(a.) Binding in law or conscience; imposing duty or obligation; requiring performance or forbearance of some act; -- often followed by on or upon; as, obedience is obligatory on a soldier.
Example Sentences:
(1) It is important to note that the proposed mechanism is not obligatory for androgen or other steroid hormone action.
(2) However, besides these obligatory alterations a high inter- and intraindividual variability of structural aspects is found in MS lesions.
(3) The presence of the other islet cell-types may be obligatory for these appropriate responses.
(4) From the derived cell flux in these compartments we suggest that 1) many more pre-B cells are produced than needed by the peripheral B cell pool; 2) if TdT is an obligatory stage in B cell genesis, there must be at least two cell cycles in the pre-B cell compartment; 3) if it is not, the TdT+ stage may be bypassed, with HIS24+TdT-Ig- cells perhaps feeding directly into the pre-B cell compartment.
(5) Neither cytochrome a nor cytochrome c appears to be an obligatory intermediate in cyanide-sensitive nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidation in B. subtilis.
(6) Thus, the results of this study indicate that retinal is an obligatory intermediate in the hepatic production of retinoic acid from retinol and that cytosolic and microsomal retinol dehydrogenases play a key role in this process.
(7) Thus, even though LPS is a potent inducer of IFN-beta in murine macrophages, class I IFN expression may not be an obligatory intermediate event in the LPS-driven activation of ISRE binding activity.
(8) The four hosts (Mollusc -- Crustacean -- Odonat -- Amphibian) are obligatory in the life cycle for it is impossible to infect the Insects directly with the cecariae or the frog (tadpoles as well as adults) with the mesocercariae.
(9) The synergistic actions of E2 and either AA, the obligatory precursor of PGF2 alpha, or A23187, an enhancer of AA release from phospholipid stores, point to a stimulatory effect of E2 on prostaglandin synthase activity.
(10) No wt-1 expression was detected at any stage of tooth development showing that wt-1 is not obligatory for regulation of Egr-1 expression.
(11) These findings show that class switch by deletion of DNA regions in mature plasma cells is not obligatory for the secretion of immunoglobulin classes other than IgM.
(12) Serotonin plays an obligatory role in the initiation and expression of leech feeding behavior by its differential modulation of central neuronal networks and peripheral glands and muscles.
(13) However, in spite of these similarities, they differentially stimulate estrogenic responses that were previously thought to be interrelated and obligatory for full estrogenic action.
(14) These results, together with data from the native proteins, are consistent with obligatory 1-electron transfer between dehydrogenase and ETF possibly involving the exposed dimethylbenzene edge of ETF.
(15) Although Mg2+ is absolutely required for activation of adenylate cyclase by the GTP analogue guanosine 5'-[beta gamma-imido]triphosphate (p[NH]ppG), it is not obligatory for p[NH]ppG-stimulated ADP-ribosylation by cholera toxin.
(16) This suggests that normally the midline floor plate cells do provide guidance cues, but that these cues are not obligatory.
(17) The protein supply recommended for a certain age group should not be obligatory for the individual child.
(18) The results strongly suggest that the obligatory antigen processing event required for helper T cell recognition of alloantigen is simply the insertion of the alloantigen into the same membrane bilayer as the syngeneic Ia restricting element.
(19) This new function is derived by assuming that all chromosome arms except the short arms of acrocentric chromosomes hav an obligatory chiasma, and that the remaining chiasmata are distributed at random; assumptions which may correspond reasonably well to reality.
(20) Its somewhat unique features have attracted widespread interest both nationally and internationally and may be seen as part of an international movement towards obligatory CME in Western Medicine.
Optional
Definition:
(a.) Involving an option; depending on the exercise of an option; left to one's discretion or choice; not compulsory; as, optional studies; it is optional with you to go or stay.
(n.) See Elective, n.
Example Sentences:
(1) Meanwhile Bradley Beal has developed into a dangerous second option and complementary sidekick in exactly the same way that Dion Waiters hasn't for the Cleveland Cavaliers.
(2) With attention to proper performance and patient selection, spinal and epidural anaesthesia are safe and efficacious options when choosing anaesthetic technique.
(3) Chris Pavlou, former vice chairman of Laiki, told Channel 4 news that Anastasiades was given little option by the troika but to accept the draconian terms, which force savers to take a hit for the first time in the fifth bailout of a eurozone country.
(4) By using these larger catheters, the surgeon will not lose the option of using isosmotic preparations.
(5) The dumplings could also be served pan-fried in browned butter and tossed with a bitter leaf salad and fresh sheep's cheese for a lighter, but equally delicious option.
(6) Proper treatment of postoperative atelectasis requires adequate patient assessment and knowledge of the therapeutic options.
(7) We know that from the rapid take up of crowd funded renewables investors are actively looking for a more secure option.
(8) Steps in the decision-making process, as well as options to be considered, are detailed.
(9) RF ablation appears to be a safe and effective therapeutic option for drug-resistant ectopic atrial tachycardia and may be the preferred first-line therapy for those patients with depressed ventricular function.
(10) Endoscopic coagulation is a useful adjunct in the treatment of this condition, and is safe, effective, and leaves other options open.
(11) The main benefit of the newer drugs is that they offer new options for the treatment of patients who cannot tolerate side effects of the traditional drugs or have responded unsatisfactorily to them.
(12) Available evidence suggests that the medical outcome between these two options is similar; this study was designed to investigate selected psychosocial outcomes.
(13) The literature is reviewed with respect to treatment options and prognostic factors.
(14) The protein variation potentially includes N-terminal differences coded for by transcript-specific 5' exons and internal differences arising from the optional inclusion of a 39 base-pair exon and from the alternative use of two 3' splice sites separated by six base-pairs.
(15) This study investigates neophyte student nurses' attitudes to working with the elderly through placing them in relation to attitudes to other nursing career options and by exploring student nurses' reasons for such attitudes.
(16) Alternative management options, 6 month mortality and costs for the post-myocardial infarction patient were compared.
(17) 'don't know' options) students were able to increase their score significantly and the rank order of the students in class is changed.
(18) Another feature of TWINAN90 is the optional output of a pedigree file which can be read by the quantitative genetics package FISHER.
(19) Procurement has already brought down prices in foster care significantly in recent years, so differences between the costs of placement options may now be marginal.
(20) Operative decompression is in most cases the only therapeutic option.