in a strong light; day blindness.
(n.) See Moonblink.
Example Sentences:
(1) This ultimately produced nyctalopia, xerophthalmia and keratomalacia with bilateral corneal perforation.
(2) Nyctalopia is the only functional abnormality for the first 5 to 6 year of life.
(3) Clinically, patients have nyctalopia (night blindness), progressive visual field loss, and eventually loss of central vision.
(4) Although the retinal vascular changes with X-linked retinoschisis are similar to those seen with the Favre-Goldmann syndrome, a differentiation of the two diseases can be made by family studies, the presence or absence of nyctalopia, examination of the macular areas, measurement of dark adaptation, and electroretinogram determinations.
(5) This effect is absent in congenital nyctalopia and X-linked retinoschisis.
(6) Subjective symptoms were mild and variable, consisting mainly of relative nyctalopia.
(7) Four of these individuals complained of nyctalopia beginning in childhood.
(8) This was associated with nyctalopia, hyperopia, minimal vitreous opacities in the sister, a paramacular tapetal sheen reflex, normal retinal vessels, an abnormal electroretinogram, and a normal electro-oculogram in the less affected brother.
(9) We describe a 39-year-old white woman with severe visual loss, nyctalopia, vitritis and widespread loss of retinal pigment epithelium associated with vitiligo and alopecia, which may represent a variant of the Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome.
(10) Seven related patients had a progressive pigmentary retinal degeneration, characterized by nyctalopia, visual field restriction, and cystic macular degeneration in younger patients and a macula of nonspecific atrophic appearance in older patients.
(11) Nyctalopia developed in three patients one of whom developed decreased B-wave amplitude of the scotopic electroretinogram.
(12) On the basis of the electrophysiological results, the nature and localization of the defect causing nyctalopia are discussed.
(13) Patients from two families with X-linked recessive nyctalopia and myopia were investigated.
(14) A healthy, 14-year-old girl presented with nyctalopia, good vision, and multiple, irregular, yellowish lesions of the fundus.
(15) Of two brothers born of Sephardic first cousin parents one presented with congenital neural deafness, nyctalopia, visual field loss, flat ERG, unintelligible speech and a shuffling gait, and the other with severe ataxia, severe decreased visual acuity, mild field loss, decreased ERG, dysarthric speech and high grade myopia.
(16) Absence of nyctalopia, Bitot's spots, and xerosis, and lack of conjunctival goblet cell loss indicate that the anorexia nervosa group did not have vitamin A deficiency.
(17) The 15 categories evaluated were: visual acuity, visual field diameter, ring or central scotoma, nyctalopia, susceptibility to glare, refraction, cataract, electroretinography, colour of the optic disc, bone-spicule pigmentation of the retina, retinal vessel diameters, tapetoretinal reflex, sex, heredity, and age.
(18) Recent clinical and experimental studies suggest that zinc deficiency may play an important role in the pathogenesis of (1) acrodermatitis enteropathica, and in certain cases of (2) hypogonadal dwarfism, (3) congenital malformations, (4) hypogeusia and hyposmia, (5) nyctalopia and (6) impaired wound healing.
(19) Choroideremia (McK 30310), an X-linked hereditary retinal dystrophy, causes nyctalopia, progressive visual field loss, and ultimately central blindness in affected males in early adulthood.
(20) One patient had increasing disabling symptoms of nyctalopia and poor peripheral and central vision, whereas the other two patients remained asymptomatic with excellent central vision.
Xerophthalmia
Definition:
(n.) An abnormal dryness of the eyeball produced usually by long-continued inflammation and subsequent atrophy of the conjunctiva.
Example Sentences:
(1) We measured parasitemia, mortality, serum retinol, liver retinol, spleen weight, and degree of xerophthalmia in vitamin A-deficient rats (A-), pair-fed control rats (A+PF), and ad libitum-fed control rats (A+AL) infected with Plasmodium berghei, a rodent malarial parasite.
(2) Vitamin supplements, especially A, reverse defects associated with xerophthalmia.
(3) Since measles and xerophthalmia have frequently been associated, vitamin A supplementation for measles patients is recommended particularly for malnourished children.
(4) We describe our technique and experience in the prevention of xerophthalmia by organising a distinct entity called a xerophthalmia clinic in our eye camps.
(5) In conclusion, 17 of 23 children with persistent diarrhea had abnormal CIC results, significantly low serum retinol levels, and significantly high RDR results, although they had not yet manifested xerophthalmia.
(6) This ultimately produced nyctalopia, xerophthalmia and keratomalacia with bilateral corneal perforation.
(7) Xerophthalmia is a common complication of vitamin A deficiency in communities where malnutrition is found.
(8) Twenty two cases were studied for early detection of Xerophthalmia by impression cytology and Rose Bengal staining.
(9) All corneal cases in the study were accompanied by diarrhea and malnutrition, indicating xerophthalmia to be symptomatic of the whole spectrum of malnutrition.
(10) Xerostomia and xerophthalmia are common and potentially serious local side effects of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer.
(11) Risk of xerophthalmia was significantly higher for children from households without any of the indicators of relative wealth used.
(12) Village clustering of xerophthalmia would necessitate a twofold increase in sample size.
(13) A cross-sectional population based study was done to provide information on the extent to which xerophthalmia and trachoma contribute to blindness in the valley population.
(14) The case is described of a 36 years old woman with bilateral xerophthalmia secondary to his diet.
(15) 33 patients with scleroderma, xerostomia and xerophthalmia underwent biopsy of 3 to 5 labial salivary glands.
(16) The concentrations of retinol and of beta-carotene were measured in 742 children, including those with xerophthalmia and every twentieth of the remaining children.
(17) We describe a 67-year-old woman who had aspiration pneumonitis characterized by a nodular infiltrate in the right middle lobe of the lung and nocturnal coughing after beginning topical application of an ointment (Lacri-Lube) for treatment of xerophthalmia.
(18) Evaluation included a specific questionnaire for subjective xerophthalmia and xerostomia, slit-lamp eye examination after rose Bengal staining.
(19) It is suggested that xerophthalmia screening be made an essential component of routine medical check-up in schools with XN (night blindness with or without conjunctival xerosis) and XIB (Bitot's spots) used as criterion for screening to effectuate early detection and treatment of xerophthalmia.
(20) Xerophthalmia is no longer seen in Europe since the 19th century.