(n.) Punishment suffered or denounced; suffering or evil inflicted as a punishment for crime, or connected with the commission of a crime; penalty.
(n.) Any uneasy sensation in animal bodies, from slight uneasiness to extreme distress or torture, proceeding from a derangement of functions, disease, or injury by violence; bodily distress; bodily suffering; an ache; a smart.
(n.) Specifically, the throes or travail of childbirth.
(n.) To inflict suffering upon as a penalty; to punish.
(n.) To put to bodily uneasiness or anguish; to afflict with uneasy sensations of any degree of intensity; to torment; to torture; as, his dinner or his wound pained him; his stomach pained him.
(n.) To render uneasy in mind; to disquiet; to distress; to grieve; as a child's faults pain his parents.
Example Sentences:
(1) Experience of pain is modified by intern and extern influences, and it can appear very multiformly in the chronicity.
(2) All subjects completed the Coping Strategies Questionnaire, which measures the use and perceived effectiveness of a variety of cognitive and behavioral coping strategies in controlling and decreasing pain.
(3) Although solely nociresponsive neurons are clearly likely to fill a role in the processing and signalling of pain in the conscious central nervous system, the way in which such useful specificity could be conveyed by multireceptive neurons is difficult to appreciate.
(4) Sixteen patients were operated on for lumbar pain and pain radiating into the sciatic nerve distribution.
(5) Needle acupuncture did, however, increase the pain threshold compared with the initial value (alpha = 0.1%).
(6) Pain is not reported in the removal area, the clinical examinations show identical findings on both patellar tendons, X-ray and ultrasound evaluations do not demonstrate any change in patellar position.
(7) For assessment of clinical status, investigators must rely on the use of standardized instruments for patient self-reporting of fatigue, mood disturbance, functional status, sleep disorder, global well-being, and pain.
(8) However, as the plan unravels, Professor Marcus's team turn on one another, with painfully (if painfully funny) results.
(9) During the chronic phase, pain was assessed using visual analogue scales at 8 AM and 4 PM daily.
(10) Symptoms, particularly colicky abdominal pain, improved during the period of chelation therapy.
(11) Cook, who has postbox-red hair and a painful-looking piercing in his lower lip, was now on stage in discussion with four fellow YouTubers, all in their early 20s.
(12) The main clinical symptom was pain, usually sciatica, while neurological symptoms were less common than they are in adults.
(13) The study revealed that hypophysectomy and ventricular injection of AVP dose dependently raised pain threshold and these effects were inhibited by naloxone.
(14) Anxious mood and other symptoms of anxiety were commonly seen in patients with chronic low back pain.
(15) During these delays, medical staff attempt to manage these often complex and painful conditions with ad hoc and temporizing measures,” write the doctors.
(16) In this study, a potassium nitrate-polycarboxylate cement was used as a liner and was found clinically to tend to preserve pulpal vitality and significantly eliminate or decrease postoperative pain.
(17) The successful treatment of the painful neuroma remains an elusive surgical goal.
(18) Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated previous LBP or back pain in another location of the spine were strongly associated with LBP during the study year.
(19) Our previous study demonstrated that acupuncture increased pain threshold of the body, especially in the inflammatory area.
(20) The triad of epigastric pain unrelieved by antacids, bilious vomiting, and weight loss, particularly after a gastric operation should make one suspect this syndrome.
Tactility
Definition:
(n.) The quality or state of being tactile; perceptibility by touch; tangibleness.
Example Sentences:
(1) Tactile stimulation of a coin-sized area in a T-2 dermatome consistently triggered a lancinating pain in the ipsilateral C-8 dermatome in a 38-year-old woman.
(2) Study I findings did not provide support for synergistic mechanisms; nonorthogonal analysis of variance showed interaction effects (CRT x IT) restricted to tactile-perceptual speed.
(3) For tactile modalities, a lesion of the spinothalamic complex causes minimal or no defects and a lesion of the posterior columns causes only slight defects, whereas a lesion of both pathways gives rise to total loss of tactile and pressure sensibility in the part of the body served by both pathways.
(4) More importantly, motor and cardiovascular responses to startle may be separated through discrimination of afferent stimuli suggesting either differences in neural pathways for acoustic and tactile stimuli or a differential dependency of the various responses on stimulus characteristics.
(5) Animals were trained to perform an orientation match-to-sample task using either a visual or a tactile orientation sample.
(6) Simple screening tests for visual and tactile inattention were used to investigate the influence of perceptual deficits on predictions for the outcome of acute stroke.
(7) The position of the visual receptive field of these neurons did not change after saccadic eyes displacements, but remained in-register with the tactile receptive field.
(8) Complete transection of the thoracic spinal cord eliminated both thermally elicited responses and orienting responses to noxious and tactile mechanical stimulation of the hindlimbs.
(9) The similarity between type III cells and Merkel cells (cells of the tactile system) was surprising.
(10) The level of the DA metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) increases only in pups receiving both odor and tactile stimulation and peaks at about 200% of baseline.
(11) IR is considered to be caused by a group of neurons in the brain stem which inhibit spinal motoneurons, either directly or indirectly, when those inhibitory neurons are activated by a specific pattern of tactile and proprioceptive input.
(12) Although they may occur spontaneously, they are commonly precipitated by tactile stimulation or movement of the extremity.
(13) The oscillatory activity was not affected by anesthesia, but it was often reduced by tactile stimulation or self-initiated movements.
(14) Detection of estrus in mares is problematic in that it requires the presence (or at least facsimile acoustic or tactile stimuli) or a stallion.
(15) The usefulness of tactile devices as aids to lipreading has been established.
(16) Tactile stimuli were applied to the right index fingertip at intervals ranging from 63 to 1,000 msec after the completion of rapid thumb movement.
(17) We previously reported a modality-specific layering of leg sensory axons in the CNS of the flies Phormia regina and Drosophila melanogaster with tactile and gustatory axons projecting into a ventral layer and the proprioceptive hair plate axons into an intermediate layer.
(18) Profound inhibitions of the second phase were also produced by tactile segmental stimulation and noxious stimuli applied to widespread areas of the body (diffuse noxious inhibitory controls).
(19) The apparatus is easily constructed, easily operated, and markedly increases the control of variables in tactile form perception experiments.
(20) Double burst stimulation (DBS) is a new nerve stimulation pattern introduced to facilitate tactile evaluation of recovery from neuromuscular blockade.