(a.) Affecting a whole people or a number of countries; everywhere epidemic.
(n.) A pandemic disease.
Example Sentences:
(1) The west Africa Ebola epidemic “Few global events match epidemics and pandemics in potential to disrupt human security and inflict loss of life and economic and social damage,” he said.
(2) The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has resulted in a worldwide pandemic of infection.
(3) The cholera-pandemic raging in South and Middle America and endemic cholera in other countries call for measures of health protection of the local population, but particularly with respect to the young, old, pregnant and immunocompromised citizens of countries importing food from the areas where the disease has struck.
(4) The seventh pandemic of cholera is still continuing (92 countries have so far been affected), and other organisms related to V. cholerae O1 are being reported increasingly frequently as the cause of diarrhoeal outbreaks as well as endemic diarrhoea.Recent research has considerably increased our understanding of how cholera is transmitted, the mechanisms by which V. cholera O1 produces disease, and the functioning of the local intestinal immune response by which individuals can be protected from infection.
(5) It is argued that prior to the present AIDS pandemic the efficiency of the rev receptor was enhanced by an ancestral recombination event.
(6) This study provides arguments that (1) strains of biotypes cholerae and El Tor are different clones, (2) a cholera pandemic is not a single world-wide epidemic (due to a single clone) but rather a simultaneous occurrence of several epidemics (several clones involved), and (3) epidemic waves of biotype El Tor could be due to the emergence of new clones.
(7) Two hypotheses are advanced for the range of hemagglutinin (HA) subtypes of viruses that can cause pandemics (1) circle or cycle limited to H1, H2, and H3 subtypes, thereby implying that a virus of the H2 subtype will cause the next pandemic; and (2) spiral, by which any one of the 14 HA subtypes recorded to date may be involved.
(8) This sequence is conserved in representative viruses from each of the major pandemics.
(9) The effect of the AIDS pandemic on the sexual behavior of the general population has not been clearly established.
(10) Mathematical modeling of the AIDS pandemic has been limited by the difficulty of satisfactorily representing the marked behavioral heterogeneity that characterizes the various populations at risk.
(11) Introductory comments are made regarding the seriousness of AIDS as a global pandemic, its initial identification and description, and the various patterns of epidemic spread observed throughout the world.
(12) The impact of the AIDS-pandemic on the social and economic structures will grow to very large dimensions in some countries.
(13) HIV is now a worldwide pandemic, affecting some ten million adults and one million children--the overwhelming majority from sub-Saharan Africa.
(14) (iv) The different virus lineages are predominantly host specific, but there are periodic exchanges of influenza virus genes or whole viruses between species, giving rise to pandemics of disease in humans, lower animals, and birds.
(15) Understanding of the nature and pathogenic mechanisms of the oral microbiota may lead to control of this pandemic infection.
(16) Only a limited number of A-subtypes of influenza virus so far caused disease in human subjects, pigs and horses; this occurred in more or less defined areas which occasionally showed epidemic aggravations, becoming apparent as rapidly spreading epidemics or otherwise in even the form of pandemics.
(17) This gap between discovery and disclosure allowed the Sony rootkit to become a global pandemic that infected hundreds of thousands of US military and government networks.
(18) The major antigenic changes in influenza A virus that occur at 10-year intervals reduce the effectiveness of existing vaccines and pose a problem for the control of pandemics by vaccination.
(19) These findings underline the importance of pigs as potential reservoirs for future human pandemics by the continued isolation (in Asia) of H3N2 and Hsw1N1 influenza viruses.
(20) Because prostitutes are viewed as a major source of a variety of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), many researchers have studied their role in spreading the AIDS pandemic.
Proportion
Definition:
(n.) The relation or adaptation of one portion to another, or to the whole, as respect magnitude, quantity, or degree; comparative relation; ratio; as, the proportion of the parts of a building, or of the body.
(n.) Harmonic relation between parts, or between different things of the same kind; symmetrical arrangement or adjustment; symmetry; as, to be out of proportion.
(n.) The portion one receives when a whole is distributed by a rule or principle; equal or proper share; lot.
(n.) A part considered comparatively; a share.
(n.) The equality or similarity of ratios, especially of geometrical ratios; or a relation among quantities such that the quotient of the first divided by the second is equal to that of the third divided by the fourth; -- called also geometrical proportion, in distinction from arithmetical proportion, or that in which the difference of the first and second is equal to the difference of the third and fourth.
(n.) The rule of three, in arithmetic, in which the three given terms, together with the one sought, are proportional.
(v.) To adjust in a suitable proportion, as one thing or one part to another; as, to proportion the size of a building to its height; to proportion our expenditures to our income.
(v.) To form with symmetry or suitableness, as the parts of the body.
(v.) To divide into equal or just shares; to apportion.
Example Sentences:
(1) The proportion of teeth per child with calculus was approximately 8 percent for supragingival and 4 percent for subgingival calculus.
(2) The proportion of motile spermatozoa decreased with time at the same rate when samples were prepared in either HEPES or phosphate buffers.
(3) These studies led to the following conclusions: (a) all the prominent NHP which remain bound to DNA are also present in somewhat similar proportions in the saline-EDTA, Tris, and 0.35 M NaCl washes of nuclei; (b) a protein comigrating with actin is prominent in the first saline-EDTA wash of nuclei, but present as only a minor band in the subsequent washes and on washed chromatin; (c) the presence of nuclear matrix proteins in all the nuclear washes and cytosol indicates that these proteins are distributed throughout the cell; (d) a histone-binding protein (J2) analogous to the HMG1 protein of K. V. Shooter, G.H.
(4) Lp(a) also complexes to plasmin-fibrinogen digests, and binding increases in proportion to the time of plasmin-induced fibrinogen degradation.
(5) A tiny studio flat that has become a symbol of London's soaring property prices is to be investigated by planning, environmental health and fire safety authorities after the Guardian revealed details of its shoebox-like proportions.
(6) The compressive strength of bone is proportional to the square of the apparent density and to the strain rate raised to the 0.06 power.
(7) (Predictive value positive refers to the proportion of all people identified who actually have the disease.)
(8) Of the 622 people interviewed, a large proportion (30.5%) believed that the first deciduous tooth should erupt between the age of 5-7 months; the next commonly mentioned time of tooth eruption was 7-9 months of age; and 50.3% of the respondents claimed to have seen a case of prematurely erupted primary teeth.
(9) The decline in the frequency of serious complications was primarily due to a decrease in the proportion of patients with open fractures treated with plate osteosynthesis from nearly 50% to 19%.
(10) At a fixed concentration of nucleotide the effectiveness of elution was proportional to the charge on the eluting molecule.
(11) Even if it were not the case that police use a variety of tricks to keep recorded crime figures low, this data would still represent an almost meaningless measure of the extent of crime in society, for the simple reason that a huge proportion of crimes (of almost all sorts) have always gone unreported.
(12) Using serial section electron microscopic reconstructions as a reference, we have chosen as our standard procedure a method that maximizes both the preservation of the cytoskeleton and the proportion of cells staining, while minimizing the degree of nonspecific staining.
(13) Little difference exists between the proportion of programs that offer training in first-trimester techniques and the proportion that train in second-trimester techniques.
(14) B and C, were identified and their relative proportions shown to be considerably greater in the foetus than in the adult.
(15) The distance of nucleoid sedimentation increased as a function of exposure temperature and exposure time, and was proportional to an increased protein to DNA ratio in the nucleoids.
(16) The fragile site at 10q25 was expressed in larger proportions of malignant than normal cells.
(17) The failure rates of the 2 regimens to suppress lactation were similar; however, rebound lactation occurred in a small proportion of women treated with bromocriptine.
(18) The antibody-hapten profiles revealed that the DNCB-fed animalss contained predominatly IgG2 in their serum by the time of their initial bleedings, whereas sensitized animals still contained a considerable proportion of more acidic antibodies having marked charge heterogeneity.
(19) The resistance proved to be directly dependent upon the specific antisense RNA and to be inversely proportional to the multiplicity of infecting polyoma.
(20) It is intended to aid in finding the appropriate PI (proportional-integral) controller settings by means of computer simulation instead of real experiments with the system.