(n.) That which has only an apparent existence; an apparition; a specter; a phantasm; a sprite; an airy spirit; an ideal image.
Example Sentences:
(1) This is due to changes with energy in the relative backscattered electron fluence between chamber support and phantom materials.
(2) To know the relation between the signal intensity and sodium concentration, sodium concentration--signal intensity curve was obtained using phantoms with various sodium concentrations (0.05-1.0%).
(3) This technique is compared with calculated outline and ring source attenuation correction techniques in a pie phantom.
(4) To evaluate image quality a perspex phantom with image quality test objects was used.
(5) The validity of the response of this probe to Y-90 and its clinical application were assessed with a phantom containing varying activities and with biopsy samples obtained from patients being treated with SIR therapy.
(6) Preliminary heating patterns studied in phantoms indicate the possibility of treating volumes greater than 2000 cm3 within the 50 per cent isotherm.
(7) With the addition of a preservative, the phantom could be used for experiments on heating, without degeneration, for over one year.
(8) Diffusion coefficients measured on images of water and acetone phantoms were consistent with published values.
(9) The incidence of phantom pain and nonpainful phantom sensations was 13.3% and 15.0%, respectively, 3 weeks after mastectomy, 12.7% and 11.8%, respectively, after a year, and 17.4% and 11.8%, respectively, after 6 years.
(10) Phantom studies simulating clinical conditions showed no significant difference in performance at 140 keV.
(11) In addition, normalized organ dose to the breast, active bone marrow, thyroid, eyes, ovaries, and testes were measured in a pediatric anthropomorphic phantom comparing the anteroposterior and posteroanterior projections.
(12) Studies carried out on the phantom have shown how reliable transverse diameter measurements of the pelvis are when carried out by X-Ray scanning pelvimetry compared with conventional X-Ray pelvimetry.
(13) A comparison is made between five irradiation methods, the dose distribution and volume doses of which had been ascertained by means of two phantoms presupposed differently large.
(14) Analysis of the penumbra width of cross dose distributions, as a function of field sizes, allowed us to postulate that the dmax shift could be due to the phantom scattered photons, which in turn were generated by the collimator scattered photons.
(15) The phantom combines an inhalation system which allows for the simulation of xenon buildup or washout in the arterial blood as well as a multisection translatable cylinder in which several sections can be scanned during a preselected protocol to simulate the CT enhancement in brain tissue during a study.
(16) The measurements show that the machine outputs are only slightly dependent on phantom size; the percentage depth dose distributions, however, are strongly dependent on the phantom size, suggesting that machine data for total body irradiations should be measured in phantoms whose dimensions approximate the patient during the total body irradiation.
(17) The Greeks could be delivering an answer to a phantom question.
(18) Quantitative analysis of MR images included fat signal fraction for animals, and relative signal decrease between in-phase and opposed-phase images for phantom and human data.
(19) Relative dose functions for 125I for these phantom media are fitted to second-degree polynomials.
(20) The supplied reference rods were scanned in different positions within the lung fields of the phantom and with varied chest wall thicknesses.
Seen
Definition:
(p. p.) of See
() p. p. of See.
(a.) Versed; skilled; accomplished.
Example Sentences:
(1) At the early phase of the sensitization a T-cell response was seen in vitro, characterized by an increased spleen but no peripheral blood lymphocyte reactivity to T-cell mitogens at the same time as increased reactivity to the sensitizing antigen was detected.
(2) We determined whether serological investigations can assist to distinguish between chronic idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenia (cAITP) and immune-mediated thrombocytopenia in patients at risk to develop systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); 82 patients were seen in this institution for the evaluation of immune thrombocytopenia.
(3) From these data it is possible to predict theoretically the apparent temperature difference as seen by an infrared scanner or radiometer with a detector of which the spectral detectivity, D (lambda), is known.
(4) Marked enhancement of IFN-gamma production by T cells was seen in the presence of as little as 0.3% thymic DC.
(5) The results of the evaluation confirm that most problems seen by first level medical personnel in developing countries are simple, repetitive, and treatable at home or by a paramedical worker with a few safe, essential drugs, thus avoiding unnecessary visits to a doctor.
(6) Augmentation of transformation response was generally not seen at 40 degrees C; incubation at that temperature was associated with decreased cellular viability.
(7) A marked overlap of input from the two eyes is an unusual feature for a diprotodont marsupial and has previously been seen only in the feathertail glider.
(8) Developing seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells were first seen on day 26, and were well established one day later.
(9) These same molecules may be equally responsible for the pathologic characteristics of the immune response seen, for example, in inflammatory bowel diseases.
(10) Examination of the SON in such animals revealed that the oxytocinergic system is already modified by day 12 of dioestrus; during suckling-induced lactation, the anatomical changes are identical to those seen during a normal post-partum lactation.
(11) No effect of BSO pretreatments on the incomplete removal of crosslinks over 36 hr of observation was seen.
(12) Epidermal growth factor reduced plating efficiency by about 50% for A431 cells in different cell cycle phases whereas a slight increase in plating efficiency was seen for SiHa cells.
(13) However, an anti-nef antibody response was also seen in 5 of 93 (5%) nonrisk dermatological patients and in 4 of 37 (11%) healthy blood donors.
(14) The regional distribution of beta-adrenoceptor subtypes was found to be similar to that seen in the rat brain.
(15) The inhibition was not seen in longitudinal muscle without myenteric plexus.
(16) Chloroquine induced large cytoplasmic vacuoles, whereas the other drugs (quinacrine, 4,4'-diethylaminoethoxyhexestrol, chlorphentermine, iprindole, 1-chloro-amitriptyline, clomipramine) caused formation of lamellated or crystalloid inclusions as usually seen in drug-induced lipidosis.
(17) Reasonably good agreement is seen between theoretical apparent rate-vesicle concentration relationships and those measured experimentally.
(18) The defensive modifications of the functions of the ego itself seen in micropsia are closely allied to those seen in the dèjá vu experience and in depersonalization.
(19) It is concluded that TRH is a specific activator of enteric excitatory pathways and that duodenal inhibition seen in control animals is a consequence of gastro-duodenal inhibitory reflexes.
(20) Only seven films (or 0.7 percent of the entire cohort) showed nodular or rounded opacities of the type typically seen in uncomplicated silicosis.