(n.) The soft celluar substance of the tissues of plants and animals, like the pulp of leaves, to soft tissue of glands, and the like.
Example Sentences:
(1) While stereology is the principal technique, particularly in its application to the parenchyma, other compartments such as the airways and vasculature demand modifications or different methods altogether.
(2) Vascular surgical procedures sparing renal parenchyma are relatively new, as the most common treatment for this condition had been nephrectomy.
(3) Surrounding parenchyma may be partially compressed.
(4) Injection of T-dependent antigens into the subarachnoid space and brain parenchyma induced a marked antibody production in the spleen, as detected by plaque-forming cells (PFC).
(5) In chronic active hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, both carbohydrate antigen 19-9 positive biliary ductular cells and factor VIII-related antigen positive endothelial cells were not only observed in the enlarged portal area but also extended into the parenchyma.
(6) A pathogenetic mechanism is postulated to explain the subacute evolution of fluid collection with diffusion of proteolytic enzymes between the splenic capsule and parenchyma.
(7) The decortication is aimed at removing the chronic pleural sack and the possible parenchymatous lesions and at the recovery of the maximum functional pulmonary parenchyma.
(8) Our experience in 6 cases show the helpful use of intraoperative ultrasonography in the judgement of normal parenchyma.
(9) A wide window setting permits both pleura and lung parenchyma to be examined simultaneously.
(10) After birth, laminin mRNA was associated with intrahepatic bile channels; no laminin mRNA was detected in the parenchyma and protein deposition was restricted to blood sinus BM.
(11) Histopathological evaluations showed that sulfuric acid particles alone did not cause inflammatory responses in centriacinar units of rat lung parenchyma (expressed in terms of percent lesion area) but did cause significant damage (cell killing followed by a wave of cell replication) in nasal respiratory epithelium, as measured by uptake of tritiated thymidine in the DNA of replicating cells.
(12) Of the 20 expanding tumors, only six had direct spread in the liver parenchyma adjacent to the tumor (p less than 0.02).
(13) Relatively weaker GUS activity was also detected in pith parenchyma.
(14) Light and electron microscopic analysis showed a high concentration of this enzyme in stellate cells, particularly heavily distributed under the organ capsule and scattered in the parenchyma, where they form a widespread three-dimensional network.
(15) We observed that the distribution of three isoforms of smooth muscle myosin heavy chains is different in airways compared to pulmonary arteries, and in central airways and arteries compared to lung parenchyma.
(16) The electron-microscopic study has shown that ultrastructure of tumours and their growth rate depend on a degree of the parenchyma cell differentiation and on the maturity of connective tissue being the result of their specific interaction.
(17) Observations up to 16 weeks revealed diffuse involvement of the lung parenchyma with extensive collagenization.
(18) As shown earlier, at zero turgor pressure the intracellular freezing point of the parenchyma cells matches closely the negative pressure in the xylem sap.
(19) Studies in severe combined immunodeficient mice that were engrafted with selected lymphocyte subpopulations show that B cells, and hence anti-Cryptococcus antibodies, are not necessary for the CD4+ T cell-dependent responses that isolate and subsequently destroy this opportunistic pathogen in the lung parenchyma.
(20) Although approximately 29% of the inoculum was recovered from the hepatic parenchyma of the sheep, F. hepatica was found in only one of six inoculated deer.
Sclerenchyma
Definition:
(n.) Vegetable tissue composed of short cells with thickened or hardened walls, as in nutshells and the gritty parts of a pear. See Sclerotic.
(n.) The hard calcareous deposit in the tissues of Anthozoa, constituting the stony corals.
Example Sentences:
(1) The parenchyma located close to the sclerenchyma became indigestible as the cell walls lignified progressively from the third stage.
(2) During normal development of roots and leaves, the expression of the gene was transient and particularly high in regions initiating vascular elements and associated sclerenchyma.
(3) Many characters of leaf (hair, hypodermal cells, palisade layers, intercellular space, distinction between spongy and palisade parenchyma, "palisade ratio", distribution of collenchyma and sclerenchyma, presence or absence of starch grains, calcium oxalate crystals, number, shape and arrangement of bundles of petiole) are useful distinguishing characters.
(4) In mixed culture, both species adhered in significant numbers to the cut edges of most types of plant cell wall, but R. flavefaciens predominated on the epidermis, phloem, and sclerenchyma cell walls.
(5) The walls of the sclerenchyma of the treated straw were attacked by micro-organisms.
(6) Both treated and normal straw were abundantly colonized by rumen fungi, especially in the sclerenchyma.
(7) Zones of digestion were observed around bacteria of both species when attached to the lignified cell walls of the sclerenchyma, but not when attached to the lignified xylem vessels.
(8) Quantitation of tissue areas in cross sections by light microscopic techniques showed that fungal incubations resulted in significant (P = 0.05) increases in sclerenchyma degradation compared to whole ruminal fluid incubations.
(9) They also had a stronger reaction to Schiff reagent particularly in the sclerenchyma indicating that their polysaccharides were more accessible.
(10) Ryegrass stems were digested more slowly than lucerne stems, and the sclerenchyma and xylem of ryegrass were indigestible whatever the stage.
(11) Mixed ruminal fungi in selective cultures or in digesta taken directly from the rumen produced a massive clearing of the sclerenchyma.
(12) A rapid reaction of the acid-phloroglucin with lignin produced a deep red color in tracheary elements and an orange-red color in sclerenchyma.
(13) The abundant astrosclereids stained an orange-red color similar to that of sclerenchyma in the sections.
(14) In addition, high expression was observed in sclerenchyma and in the root cortex.
(15) The mestome cell wall was at times penetrated and partially degraded by fungi; the colonization was less frequent and to a lesser degree than with the sclerenchyma.