(a.) Having the longer axis vertical; -- said of erect stems.
Example Sentences:
(1) Modifications are made so that the Hooke's law constitutive equations of stress may be applied to the inhomogeneous, non-lineary elastic and orthotropic thin (membrane) aortic valve leaflets.
(2) In this study the orthotropic elastic moduli, structural density, and fabric components were measured for 11 cancellous bone specimens from five bovine femora and for 75 specimens from three human proximal tibiae and fitted to these relationships using a least squares analysis.
(3) It has been proposed that the orthotropic elastic constants of cancellous bone depend upon a tensorial measure of anisotropy called fabric as well as the tissue's structural density.
(4) The thin and thick lamellae are modeled as orthotropic composite layers made up of thin rectangular apatite platelets within a collagen matrix, and classical orthotropic elasticity theory is used to calculate the Young's modulus of the lamellae.
(5) The error in the prediction of the orientation of the principal axes of stress in bone tissue is determined in the case when the tissue is modeled as elastically isotropic rather than as orthotropic, the probable symmetry of bone tissue.
(6) Electrical propagation relies on an orthotropic conductivity tensor defined with respect to the local material axes.
(7) The artery is considered orthotropic and loaded with an incremental pressure of 40 mmHg.
(8) The thermodynamic restrictions on the elastic coefficients of linear orthotropic elasticity and linear transversely isotropy elasticity are recorded and it is shown that previously reported data for the elastic orthotropic constants of bone satisfy these thermodynamic restrictions.
(9) In this paper, these two methods will be evaluated using an exact theory for wave propagation in orthotropic plates.
(10) Results from orthotropic and strabismic adults and from children are evaluated to establish reference values.
(11) Orthotropic behavior of the bone structure was confirmed.
(12) When the nine orthotropic elastic constants were forced to approximate the five transverse isotropic elastic constants, errors of over 60 percent were introduced.
(13) A three dimensional model has been developed by adopting an orthotropic material law for cortical bone and an isotropic law for the fracture gap zone.
(14) The annulus fibrosus is modelled either as nonhomogeneous fibre reinforced composite or alternatively as homogeneous orthotropic with transverse isotropy.
(15) Earlier work gave the three orthotropic Young's moduli of the cortical one of the canine femur as 12.8 GPa, 15.6 GPa and 20.1 GPa.
(16) In 4 mandibles (fully dentulous, partly dentulous, edentulous), orthotropic mechanical behavior of the fresh bone was determined experimentally.
(17) The artery is modelled as an initially stressed orthotropic elastic tube filled with a viscous incompressible fluid.
(18) The characteristic findings of congenital esotropia subsequently developed in three infants who were either orthotropic or exotropic at birth.
(19) Simulation of glottal volume flow and vocal fold tissue movement was accomplished by numerical solution of a time-dependent boundary value problem, in which nonuniform, orthotropic, linear, incompressible vocal fold tissue media were surrounded by irregularly shaped boundaries, which were either fixed or subject to aerodynamic stresses.
(20) The plate and bone contact as well as the fracture site contact were modelled by using orthotropic elements with custom-fit moduli so that only the normal stress to the interface was significant.
Upwards
Definition:
(adv.) In a direction from lower to higher; toward a higher place; in a course toward the source or origin; -- opposed to downward; as, to tend or roll upward.
(adv.) In the upper parts; above.
(adv.) Yet more; indefinitely more; above; over.
Example Sentences:
(1) However, a highly significant upward shift of the proliferating cell compartment was observed in the cancer group, resulting in a specific modification of the [3H]TDR labeling pattern in 6 of 17 specimens.
(2) Moments later, Strauss introduces the bold human character with an energetic, upwards melody which he titles "the climb" in the score.
(3) They also questioned why George Osborne and the Treasury failed to realise there was a potential issue earlier in the calculation process – pointing to recent upwards revisions of post-1995 gross national income by the UK’s own statistics watchdog.
(4) Here we present images of polydeoxyadenylate molecules aligned in parallel, with their bases lying flat on a surface of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and with their charged phosphodiester backbones protruding upwards.
(5) The authors decided to keep in this series only hips presenting with a very considerable upward displacement of the femoral head of type IV in Crowe, Maini and Ranawat's classification.
(6) In this study downward gaze was more severely disturbed than upward gaze.
(7) on, whereas palpation is only possible upward of 15 mm.
(8) Past measurements have shown that the intensity range is reduced at the extremes of the F0 range, that there is a gradual upward tilt of the high- and low-intensity boundaries with increasing F0, and that a ripple exists at the boundaries.
(9) We have the nuclear-related wealth, which captures the highly skilled and the affluent and the upwardly mobile.
(10) In the absence of glutamine the aggregate is readily dissociated following dilution of the extract; that is, velocity concaves upward as a function of increasing protein concentration.
(11) This contralateral defect involved the foot and extended upwards to end in a sensory level.
(12) Isolated frog retinas kept receptor side-upward in a moist chamber without perfusion showed the well-known slow PIII generated by the potassium decrease around receptors.
(13) Levels of alpha 1-antitrypsin (A 1-AT) showed marked season-related fluctuation patterns in Co children, the curves in E group children turned steeply upward from the third examination series on.
(14) The first eigenvector, when represented by grey scale maps depicting a pair of eyes, reveals that, as average threshold increases, the visual field rises and flattens, like an umbrella that, initially closed, is simultaneously opened and thrust upwards.
(15) UMLBs (n = 14) had no spontaneous activity and emitted bursts of action potentials that preceded rapid eye movements by approximately 6 ms. Parameters of the burst (duration and number of spikes) were highly correlated with parameters of the rapid eye movement (duration and amplitude of the upward displacement of the eyes).
(16) Put simply, there would have to be evidence that ultra-low oil prices are having only a temporary downward impact on inflation and have helped disguise upward pressure on wages caused by falling unemployment.
(17) With systole there is downward (caudal) flow of CSF in the aqueduct of Sylvius, the foramen of Magendie, the basal cisterns and the dorsal and ventral subarachnoid spaces while during diastole, upward (cranial) flow of CSF in these same structures is seen.
(18) During the operation an upward looping PICA was found crossing and tightly compressing the exit zone of the right facial nerve.
(19) After upward transposition of the anterior lamella, the excised skin is very suitable for covering the free tarsal surface.
(20) Assuming no future environmental or lifestyle changes, the upward trend in age-adjusted mortality rates, which averaged 2 to 3% per annum since 1950, is projected to discontinue and bend downward by the second decade of the 21st century.