(n.) Special countenance or support; favor, encouragement, or aid, afforded to a person or a work; as, the patronage of letters; patronage given to an author.
(n.) Business custom.
(n.) Guardianship, as of a saint; tutelary care.
(n.) The right of nomination to political office; also, the offices, contracts, honors, etc., which a public officer may bestow by favor.
(n.) The right of presentation to church or ecclesiastical benefice; advowson.
(v. t.) To act as a patron of; to maintain; to defend.
Example Sentences:
(1) But critics say that bringing the judicial system under political control will do nothing to improve its efficiency, and instead will leave judges dependent on political patronage and subject to political pressure.
(2) Patronage at the airport in the early years would not justify a dedicated rail link.
(3) The primary need of the people is not western-style educational patronage, but an end to the arms trade and multinational looting of resources.
(4) State, regional and municipal public administrations remain politicised and ridden by patronage.
(5) The fall of the general – a man who "kills people easily" claimed one witness – came after his own rebel movement turned against him and he lost the patronage of neighbouring Rwanda .
(6) As the locus of many migrants' investments, the village of Los Pinos has experienced a modest growth in the number of full-time jobs paying somewhat above the minimum urban wage and in a variety of petty entrepreneurial activities depending heavily on the patronage of migrant households, themselves heavily subsidized by remittances.
(7) Zhang has enjoyed the patronage of former president Jiang Zemin.
(8) Suu Kyi's relationship with the generals has reportedly turned sour again In her tireless efforts to secure cooperation from the military, Suu Kyi has repeatedly expressed her appreciation, respect and “genuine” affection for the Tatmadaw (feudal military), which her father founded under Japan’s fascist patronage in December 1942, much to the dismay of many minorities who have borne the brunt of the organisation’s ruthless policies.
(9) Liaqat Baloch, a leader of the Jamaat-e-Islami, a rightwing religious-political party, said: “Malala is a Pakistani student and she is getting a lot of support and patronage abroad.
(10) The proposition was attacked by others who claimed it would save very little from the Whitehall budget while simply weakening ministerial patronage – a great controlling hand over government, particularly in a time of coalition.
(11) At the last major budget meeting in July, politicians of the left and right buried their differences to agree on strengthening a four-year budget that privatised local authority-owned companies (a huge source of patronage and corruption), and ended the stranglehold of the ordini – self-regulating associations that control entry into the law, medicine and other professions.
(12) Despite numerous irregularities ... you have managed to thwart this regime’s congenital traps of fraud.” Bongo, 57, who first won election after his father Omar died in 2009 after 42 years as president, has benefited from the power of incumbency as well as a patronage system lubricated by oil largesse.
(13) It is clear Sayeed appears to operate with a measure of patronage from the Pakistani establishment and the Zardari government recently cleared the purchase of a bulletproof Land Cruiser for him.
(14) He may not be able to cling to his status as the nation's court jester, however, without the BBC's patronage.
(15) The [relief] measures will not affect anyone earning above €1,000 a month.” Patronage politics and vested interests had made it impossible for Greek governments, including prime minister Antonis Samaras’s fragile, two-party alliance, to step back and reform.
(16) The local Turkomen and Yazidi population have additionally formed their own militias under the patronage of local and foreign backers.
(17) However, legislation and rules of provision's patronage are complex and appear misunderstood with themselves who regularly use them in their practice.
(18) Zuma's governing African National Congress (ANC), re-elected in May, has long been dogged by allegations of patronage and cronyism.
(19) As one example of potential situations that Hezbollah fears, the Sunni Muslim Brotherhood, long abused by the Assad dynasty in such acts as the massacre by Hafez-al Assad at Hama in 1982, would be highly reluctant to accept the continued Iranian patronage and guidance that characterises the current Assad-Iran relationship.
(20) In many ways, the election will be a clash of epic proportions, a battle between a long-time president and a new challenger, between Russia and the West, between personal patronage and corporate sponsorship, between old friends turned enemies.
Prebendal
Definition:
(a.) Of or pertaining to a prebend; holding a prebend; as, a prebendal priest or stall.
Example Sentences:
(1) Additionally, after applying small-fragment DC plates with varying angles of prebending and varying forces of prestressing on perpendicular shaft osteotomies, stability tests were carried out.
(2) But when they are applied to dual fractures of the hip and the middle portion of the shaft, certain techniques, like adequate distal fixation, the prebending of the plate, primary bone graft and mobilization of the non-weight bearing pattern should be strictly adhered to for assurance of early callus formation and prevention of implant failure.
(3) On the basis of theoretical considerations and extensive experiments, we found a distinct improvement in interfragmentary compression when the osteotomy-planes are set at an angle of 6 degrees open to the lateral side before external compression with 1000 N. In this way "functional plate-prebending" is achieved.
(4) Compression together with prebending, especially when using plates of adequate stiffness, can prevent bone resorption at the fragment surfaces even under immediate weight-bearing conditions in the sheep tibia.
(5) Furthermore it was found that the physiological antecurvature of the femur on the lateral view does not correspond with the prebending of the OA-nail.
(6) Preliminary tests suggest, that a combination of plate lag-screw and prebending offers stability up to high loads.
(7) The complications were: one postoperative infection, penetration of the nail through the femoral cortex in three femora before prebending of the nail became part of the procedure, and ectopic bone about the proximal end of the rod.
(8) The necessary prestress force, the angle of prebending and the resulting center of compression in the fracture site were experimentally examined.
(9) The highest level of stress was located near the holes, in the areas where prebending takes place.
(10) The effects of prebending and prestressing in compressional osteo-synthesis with application of the AO small-fragment DC plate on the bones of the forearm were examined.
(11) It revealed that the semirigid interconnecting line would not severely restrict the movement of the patient provided it has the proper prebend configuration.
(12) The stability of fixation can be increased through the use of compression combined with prebending.
(13) The present study in 19 sheep demonstrates the biological effects of 3 modes of plating fixation: (1) no compression; (2) compression; and (3) compression after prebending using 2 types of compression plates with different stiffness evaluated radiographically and histologically.
(14) Two measuring methods would be investigate by which the correlation between prestraining and prebending could be determined.