(n.) The act of permuting; exchange of the thing for another; mutual transference; interchange.
(n.) The arrangement of any determinate number of things, as units, objects, letters, etc., in all possible orders, one after the other; -- called also alternation. Cf. Combination, n., 4.
(n.) Any one of such possible arrangements.
(n.) Barter; exchange.
Example Sentences:
(1) In each study, all subjects underwent four replications (over two days) of one of the six permutations of the three experimental conditions; each condition lasted 5 min.
(2) On days 39-70 of gestation, the mean serum relaxin concentrations were significantly lower in ten resorbing ectopic gestations (P less than .001, permutation test) than in the normal control group of 13 intrauterine pregnancies.
(3) Using both circular permutation and circularization assays we provide convincing biochemical evidence that TFIIIA bends the DNA at the internal promoter of the 5S gene.
(4) With the combined data, we used the computer program CRI-MAP to build the most likely sequence of loci by sequentially adding single loci to a fixed pair of loci and separately calculating the likelihood of all permutations of four consecutive loci.
(5) There are all sorts of permutations here, not least that founders Ed Wray and Andrew "Bert" Black – who still own 19% of the company – could retain their shares in a company CVC takes private.
(6) DNA molecules of B. subtilis phage SPP1 exhibit terminal redundancy and are partially circularly permuted.
(7) To explore the functionality and conservation of specific base differences in the 3' 200 nucleotides of brome mosaic virus (BMV) RNA-1 (1t) and RNA-2 (2t) with respect to the 3' end of RNA-3 (3t), all possible permutations were used to exchange these regions among the genomic RNAs.
(8) Three variants, X2k, X3k, and X4k order the different permutations of leukocyte and red cell Kx antigen production that have been recognized.
(9) While the great number of permutations possible with dose-response models, detailed risk estimates and proposed projection models precludes any unique result, the reduced integral coefficients are required to conform to the linear, absolute-risk model recommended for use with the integral risk estimates reviewed.
(10) With these methods, some allocation sequences are impossible or highly unlikely so that standard permutation tests are technically invalidated.
(11) Statistical significance of the observed relationships revealed by these representations are assessed by a hierarchy of permutation procedures and by comparisons with theoretical random models.
(12) But though Brown might like to copyright all permutations of the word, George Osborne has made a grab for fairness, as has Nick Clegg.
(13) These results confirm the suggestion that circularly permuted and terminally redundant chromosomes of T-even phages are made of fragments.
(14) Analysts of both genders who have access to their own maternal erotic countertransferences and their patients' matching transferences may enable their patients' acceptance of and immersion in the maternal erotic transference in its loving and sado-masochistic permutations and thus foster the making of a sense of wholeness, and connectedness to living.
(15) Permutation tests are also presented for the case of stratified analyses within one or more subgroups of patients defined post hoc on the basis of a covariate.
(16) A set of ten different sequences was employed, comprising all base permutations at positions 2, 4, and 5 of the consensus sequence 5'(TGTGA)3'.
(17) Gel mobility shift assays with circularly permuted bent DNA fragments and purified RIP60 showed that RIP60 markedly enhanced DNA bending of the dhfr origin region sequences.
(18) Preferred permutations of sexes were those in which the first child was male and subsequent children resulted in an alternation of sexes.
(19) Terminal redundancy may exist and the populations of linear phages may be uniform or randomly permuted.
(20) Poststratified subgroup analyses can also be performed on the basis of the urn design permutational distribution.
Retrograde
Definition:
(a.) Apparently moving backward, and contrary to the succession of the signs, that is, from east to west, as a planet.
(a.) Tending or moving backward; having a backward course; contrary; as, a retrograde motion; -- opposed to progressive.
(a.) Declining from a better to a worse state; as, a retrograde people; retrograde ideas, morals, etc.
(v. i.) To go in a retrograde direction; to move, or appear to move, backward, as a planet.
(v. i.) Hence, to decline from a better to a worse condition, as in morals or intelligence.
Example Sentences:
(1) Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography failed to demonstrate any bile ducts in the right postero-lateral segments of the liver, the "naked segment sign".
(2) Nonetheless, anatomical continuity was restored at the site of injury, axons projected across this region, and rostral spinal and brainstem neurons could be retrogradely labelled following HRP injections administered caudal to the lesion.
(3) The recorded APs were further subdivided into those exhibiting consistent antegrade conduction during sinus rhythm (overt APs: 50 left APs, eight right APs), those exhibiting intermittent antegrade conduction (intermittent APs: six left APs, two right APs), and those exhibiting only retrograde conduction (concealed APs: 33 left APs, two right APs).
(4) The behavior of the retrograde H deflection in respect to the first extra beat following the premature QRS complex helped in excluding bundle branch reentry.
(5) Diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with complicated forms of the disease helps in identifying the cause of jaundice before the operation.
(7) This report describes a newly developed catheter system with the aid of which the cystic duct and gallbladder can be reliably catheterized, retrograde, via an endoscope.
(8) Previous studies are reviewed in the light of new information on retrograde axonal transport, circumventricular organs, the proper use of horseradish peroxidase, freeze-fracturing, immunocytochemistry and plasma protein gene expression in the developing human brain.
(9) Injection of horseradish peroxidase into the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) led to heavy retrograde and anterograde labeling in the region of the hypothalamus that yielded the CRDR when stimulated electrically.
(10) These characteristics are consistent with the proposal that cytoplasmic dynein plays a universal role in retrograde organelle motility.
(11) Retrograde extrapolation is applicable in the forensic setting with scientific reliability when reasonable and justifiable assumptions are utilized.
(12) After injection of HRP-WGA into the contralateral hippocampus 2% of hilar NPY-i neurons were retrogradely labeled and symmetric NPY-i synapses were found on the cell bodies and dendrites of unstained HRP-WGA labeled neurons.
(13) Retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase and immunocytochemical visualization of glutamate (Glu) were combined to investigate the neurotransmitter used by cortico-cortical neurons in the first (SI) and second (SII) somatic sensory areas of macaque monkeys.
(14) In 40 subjects the propagation sequence of phasic contractions could be evaluated and were simultaneous in 53%, antegrade in 35%, and retrograde in 11% of the waves.
(15) 314 patients were managed conservatively and 524 required intervention therapy: 52 with blind endoscopic techniques, 93 with open surgery, 122 with retrograde ureteroscopy, 168 with percutaneous extraction and 92 with ESWL.
(16) None of the cases was diagnosed by retrograde pyelography for fractionally visualized excretory urography and 3 were within 9 months of a previously normal excretory urogram alone or with retrograde pyelography.
(17) We examined in rats the effectiveness of administering verapamil into ischemic tissue by retrograde perfusion through the cerebral vein, starting 3 hours after occlusion of the middle cerebral artery.
(18) Fluorescent labels, injected into either the hindlimb muscles or the cerebellum, are retrogradely transported to motoneurones or dorsal spinocerebellar tract neurones respectively.
(19) Glutamate-immunoreactive neurons were present throughout the acoustic thalamus, including the regions containing the retrogradely labeled neurons.
(20) Injections of horseradish peroxidase into the telencephalon retrogradely labeled neurons ipsilaterally in various thalamic, preglomerular, and tuberal nuclei, the nucleus of the locus coeruleus (also contralaterally), the superior raphe, and portions of the nucleus lateralis valvulae.