(n.) A semisolid unctuous substance, neutral, and without taste or odor, derived from petroleum by distilling off the lighter portions and purifying the residue. It is a yellowish, fatlike mass, transparent in thin layers, and somewhat fluorescent. It is used as a bland protective dressing, and as a substitute for fatty materials in ointments.
Example Sentences:
(1) These phantoms are made of bone ash suspended in white petrolatum in varying concentrations.
(2) This effect is quite marked and cannot be due solely to psychological effects of the rub therapy, or to effects of petrolatum without aromatics.
(3) This caused immediately a significant decrease in the capacitance of the cream treated sites, whereas a tendency towards higher values were noted on the petrolatum-treated sites.
(4) A thick viscous base (hydrophilic petrolatum) was more effective than a hydrophilic cream base (hydrophilic ointment), presumably because of greater occlusivity.
(5) Approximately half the number of patients preferred dithranol in petrolatum or Amitase stick and the other half preferred Micanol.
(6) Fifty normal control volunteers were patch tested to 20% neomycin as well as tobramycin 1%, 10%, 20% and 30% in white petrolatum.
(7) The spherules are altered red blood cells that form as the result of prolonged contact with necrotic fat or petrolatum-based ointments.
(8) The moisturizers were pure petrolatum and three oil-in-water creams.
(9) The effects of temperature and mechanical shear on the microcrystalline structure of petrolatum are examined; syneresis determinations and rheological methods are utilized as indicators of the integrity of this structure.
(10) The purpose of the present study was to evaluate compatibility between aluminium Finn Chambers and various mercurials either dissolved in water or dispersed in petrolatum (at the concentrations used in patch test clinics).
(11) New alcohol derivatives of N,N-disubstituted amino acids with a low toxicity have been synthesized and evaluated for their transdermal penetration enhancing effects on the transport of indomethacin from petrolatum ointments across shed skin of black rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta).
(12) However, a dressing of a tetracycline-steroid ointment in a petrolatum base and a hemostatic agent was placed in the tooth socket during surgery and the dressing may have allowed air into the deeper tissues.
(13) The other arm was similarly treated with the ointment base (white petrolatum USP) to provide the control area.
(14) Single doses of 14C-viprostol were administered topically to rats in three formulations: silicone oil, petrolatum base, and triethyl citrate (TEC).
(15) Bedridden individuals should use petrolatum, whereas the ambulatory would be better served by the use of lotions and creams.
(16) The ocular levels of tetracycline were increased by the vehicle in this ascending order: isotonic saline, 1.4% polyvinyl alcohol, 1% alpha-methylcellulose, and a 6:4 mixture of white petrolatum-mineral oil ointment.
(17) Patch-tests (20 p. 100 in petrolatum) were used in order to show this cross-sensitivity.
(18) The permeation of cortisone and benzoic acid applied in a petrolatum vehicle was determined in vivo in rats and with rat skin in the flow-through and static-diffusion cells.
(19) Qualitative and semiquantitative analysis using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed that dithranol (0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%) remained rather stable in white petrolatum for 10 weeks, regardless of the presence or absence of salicylic acid.
(20) In the office or hospital, the usual measures are firm pressure, placement of a piece of cotton dipped in a cocaine-epinephrine solution, taking of a brief history, application of petrolatum, and taping of the nose.
Petroleum
Definition:
(n.) Rock oil, mineral oil, or natural oil, a dark brown or greenish inflammable liquid, which, at certain points, exists in the upper strata of the earth, from whence it is pumped, or forced by pressure of the gas attending it. It consists of a complex mixture of various hydrocarbons, largely of the methane series, but may vary much in appearance, composition, and properties. It is refined by distillation, and the products include kerosene, benzine, gasoline, paraffin, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) This paper reviews the epidemiologic studies of petroleum workers published in the English language, focusing on research pertaining to the petroleum industry, rather than the broader petrochemical industry.
(2) Case mothers were more likely to report occupational exposure to metals (odds ratio [OR] = 8.0, P = 0.01), petroleum products (OR = 3.7, P = 0.03), and paints or pigments (OR = 3.7, P = 0.05).
(3) Therefore, the presence on a refinery site of a carcinogen other than petroleum has not been ruled out, and further study is urged.
(4) Onerous new regulations could threaten the shale energy revolution, America’s role as a global energy superpower, and the dramatic reductions in CO2 emissions made possible by an abundant and affordable domestic supply of clean-burning natural gas,” Jack Gerrard, president of the American Petroleum Institute, said in a statement.
(5) In forest, removal of olfactory substances from the human skin, by vigorous washing and application of petroleum jelly, or by wearing impermeable clothing, greatly reduced the numbers of flies attracted.
(6) Likewise, greater occupational exposure to chemicals (paint, petroleum products, and unspecified chemicals) during pregnancy was found for mothers of patients (RR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.2-4.6).
(7) Experimental controlled ecosystems have provided essential information about the fate of petroleum at sea.
(8) A proprietary insecticidal mulesing powder containing diazinon and an experimental liquid dressing based on eucalyptus oil, naphthalene, cresylic acid and chlorfenvinphos in a carrier of liquid hydrocarbons and petroleum oil were compared for their ability to promote wound healing and reduce the incidence of fly strike in freshly mulesed lambs.
(9) Extraction with petroleum ether-chloroform-phenol yielded a protein fraction free of detectable lipopolysaccharide, in which group 3 OMPs (28,500 apparent molecular weight [28.5K], 27.0K, and 25.5K) represented 81% of the total.
(10) Interestingly, however, various fractions--especially those extracted by organic solvents such as petroleum ether, hexane, and chloroform, as well as some purified compounds from these plants--could strongly inhibit the mutagenicity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), an indirect mutagen, when tested in the presence of S-9 mix but not that of 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (AF-2), which does not require metabolic activation for its mutagenicity.
(11) BP would need to bring equipment from Texas to contain South Australia oil spill Read more BP plans to drill the first of four exploratory wells off the South Australian coast next year and submitted an environmental plan (pdf) for approval to the National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority last week.
(12) The nature of organic substance appearing in the petroleum stratum is discussed.
(13) In this chapter the authors examine the toxicologic and epidemiologic literature for a broad range of petroleum-derived products in order to assess the carcinogenic potential of these compounds.
(14) Unlike aspiration pneumonitis, which follows petroleum distillate ingestion, chemical pneumonitis from pine oil cleaner may occur from gastrointestinal absorption of pine oil and deposition in lung tissue.
(15) Mutagenicity, polynuclear aromatic compound content, and skin carcinogenicity were compared for a series of complex oil mixtures derived from the refining and processing of petroleum.
(16) Serum samples were extracted with petroleum ether following precipitation of proteins with ethanol.
(17) BP credit rating downgraded after Tony Hayward's grilling by Congress 19 June One of BP's partners, Anadarko Petroleum, refuses to accept any responsibility for the Deepwater Horizon explosion despite owning a quarter of the well.
(18) In the past, the Saudis have encouraged Opec (Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) to reduce its output targets during periods of low oil prices.
(19) We report the case of a child who sustained partial thickness burns from a garlic-petroleum jelly plaster, which had been applied at the direction of a naturopathic physician.
(20) The extraction of carotenes with petroleum ether under the same conditions does not change the electrophoretic mobility of the chlorophyll-protein complexes.