(n.) A rapid involuntary oscillation of the eyeballs.
Example Sentences:
(1) Eye movements which were either complementary or in opposition to the induced vestibular nystagmus were produced with an optokinetic drum.
(2) This series of tests included tests for pathologic nystagmus, saccades, smooth pursuit, and optokinetic nystagmus, as well as bithermal caloric testing and rotational testing.
(3) We were searching for spontaneous and positional nystagmus in 5 positions with open eyes in darkness and with closed eyes.
(4) 23 years old woman with sudden deafness and ipsilateral lack of rapid phase caloric nystagmus was described.
(5) The following oculomotor paradigms were investigated: horizontal and vertical saccades of different sizes (10-80 degrees), smooth pursuit eye movements, optokinetic and vestibular nystagmus.
(6) Per-rotational nystagmus was recorded in rabbits with unilaterally narrowed vertebral arteries or following unilateral cervical sympathectomies.
(7) Borrelia infection is an etiological factor which should be considered in patients suffering from vertigo especially if positional nystagmus is present.
(8) The performance tests included tracking, choice reaction, flicker fusion, exophoria, nystagmus, digit symbol substitution and the subjective assessment of mood.
(9) A 60-year-old man developed periodic alternating nystagmus in association with decreased vision due to cataracts.
(10) Outgoing from the theory of the rotatory nystagmus based on the rotation test of the human vestibular system the fundamentels are developed for a complete evaluation method of an electronystagmogram including the elimination of artefacts by the authors' own research work in this field.
(11) Stimulus-induced nystagmus was combined with OKN, OKAN and per- and post-rotatory nystagmus.
(12) Two patients, presenting with signs and symptoms of cerebellar dysfunction, later developed evidence of brain-stem disease with dysarthria, nystagmus, deafness, and internuclear ophthalmoplegia.
(13) In type V, dysrhythmic nystagmus develops and the visual line often jumps over several targets without fixation.
(14) In all patients, the nystagmus elicited during the paroxysm was compatible with excitation of the posterior semicircular canal.
(15) Most of the animals had damage in the third and fourth turns (22) and a minority of these had dizziness and destruction nystagmus (3).
(16) Also, induced rotary movement and cyclorotational optokinetic nystagmus are affected differently by the velocity of eliciting stimulation.
(17) We had blind-folded subjects who were rotating at constant velocity make standardized head movements during the free-fall and high force phases of parabolic flight, and we measured both the characteristics of their horizontal nystagmus and the magnitude of their experienced self-motion.
(18) Authors report a ring chromosome 18 (18 r) in a four year old boy, with low birth weight, retarded growth and development, microcephaly and plagiocephaly, horizontal nystagmus, ambiguous genitalia, clinodactyly of the fifth finger, distal axial triradius, whorls pattern in 8 fingers in dermatoglyphic.
(19) These centres do not control the nature of the nystagmic movement that consists of a slow and a fast components, the combined movements of the right and left eyes, the direction of the nystagmus, the range and the nature marking the distribution of the maximal movement and of the most frequent movements during the action of the stimulus and the symmetry of the labyrinthine function.
(20) Galvanic stimulation of the vestibular system provokes a nystagmus as well as a tendency to fall.
Strabismus
Definition:
(n.) An affection of one or both eyes, in which the optic axes can not be directed to the same object, -- a defect due either to undue contraction or to undue relaxation of one or more of the muscles which move the eyeball; squinting; cross-eye.
Example Sentences:
(1) This technique did not limit the success of the strabismus surgery.
(2) In 4 patients strabismus surgery alone restored binocular single vision.
(3) We examined 333 patients between the ages of 11 and 70 years who underwent strabismus surgery with adjustable sutures over a ten-year period.
(4) We investigated this hypothesis from a developmental perspective by studying the development of these two kinds of visual performance in two groups of infant macaque monkeys (Macaca nemestrina), one normal and one given an experimental strabismus.
(5) We give a general view of the extreme variety of clinical forms of strabismus and their causes and then give diagnoses and outlines for therapy based on four different type-cases.
(6) Twenty two strabismus and 106 straight eyed patients with anatomically normal eyes were first photographed with a conventional camera equipped with a weak 100 mm teleobjective and coaxial flashlight and then examined clinically.
(7) The refractive changes in 84 children (155 eyes) following horizontal strabismus surgery and in 97 children (181 eyes) without surgical intervention were studied.
(8) Apert-Crouzon syndrome (formerly ACS type 2; 10130) is now considered a subset of autosomal dominant Apert acrocephalosyndactyly type 1 (10120), with features of craniosynostoisis, syndactyly of all extremities, maxillary hypoplasia, "parrot-beaked" nose, hypertelorism, exophthalmos, external strabismus, and short upper lip.
(9) It may be argued that vergence movements are induced by disparity and represent the motor fusion component left over in strabismus.
(10) One hundred ten pediatric patients, ages 8 months to 14 yr, admitted for outpatient strabismus surgery were enrolled in a randomized, double-blinded study to compare droperidol and metoclopramide to placebo for the prevention of postoperative emesis.
(11) In 58 children below the age of 12 with strabismus operations were performed under anesthesia with Ketamine.
(12) Three hundred of the 1785 children with strabismus in out patient care during the latter five years were preterm babies, showing that prematurity intervenes in 16.7% of cases in the onset of strabismus.
(13) Binocular single vision was restored after buckle removal and strabismus surgery in three further patients (20%), one requiring a prism in addition.
(14) Uncorrected refractive error (particularly anisometropia), strabismus, ptosis, and corneal exposure problems are an invitation to the development of amblyopia.
(15) Ocular alignment is usually more divergent in strabismus patients under general anesthesia than in the awake state.
(16) The indications for surgery were: dysthyroid ophthalmopathy, fourth nerve palsy, monocular aphakia with strabismus and miscellaneous conditions.
(17) Botulinum injection of eye muscles as an alternative to strabismus surgery can be performed in young children with low dose ketamine sedation, or reassurance without sedation for older children.
(18) In esotropia, the most frequent type of strabismus, the authors consider as most suitable the technique of weakening of the inner rectus muscles by a dosed elongation according to Gonin-Hollwich, as compared with the classical retroposition of this muscle.
(19) Amblyopia was due to anisometropia in 24 cases (50%), strabismus in 9 cases (18.7%), high astigmatism (meridional) in 7 cases (14.5%) and other causes or a combination of factors in 8 cases (16.7%).
(20) In incomitant strabismus, surgery is usually limited to recessions of the involved muscles, most of the surgery is directed to the inferior rectus and medial rectus, as these are the most commonly affected muscles.