What's the difference between orthogonal and symmetrical?

Orthogonal


Definition:

  • (a.) Right-angled; rectangular; as, an orthogonal intersection of one curve with another.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Specifically, we apply techniques of data preprocessing, orthogonality constraints, and validation of solutions in a complete TC analysis, for the first time using actual MEP data.
  • (2) In 92 percent of the patients the thoraco-abdominal aorta and its branches were well documented on 2 orthogonal projections performed in one single session.
  • (3) Orthogonal field electrophoresis of the eleven strains still carrying pBR322 sequences revealed at least seven different integrating sites for the transforming DNA.
  • (4) Similar results were obtained for either direction of motion (orthogonal to a cell's optimum orientation) and for either polarity of contrast (dark centre, light ends or the reverse).
  • (5) Orthogonal regression analysis of the GC method (y) and the CDC reference method (X) resulted in y = 0.996 X + 0.000 with a correlation coefficient of 0.999.
  • (6) Three-dimensional analysis of patient position over an 8-week course of daily radiation treatment has been performed for nine patients from digitization of anatomic points identified on orthogonal radiographs.
  • (7) Spatial and lateral R-wave amplitudes were derived from the orthogonal Frank (XYZ) lead system.
  • (8) An airjet perturbation device is attached to the wrist with a special cuff, and provides high-frequency stochastic perturbations in potentially three orthogonal directions.
  • (9) Rather than individual voxels, a new exact algorithm is presented that considers the CT data as consisting of the intersection volumes of three orthogonal sets of equally spaced, parallel planes.
  • (10) A cortical patch representing a given orientation was regularly surrounded by both neighboring and orthogonal orientations.
  • (11) Inactive dummies with the same dimensions as the radioactive sources are loaded into the capsules before obtaining the orthogonal radiographs.
  • (12) Trend analysis of the fatigue patterns revealed that a cubic orthogonal polynomial equation was sufficient to describe the profile of MVC decrement for all conditions.
  • (13) Using various self-report indices of these constructs we found that (a) defensive self-enhancement is composed of two orthogonal components: grandiosity and social desirability; (b) grandiosity and social desirability independently predict self-esteem and may represent distinct confounds in the measurement of self-esteem, (c) narcissism is positively related to grandiose self-enhancement (as opposed to social desirability), (d) narcissism is positively associated with both defensive and nondefensive self-esteem, and (e) authority, self-sufficiency, and vanity are the narcissistic elements most indicative of nondefensive self-esteem.
  • (14) Thus, the axial and orientational components are orthogonal (Wörgötter and Eysel 1989).
  • (15) In other experiments, 2 or 3 rows of tracer injections were made at different dorsoventral levels of AI, over a large frequency range (5-38 kHz); each injection row was oriented orthogonal to the IFCs and contained a different tracer.
  • (16) Our calculations also predict a different trap stability in the directions orthogonal and parallel to the polarization direction of the incident light.
  • (17) We describe a nearly orthogonal two-level design that involves use of a weighted analysis to estimate drift and very low amounts of sample-to-sample carryover simultaneously.
  • (18) The perceived cyclopean motion was examined under five different conditions, in which the cyclopean pattern was moving either up or down, the luminant dots were: (1) moving in the cyclopean direction; (2) moving opposite to the cyclopean direction; (3) moving orthogonal to the cyclopean direction, (4) stationary; or (5) dynamic (dots uncorrelated in successive frames).
  • (19) Regulatory and B-lymphocytes showed a low orthogonal light scatter signal, whereas cytotoxic lymphocytes identified with leu-7, leu-11 and leu-15 revealed a large orthogonal light scatter signal.
  • (20) The orthogonal catheter has three sets of four electrodes spaced evenly around the circumference.

Symmetrical


Definition:

  • (a.) Involving or exhibiting symmetry; proportional in parts; having its parts in due proportion as to dimensions; as, a symmetrical body or building.
  • (a.) Having the organs or parts of one side corresponding with those of the other; having the parts in two or more series of organs the same in number; exhibiting a symmetry. See Symmetry, 2.
  • (a.) Having an equal number of parts in the successive circles of floral organs; -- said of flowers.
  • (a.) Having a likeness in the form and size of floral organs of the same kind; regular.
  • (a.) Having a common measure; commensurable.
  • (a.) Having corresponding parts or relations.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Bilateral symmetric soft-tissue masses posterior to the glandular tissue with accompanying calcifications should suggest the diagnosis.
  • (2) In one patient, the pretibial myxedema developed symmetrically half a year after the appearance of endocrine exophthalmos.
  • (3) A constellation of histologic lesions was identified in brain (diffuse meningoencephalitis with bilaterally symmetrical thalamic necrosis), liver (pericholangiohepatitis), lung (pneumonitis), and spleen (lymphoid hyperplasia); this tetrad is apparently unique to this model system.
  • (4) For trials in which the target was present in the array, RT functions were roughly symmetric, the shortest RTs being for extreme distractor ratios, and the longest RTs being for arrays in which there were an equal number of each distractor type.
  • (5) Symmetrical cases (the so-called siamese twins) have an obvious predominance (92.3%).
  • (6) Sedimentation-velocity experiments indicate the M. elsdenii enzyme (s20,w = 4.95 S) to be essentially globular, while the D. vulgaris enzyme (s20,w = 4.1 S) has a less symmetric shape.
  • (7) The Soret MCD of the reduced protein is interpreted as th sum of two MCD curves: an intense, asymmetric MCD band very similar to that exhibited by deoxymyoglobin which we assign to paramagnetic high spin cytochrome a3(2+) and a weaker, more symmetric MCD contribution, which is attributed to diamagnetic low spin cytochrome a2+.
  • (8) In the perineuronal neuropil of large pyramidal neurons (layers V-VI) there appear symmetric synapses with pyramidal cells, dendritic processes and dendritic spines.
  • (9) After injection of HRP-WGA into the contralateral hippocampus 2% of hilar NPY-i neurons were retrogradely labeled and symmetric NPY-i synapses were found on the cell bodies and dendrites of unstained HRP-WGA labeled neurons.
  • (10) Pompholyx (Dyshidrosis) is a disease of unknown etiology presenting as symmetrical, vesicular hand and foot dermatitis.
  • (11) In the degradation reaction, formation of the symmetrically substituted citrate ester of codeine, 1, was found to predominate.
  • (12) The symmetrical reagent 5,5'-dithiobis-(1-methyltetrazole) activates mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase approximately 4-fold, whereas the smaller related compound methyl l-methyltetrazol-5-yl disulphide is a potent inactivator.
  • (13) We studied the effect of symmetric, biphasic sinusoidal electromagnetic fields (EMF) (20 Hz, 6 mT) on the differentiation of normal human skin fibroblasts (HH-8), normal human lung fibroblasts (WI38), and SV40-transformed human lung fibroblasts (WI38SV40) in in vitro cultures.
  • (14) According to X2 (Chi-square) test and asymmetry coefficient (beta 1) it was pointed out that the distribution of menarche in examined schoolgirls was normal and symmetric.
  • (15) The effect of luminal chloride addition was examined in tubules perfused symmetrically with chloride-free solutions.
  • (16) Any patient with a fairly symmetrical 'quiet' eye disease, especially if congenital, should be suspected of having an hereditary disease--presumably due to a recessive gene, even if the parents are not consanguineous, but possibly due to a mutation which could prove dominant; a search of the literature in such cases is useful.
  • (17) In all of the old rats, but not in any of the young ones, symmetric high voltage activity was observed in the frontal pole of the cortex.
  • (18) Flourescence characteristic of indolamine was seen in 5 pairs of symmetric neurons situated in the anterior part of the worm.
  • (19) The thiocarboxyl group reacts with diaryl disulfides to give an unsymmetrical acyl disulfide in dimethylformamide (DMF) and a symmetrical diacyl disulfide in aqueous DMF.
  • (20) The authors describe the radiographic appearance and the investigation techniques for circumscript lipoma in the subcutaneous tissue, in the muscles and for a large diffuse symmetric lipomatosis.