What's the difference between oxidize and urobilin?
Oxidize
Definition:
(v. t.) To combine with oxygen, or subject to the action of oxygen, or of an oxidizing agent.
(v. t.) To combine with oxygen or with more oxygen; to add oxygen to; as, to oxidize nitrous acid so as to form nitric acid.
(v. t.) To remove hydrogen from (anything), as by the action of oxygen; as, to oxidize alcohol so as to form aldehyde.
(v. t.) To subject to the action of oxygen or of an oxidizing agent, so as to bring to a higher grade, as an -ous compound to an -ic compound; as, to oxidize mercurous chloride to mercuric chloride.
Example Sentences:
(1) Compound Z has the properties expected of an oxidized MPT precursor.
(2) PMNs could be primed for PMA-triggered oxidative burst by muramyl peptide molecules (MDP) and two of its adjuvant active nonpyrogenic derivatives.
(3) Arterial oxyhaemoglobin saturation (SaO2) was monitored continuously during normal labour in 33 healthy parturients receiving pethidine and nitrous oxide for analgesia.
(4) The stopped-flow technique was used to measure the rate constants for the reactions between the oxidized forms of peroxidase with luminol and the following substrates: p-iodophenol, p-bromophenol, p-clorophenol, o-iodophenol, m-iodophenol, luciferin, and 2-iodo-6-hydroxybenzothiazole.
(5) The results show that in TMO-treated animals the time to the onset of convulsions, the time to the onset of NADH oxidation-reduction cycles, and the survival time were significantly longer than in the control group.
(6) Nitrous oxide, 60% (P less than 0.025) and 80% (P less than 0.02), caused significant increases in release of beta-endorphin.
(7) Uptake could be supported either by substrate oxidation or by adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), and was inhibited in the former case by antimycin or cyanide, in the latter case by oligomycin, and in both cases by 2,4-dinitrophenol.
(8) Peripheral blood monocytes undergo an oxidative burst similar to that seen in neutrophils.
(9) Direct limiting effects of hypothermia on tissue O2 delivery and muscle oxidative metabolism as well as vasoconstriction and arteriovenous shunting associated with CPB procedures are likely to be involved in the above mentioned alterations of cell metabolism.
(10) EDRF is even more labile than prostacyclin, with a half-life of about 6 seconds, and it has recently been identified as nitric oxide.
(11) Both SAA and non-SAA enhanced ammonium excretion but only non-SAA enhanced organic anion excretion, an indicator of incomplete oxidation of organic acids.
(12) Despite the nearly anaerobic state of the ascites tumor fluid in vivo, cancer cells suspended in this fluid oxidized FFA at least as fast as they do in vitro under aerobic conditions.
(13) Steroid-treated steers showed a slight decline in synthesis which was significant (P less than 0.05) at week +5 post-implant while amino acid oxidation was significantly lower at weeks +2 (P less than 0.01) and +5 (P less than 0.05) compared with control animals.
(14) In the present work, we measured the inactivation of methionine synthase and the concurrent homocysteine export rate of two murine and four human cell lines during nitrous oxide exposure.
(15) These series were prepared by oxidation of the new hydroquinone precursors.
(16) Rhesus monkey BAT mitochondria (BATM) possess an uncoupling protein that is characteristic of BAT as evidenced by the binding of [3H]GDP, the inhibition by GDP of the high Cl- permeability or rapid alpha-glycerol-3-phosphate oxidation.
(17) Anaesthesia was achieved by a mixture of oxygen, nitrous oxide and fluothane without use of muscle relaxants.
(18) Endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine and endothelium-independent relaxations to nitric oxide were observed in rings from both strains during contraction with endothelin.
(19) Rapid reaction studies show the formation of an intermediate which is common to both the oxidation and inactivation pathways.
(20) During the carcinogens metabolism compounds are assumed to be formed, those are able to affect oxidative phosphorylation without forming any stable link with the respiratory chain components.
Urobilin
Definition:
(n.) A yellow pigment identical with hydrobilirubin, abundant in the highly colored urine of fever, and also present in normal urine. See Urochrome.
Example Sentences:
(1) The microflora also influence the degradation of mucin, the conversion of urobilin to urobilinogen, of cholesterol to coprostanol, and the production of short chain fatty acids.
(2) The residual part of urobilinogen is further reduced to urobilin, stercobilin and dipyrrolmethenes and excreted in the faeces.
(3) These results point unambiguously to a urobilin structure with one vinyl and one ethyl beta-substituent.
(4) Isomeric forms of mesobiliviolin IXalpha and of i-urobilin IXalpha may also be formed.
(5) Chromic acid degradation of a d-urobilin, obtained after incubation of bilirubin in fecal bacterial cultures, gave methylvinylmaleimide and methylethylmaleimide.
(6) Measurements of the temperature dependence of the circular dichroism spectra of l-stercobilin and d-urobilin show that the conformations of these optically-active urobilinoids change with temperature between 163 and 297 degrees K. These conformational changes depend critically on the hydrogen bonding characteristics of the solvent.
(7) After oxidation of urobilinogen with iodine, the concentration of the resulting urobilin is directly determined from the absorption (or fluorescent) spectrum.
(8) High sensitivity and high specificity for the procedure result from the high value of absorption coefficient and by the characteristic absorption spectrum of zinc complex of urobilin, respectively.
(9) Serial estimations of SGOT and SGPT activity, urine tests for urobilin and bilirubin and haematological investigations were undertaken at frequent intervals.
(10) These results, coupled with those of earlier studies, also establish the absolute configuration of the (+)-urobilin 7 and of the phycobilin 8 at C-7'.
(11) These results indicate establishment of microbes capable of converting bilirubin to urobilins within the second year of life.
(12) This appears to be due to the interference of the large amounts of urobilin present in the urine of these patients.
(13) Previous methods to quantitate urobilinogen lack precision due to either incomplete reduction of urobilin or to losses of pigment before the use of Ehrlich's aldehyde reaction or due to pigment precipitation, as occurs in Schlesinger's fluorescent assay.
(14) i-Urobilin and 1-stercobilin were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography on a reversed-phase octadecylsilane-bonded column and detected fluorimetrically through formation of phosphor with zinc ions in the eluent.
(15) The following biochemical characteristics were studied in feces from children of 0-61 months of age: conversion of cholesterol to coprostanol and bilirubin to urobilins, inactivation of trypsin and degradation of mucin.
(16) With the use of tests for the demonstration of urobilin and urobilinogen in the urine no dependable idea could be found of the status of the pigment fraction in the liver of ketosis-affected cows or the fact that this fraction was involved to a considerable extent.
(17) The present procedure modifies the latter assay to obviate described problems as it is based on direct spectrophotometry (or spectrofluorometry) of a zinc complex of urobilin in dimethylsulfoxide.
(18) This last [corrected] case was negative for both blood and porphyrin in the urine, but positive for excess levels of urobilin, the oxidative product of urobilinogen.
(19) Bilirubin and urobilin, metabolic derivatives of BV, showed slight inhibitory effects on virus replication in the cells.
(20) and paper chromatography) analysis of the oxidized form of the labelled compound allowed its identification as urobilin-i.