(n.) A word, phrase, or sentence, by way of comment or explanation, inserted in, or attached to, a sentence which would be grammatically complete without it. It is usually inclosed within curved lines (see def. 2 below), or dashes.
(n.) One of the curved lines () which inclose a parenthetic word or phrase.
Example Sentences:
(1) in parenthesis) 0.0 (4.0), +1.3 (4.0) and +0.6 (3.2) for the resting metabolic rate, -1.7 (4.0), -2.2 (3.2) and -1.7 (3.7) for arm work and +0.3 (2.0), -1.2 (2.9) and -0.3 (3.2) for leg work.
(2) After the medioeval parenthesis, it fell to Vesalius to give a new impulse to anatomical research.
(3) The enzymes used and, within parenthesis, the number of their cleavage sites on the P2 lg cc DNA molecule were: AvaI(3), BalI(1), BAMI(3), BglII(3), HaeIII (more than 40; only three were mapped), HindIII(0), HpaI(10), KpnI(3), PstI(3), SalI(2) and SmaI(2).
(4) Although a wide range of aminoacyl-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin derivatives (which are used to measure aminopeptidase activity) were hydrolysed by normal human cortical soluble extract, fractionation of the latter via anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography resolved only 4 separable aminopeptidase types (activity relative to alanyl aminopeptidase in parenthesis): alanyl (EC 3.4.11.14, 100%); arginyl (2 isoenzymes, EC 3.4.11.6, 15%); pyroglutamyl (EC 3.4.19.3, 4%); and leucyl (EC 3.4.11.1, 1%).
(5) Using the parenthesis as target and noise that are either identical or different in orientation, we tested predictions derived from a feature-specific inhibition model (Bjork & Murray, 1977) that explains the NRE as arising from inhibitory interactions among channels handling identical inputs.
(6) The numbers of eggs laid by the 10 specimens of each strain were respectively (viable eggs in parenthesis): 44 (26), 1 (1), 5 (0), 15 (7) and 38 (0).
(7) In PMSG study, the ED50 values per animal and per body weight (kg) in parenthesis were as follows: i. v., 0.8 (30.8); i. p., 2.0 (76.9); s. c., 2.8 (107.7) I. U. for mice, i. v., 3.6 (34.3); i. p., 8.0 (76.2); s. c., 13.2 (125.7) I. U. for syrian hamsters and i. v., 6.0 (76.8); i. p., 20.8 (73.0); s. c., 76.8 (269.5) I. U. for rats, respectively.
(8) Taking cytochromes o and b as standard for comparison, the epimastigotes samples could be grouped as follows (in parenthesis number of passages through the culture medium): 1) stocks with a relatively high content of cytochromes b and o, prevailing the former (stocks Y (116), RA (114), AF, FN, TN and MG (14 y 16); 2) stocks with a relatively low content of both cytochromes: Y (119), AWP and UP; 3) stocks with a low content of cytochrome b, without cytochrome o: CA-I and CA-I (V); 4) stocks without cytochromes: Y(117 and 118) and RA(113).
(9) Scott made sure that many letters supportive of forcible feeding were published, as well as those that were critical, and frequently attached a paragraph, in parenthesis, at the end of any one letter with which he particular disagreed.
(10) When hCG was injected into i. v., i. p. and s. c., the ED50 values per animal and per body weight (kg) in parenthesis were as follows; 0.2 (7.7), 0.3 (11.5) and 0.7 (26.9) I. U. for mice, 1.0 (9.5), 1.8 (17.1) and 2.6 (24.8) I. U. for syrian hamsters and 1.3 (4.6), 3.5 (12.3) and 7.5 (26.3) I. U. for rats, respectively.
(11) The equality or inequality in parenthesis was the relation operator which gave -1 or 0 when the expression was true of false, respectively.
(12) Saturday marks the end of a brief parenthesis in the 27-year-old’s season after a string of one-day races.
(13) What starts as a thesis about managing migration to preserve the welfare state - the fact that the NHS and many other public services owe their existence to mass migration earns an entire parenthesis towards the end - develops into a diatribe about the flaws of ethnic diversity.
(14) In parenthesis: Cameron’s fixation with “security” as a governing theme long predates Corbyn’s election.
(15) An antipathy to doctors seems one of his "preselected feelings", and the narrator takes a parenthesis – "(now where did that come from)" – to acknowledge that there is something behind this.
(16) But for Jewish people to be so quick to be thin-skinned is not good either, and is in danger of seeming coercive.Baddiel’s throwaway parenthesis on Israel’s being “deemed the nutcase pariah-state du jour”, is frankly disreputable, and gives the impression that he is “playing the antisemitism card” with more in mind than the banal misspeakings of a few footballers.
(17) After the definition, a short note in parenthesis: "usage: rare" (and today, too, the spellchecker has red-underlined the word.
(18) Excessive chromosomes in the primary tumors were usually due to extra chromosomes in the following groups (numbers of tumors involved are shown in parenthesis): No.
(19) Instrument differences (Dinamap minus Doppler) for the parallel wrap (95% confidence intervals in parenthesis) were -1.5 mmHg (-3.1, 0.0) and -3.9 mmHg (-5.6, -2.2) for the contour wrap.
(20) The definitions and significant implications of two major theoretical concepts of this meta-theory of cognition, namely structural determinism and objectivity-in-parenthesis, are discussed.
Parenthetical
Definition:
(a.) Of the nature of a parenthesis; pertaining to, or expressed in, or as in, a parenthesis; as, a parenthetical clause; a parenthetic remark.
(a.) Using or containing parentheses.
Example Sentences:
(1) Parenthetically, it should also be said that electron microscopy has proven particularly well suited to the examination of fine-needle aspiration specimens.
(2) Strangely there have been no direct appeals to the public, apart from a parenthetical note that voters determine who is prime minister.
(3) Close compliance with the SI nomenclature and rules of use assures that the SI are universally understood without additional parenthetical explanations.
(4) The parenthetical G and T were preferred secondarily to T and G, respectively, whereas T and G in the 13th position from the left were equally preferred.
(5) Stories from other people were treated similarly: brief points about their accusations accompanied by parenthetical denials from Richardson's camp.
(6) Parenthetically, large populations provide opportunity to study multiple factor interaction; without this, toxic potential of a single agent may be obscured.
(7) Sebald goes on to recount his own eventual landfall on the island in 1996, then employs this – the parenthetic of his own life – to consider the strange denouement and afterlife of the pre-eminent ideologue of the French revolution.
(8) They became inconvenient parenthetical phrases, in career-long odes."
(9) Since hypertension must result from narrowing of blood vessels, delta Lmax is, parenthetically, the important variable to study.
(10) Parenthetically, it should be noted that the membrane fraction was devoid of the cytosolic enzyme marker, lactate dehydrogenase.
(11) A parenthetical finding was that at our institution liver scan alone appeared to be the most adequate imaging workup of suspected hepatic disease.
(12) Nineteen food samples which did not comply (as indicated parenthetically by actual counts per gram) with the requirements were (i) total aerobic plate count: beef soup and gravy base (18,000), chicken soup and gravy base (57,000), spaghetti with meat sauce (12,100 and 14,000), sugared coffee (> 300,000), chocolate ice cream cubes (20,000), and each of four samples of chocolate candy (12,000 to 61,000); (ii) coliforms: two out of three vanilla milk drinks (16 and 127) and one beef hash bar (14); (iii) fecal coliforms: one sample of chicken soup and gravy base positive; (iv) fecal streptococci: two samples of peanut cubes (40 and 108), coconut cubes (75), chicken soup and gravy base (2,650), beef soup and gravy base (33), and five out of six flavored milk drinks (23 to 300); (v) salmonellae: one each of chicken and beef soup and gravy base were positive.
(13) Parenthetically, these elevated levels of aldosterone and renin were probably the norm for man during much of human evolution and suggest that the values observed in civilized controls are depressed by an excessive salt intake in contemporary diets.
(14) Further comment on how he finds it should have been added parenthetically (and rather sycophantically), and not in the context of added emphasis to his regional peculiarity” – Brett Crowley.
(15) But it also contains an even more intriguing parenthetical aside about the "difficult case" of George Eliot, who wrote not out of frustration, but "as an extension of the womanly duty of mediation".
(16) That is just a political fact and sometimes I am afraid politics is the art of the possible, not always the ideal," adding parenthetically under his breath: "Boy, do I know that after a year and a half in coalition government."
(17) Parenthetically, the mirror image operation of lateral segmentectomy could result in devascularization of the medial segment if dissection and ligation were performed within the umbilical fissure instead of well to the left of this landmark.
(18) Parenthetically, the model may also be adapted to the case where the vast majority of individuals in the population are generally subthreshold in relation to the physiological stimulus: such an adaption leads to interesting ways of viewing the mammalian reproductive cycle and the regulation of the preovulatory LH surge.
(19) Among the changes being considered for DSM-IV are to include duration criteria for mania, to separate bipolar II patients (depression and hypomania) from bipolar not otherwise specified, to refine the criteria for hypomania, and to add rapid cycling to the list of parenthetical modifiers for bipolar disorder with mania and bipolar disorder with hypomania.
(20) Parenthetically, a further outcome appears elsewhere in the official report from which the figures came, Employment and Support Allowance: Work Capability Assessment, October 2010 .