(n.) That which has only an apparent existence; an apparition; a specter; a phantasm; a sprite; an airy spirit; an ideal image.
Example Sentences:
(1) This is due to changes with energy in the relative backscattered electron fluence between chamber support and phantom materials.
(2) To know the relation between the signal intensity and sodium concentration, sodium concentration--signal intensity curve was obtained using phantoms with various sodium concentrations (0.05-1.0%).
(3) This technique is compared with calculated outline and ring source attenuation correction techniques in a pie phantom.
(4) To evaluate image quality a perspex phantom with image quality test objects was used.
(5) The validity of the response of this probe to Y-90 and its clinical application were assessed with a phantom containing varying activities and with biopsy samples obtained from patients being treated with SIR therapy.
(6) Preliminary heating patterns studied in phantoms indicate the possibility of treating volumes greater than 2000 cm3 within the 50 per cent isotherm.
(7) With the addition of a preservative, the phantom could be used for experiments on heating, without degeneration, for over one year.
(8) Diffusion coefficients measured on images of water and acetone phantoms were consistent with published values.
(9) The incidence of phantom pain and nonpainful phantom sensations was 13.3% and 15.0%, respectively, 3 weeks after mastectomy, 12.7% and 11.8%, respectively, after a year, and 17.4% and 11.8%, respectively, after 6 years.
(10) Phantom studies simulating clinical conditions showed no significant difference in performance at 140 keV.
(11) In addition, normalized organ dose to the breast, active bone marrow, thyroid, eyes, ovaries, and testes were measured in a pediatric anthropomorphic phantom comparing the anteroposterior and posteroanterior projections.
(12) Studies carried out on the phantom have shown how reliable transverse diameter measurements of the pelvis are when carried out by X-Ray scanning pelvimetry compared with conventional X-Ray pelvimetry.
(13) A comparison is made between five irradiation methods, the dose distribution and volume doses of which had been ascertained by means of two phantoms presupposed differently large.
(14) Analysis of the penumbra width of cross dose distributions, as a function of field sizes, allowed us to postulate that the dmax shift could be due to the phantom scattered photons, which in turn were generated by the collimator scattered photons.
(15) The phantom combines an inhalation system which allows for the simulation of xenon buildup or washout in the arterial blood as well as a multisection translatable cylinder in which several sections can be scanned during a preselected protocol to simulate the CT enhancement in brain tissue during a study.
(16) The measurements show that the machine outputs are only slightly dependent on phantom size; the percentage depth dose distributions, however, are strongly dependent on the phantom size, suggesting that machine data for total body irradiations should be measured in phantoms whose dimensions approximate the patient during the total body irradiation.
(17) The Greeks could be delivering an answer to a phantom question.
(18) Quantitative analysis of MR images included fat signal fraction for animals, and relative signal decrease between in-phase and opposed-phase images for phantom and human data.
(19) Relative dose functions for 125I for these phantom media are fitted to second-degree polynomials.
(20) The supplied reference rods were scanned in different positions within the lung fields of the phantom and with varied chest wall thicknesses.
Reality
Definition:
(n.) The state or quality of being real; actual being or existence of anything, in distinction from mere appearance; fact.
(n.) That which is real; an actual existence; that which is not imagination, fiction, or pretense; that which has objective existence, and is not merely an idea.
(n.) Loyalty; devotion.
(n.) See 2d Realty, 2.
Example Sentences:
(1) The stages of mourning involve cognitive learning of the reality of the loss; behaviours associated with mourning, such as searching, embody unlearning by extinction; finally, physiological concomitants of grief may influence unlearning by direct effects on neurotransmitters or neurohormones, such as cortisol, ACTH, or norepinephrine.
(2) It helped pay the bills and caused me to ponder on the disconnection between theory and reality.
(3) But Howard added that it may take a while and he is not confident the political reality will change.
(4) Such a science puts men in a couple of scientific laws and suppresses the moment of active doing (accepting or refusing) as a sufficient preassumption of reality.
(5) Here is the reality of social mobility in modern Britain.
(6) Ukip and the Greens are beneficiaries of this new political reality – as, arguably, is the SNP as it prepares to invade Labour’s heartland in Scotland next May.
(7) The headteacher of the school featured in the reality television series Educating Essex has described using his own money to buy a winter coat for a boy whose parents could not afford one, in a symptom of an escalating economic crisis that has seen the number of pupils in the area taking home food parcels triple in a year.
(8) Reality set in once you got home to your parents and the regular neighborhood kids, and your thoughts turned to new notebooks for the school year and whether you got prettier while you were away and whether your crushes were going to notice.
(9) Historical reality suggests the concept of socially necessary risk determined through the dialectic process in democracy.
(10) By sharing insights and best practice expertise through [the Electrical and Electronic Equipment Sustainability Action Plan] esap and other platforms, Wrap believes business models such as trade-in services will be a reality in the next three to five years.” The actions of the 51 signatories to esap include: implementing new business models such as take-back and resale; extending product durability; and gaining greater value from reuse and recycling.
(11) In reality, one of those things – Mr Renzi’s fall – has come to pass; but the other – a Hofer win in Austria – has not.
(12) Dawson argued that the health profession has a history of thinking that social care can be "subsumed by medical decisions" when in reality they are two different cultures.
(13) The first problem facing Calderdale is sheep-rustling Happy Valley – filmed around Hebden Bridge, with its beautiful stone houses straight off the pages of the Guardian’s Lets Move To – may be filled with rolling hills and verdant pastures, but the reality of rural issues are harsh.
(14) The combination of cost control with universal, comprehensive coverage has surprised some American observers, who have questioned its reality, its sustainability, or both.
(15) The reality is I like football so much, I miss football, and when I have the chance to be back I will come back.” Mourinho, who was joined by his agent Jorge Mendes to speak to children at the NorthLight school as part of the Valencia chairman Peter Lim’s Olympic scholarship, added: “It’s quite a funny career.
(16) "The rise in those who are self-employed is good news, but the reality is that those who have turned to freelance work in order to pull themselves out of unemployment and those who have decided to work for themselves face a challenging tax maze that could land them in hot water should they get it wrong," says Chas Roy-Chowdhury, head of taxation at the Association of Certified Chartered Accountants.
(17) "It would be ridiculous to encourage shale gas when in reality its greenhouse gas footprint could be as bad as or worse than coal.
(18) Much criticism, though, is based on genuine misunderstanding or a wild misrepresentation of reality – even in the pages of prestigious newspapers.
(19) Saudi Arabia As one might imagine, Saudi television rather wants for the bounty we enjoy here - reality shows in which footballers' mistresses administer handjobs to barnyard animals, and all those other things which make living in the godless west such a pleasure.
(20) "I am the first to admit the difficult reality that many families face," he told supporters in a campaign speech last weekend.