(n.) Any element, atom, or radical, having a valence of five, or which can be combined with, substituted for, or compared with, five atoms of hydrogen or other monad; as, nitrogen is a pentad in the ammonium compounds.
(a.) Having the valence of a pentad.
Example Sentences:
(1) Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is characterized by the pentad of fever, thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, fluctuating neurologic symptoms, and renal dysfunction.
(2) This case supports the associational of thoracoabdominal ectopia cordis (Cantrell's pentad) with chromosomal errors, specifically trisomy 18.
(3) Of the 41 botulinal toxin-positive persons, 38 (93%) had at least three of the commonly recognized pentad of signs or symptoms--nausea and vomiting, dysphagia, diplopia, dilated and fixed pupils, or dry mouth and throat--and 20 (49%) required respiratory assistance.
(4) Review of the reported literature of the Pentalogy of Cantrell and various combinations of the anomalies within the spectrum of this pentad suggests that the PC defines a specific midline ventral developmental field.
(5) There was an increase in the numbers of 'bare' T-tubules and an increased occurrence of diadic, pentadic and heptadic junctions between the membranes of the T-tubules and terminal cisternae.
(6) It is characterized by a pentad of clinical findings: fever, neurological abnormalities, renal dysfunction, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia.
(7) Clinical signs and symptoms of nausea and vomiting, dysphagia, diplopia, dilated pupils, and dry throat occurred with great frequency, forming a diagnostic pentad.
(8) Other clinical features were present inconsistently, and only 34% of "TTP" episodes involved the classic pentad of hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, neurologic disorders, noninfectious fever, and renal impairment.
(9) Common bile duct lithiasis was responsible in 80% of cases presenting with Reynolds' pentad and in 66% of postoperative mortality.
(10) The presence of renal impairment, occurring as frequently as any of the pentad of features that characterize the syndrome, has important implications for the prognosis and long term management of these patients.
(11) By using more specific criteria than the classical clinical pentad, the diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura during pregnancy can be made with greater accuracy.
(12) It is characterized by a pentad of clinical findings, including microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenic purpura, neurologic and renal abnormalities, and fever.
(13) Information from out patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura implicates respiratory dysfunction as a component of this disease as well as the classically described pentad.
(14) Nuclear chain fibers, in contrast, possess an unusually well-developed SR and T system and a variety of multiple junctional couplings (dyads, triads, quatrads, pentads, septads).
(15) 23% of the 17 patients with pus in the bile duct showed Reynolds' pentad, which was observed in 10% of patients with nonsuppurative acute cholangitis.
(16) During anaphase I the pentad sex chromosomes lie freely between the two sister cells.
(17) It is of prognostic significance, and should be considered as important as the clinical findings of Reynold's pentad.
(18) Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare disorder of unknown etiology, clinically characterized by a diagnostic pentad (thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, neurologic signs and symptoms, fever and renal damage).
(19) Diagnosis of TTP is usually made on the basis of the pentad of anemia, thrombocytopenia, renal disease, neurologic abnormalities, and fever.
(20) The tetrade "REST syndrome" becomes in these cases the pentade "CREST syndrome".
Valence
Definition:
(n.) The degree of combining power of an atom (or radical) as shown by the number of atoms of hydrogen (or of other monads, as chlorine, sodium, etc.) with which it will combine, or for which it can be substituted, or with which it can be compared; thus, an atom of hydrogen is a monad, and has a valence of one; the atoms of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon are respectively dyads, triads, and tetrads, and have a valence respectively of two, three, and four.
Example Sentences:
(1) The mixed-valence-state cytochrome oxidase mixed with O2 at -24 degrees C and flash-photolysed at -60 to -100 degrees C reacts with O2 and initially forms an oxy compound (A2) similar to that formed from the fully reduced state (A1).
(2) Additional results, together with simulations based on a simple kinetic model, suggest that the reduced apparent valence of the low slope component of the Q-V curve results from gating charge immobilization occurring at holding potential.
(3) A related explanation is that the 609 nm absorbance involves a charge-transfer interaction of both iron and copper as a mixed-valence binuclear complex, Cua3, having properties of a non-blue copper.
(4) RBDs were significantly more impaired than LBDs or NCs on category and valence accuracy, while LBDs posed expressions with significantly more intensity than RBDs or NCs.
(5) The extent of adsorption was affected by the concentration and valency of cations, indicating a charge-dependent process.
(6) Use of that principle was demonstrated by fourth grade children who judged that telling the truth, as opposed to lying, was shown by a consistency between the affective valence of the verbal and the nonverbal communications.
(7) Research reported here shows that primary and transferred releasing valences are differentially affected by environmental variables.
(8) Furthermore, the valences of all ions in solution on both sides of the membrane are taken to be of equal absolute magnitude.
(9) Possible valence bond structures for 3-methylpurine residues in DNA are discussed, leading to the suggestion that ionized forms with positively charged amino groups may be the most effective blocks to template activity.
(10) A confirmatory factor analysis on these subscales showed that the Affective Valence, Empathic Caring, Self-Sacrifice, and Societies' Duties subscales each reflect a humanitarian concern for children and that the Instrumentality and Authoritarian Attitude subscales tap values involving a moralistic expectation of children.
(11) The excitatory potential, the involvement potential, and the hedonic valence of the nonerotic and erotic stimuli were also assessed.
(12) A monovalent form of concanavalin A (m-Con A) has been prepared to determine the importance of valence for human lymphocyte surface binding and subsequent lymphocyte stimulation as measured by blast transformation and cytotoxicity.
(13) As concerns the valence of the natural focus, the most important was the inundated forest in the Drnholec locality.
(14) Examination of the antigen dose-response curves and maximal responses obtained suggests that valency of the antigen may be important both in determining the avidity of interaction between the pCTL and the antigen-bearing structure, and in determining the extent to which localized receptor cross-linking occurs on the cell surface to result in triggering.
(15) Therefore, no conclusions about biological valence and tumour localisation could be drawn from the aspect of the cell picture which we observed and from the degree of pleocytosis.
(16) During presentation of pictures with negative valence the m. frontalis lateralis and the m. corrugator supercilii revealed enhanced EMG-reactions as compared to the repeated presentation of pictures with positive valence.
(17) The degree and the character of these changes depend on cation valency and the initial value of cell EM.
(18) Maximum adsorption at 23 degrees C occurred within 2 h. The amounts of DNA which adsorbed to sand increased with the salt concentration (0.1 to 4 M NaCl and 1 mM to 0.2 M MgCl2), salt valency (Na+ less than Mg2+ and Ca2+), and pH (5 to 9).
(19) The influence of valence and heavy chain on antibody activity was investigated using transfectoma-derived, class-switched IgG1 and IgM human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reactive with the bacterial pathogens Escherichia coli K1 and group B Streptococcus species.
(20) The obtained data allows to suggest that one of the possible mechanisms of 6-ONDA neurotoxic action includes the generation of superoxide, whose dismutation to hydrogen peroxide in the presence of transient valency ions gives rise to HO.