(n.) That which has only an apparent existence; an apparition; a specter; a phantasm; a sprite; an airy spirit; an ideal image.
Example Sentences:
(1) This is due to changes with energy in the relative backscattered electron fluence between chamber support and phantom materials.
(2) To know the relation between the signal intensity and sodium concentration, sodium concentration--signal intensity curve was obtained using phantoms with various sodium concentrations (0.05-1.0%).
(3) This technique is compared with calculated outline and ring source attenuation correction techniques in a pie phantom.
(4) To evaluate image quality a perspex phantom with image quality test objects was used.
(5) The validity of the response of this probe to Y-90 and its clinical application were assessed with a phantom containing varying activities and with biopsy samples obtained from patients being treated with SIR therapy.
(6) Preliminary heating patterns studied in phantoms indicate the possibility of treating volumes greater than 2000 cm3 within the 50 per cent isotherm.
(7) With the addition of a preservative, the phantom could be used for experiments on heating, without degeneration, for over one year.
(8) Diffusion coefficients measured on images of water and acetone phantoms were consistent with published values.
(9) The incidence of phantom pain and nonpainful phantom sensations was 13.3% and 15.0%, respectively, 3 weeks after mastectomy, 12.7% and 11.8%, respectively, after a year, and 17.4% and 11.8%, respectively, after 6 years.
(10) Phantom studies simulating clinical conditions showed no significant difference in performance at 140 keV.
(11) In addition, normalized organ dose to the breast, active bone marrow, thyroid, eyes, ovaries, and testes were measured in a pediatric anthropomorphic phantom comparing the anteroposterior and posteroanterior projections.
(12) Studies carried out on the phantom have shown how reliable transverse diameter measurements of the pelvis are when carried out by X-Ray scanning pelvimetry compared with conventional X-Ray pelvimetry.
(13) A comparison is made between five irradiation methods, the dose distribution and volume doses of which had been ascertained by means of two phantoms presupposed differently large.
(14) Analysis of the penumbra width of cross dose distributions, as a function of field sizes, allowed us to postulate that the dmax shift could be due to the phantom scattered photons, which in turn were generated by the collimator scattered photons.
(15) The phantom combines an inhalation system which allows for the simulation of xenon buildup or washout in the arterial blood as well as a multisection translatable cylinder in which several sections can be scanned during a preselected protocol to simulate the CT enhancement in brain tissue during a study.
(16) The measurements show that the machine outputs are only slightly dependent on phantom size; the percentage depth dose distributions, however, are strongly dependent on the phantom size, suggesting that machine data for total body irradiations should be measured in phantoms whose dimensions approximate the patient during the total body irradiation.
(17) The Greeks could be delivering an answer to a phantom question.
(18) Quantitative analysis of MR images included fat signal fraction for animals, and relative signal decrease between in-phase and opposed-phase images for phantom and human data.
(19) Relative dose functions for 125I for these phantom media are fitted to second-degree polynomials.
(20) The supplied reference rods were scanned in different positions within the lung fields of the phantom and with varied chest wall thicknesses.
Specter
Definition:
(n.) Alt. of Spectre
Example Sentences:
(1) The "graying" of America has riveted the attention of policy makers in the United States on the potential specter of an excess population of sick, poor, disabled, aged Americans.
(2) State officials there have said a pharmacy supplying execution drugs received an email in January that raised the specter of the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing that killed more than 160 people.
(3) 'The things about him that I wish ...' Specter goes on, a little awkwardly.
(4) Perhaps more significantly, after the slight summer wobble that had raised the specter of last year’s collapse on the run-in, the Sounders have secured a playoff spot, and could achieve a further boost to their long-term ambitions when they play Philadelphia in the US Open Cup final this week – giving them a possible early route back to the Champions League.
(5) In-hospital resuscitation focuses on an aggressive team approach, raising the specter that some patients who have little chance of survival may receive protracted, but futile, resuscitation efforts.
(6) Unilateral hearing loss raises the specter of acoustic neuroma.
(7) With just over four months left before Americans heads to the polls, the specter of the general election hung heavily over the summit.
(8) That raised the specter of the intelligence committee, which is charged with overseeing the NSA, withholding information from members elected in the 2010 election, when many libertarian and Tea Party Republicans uncomfortable with government power – like Amash – won office.
(9) Clinically, these cases demonstrated signs or symptoms of autoimmune dysfunction, raising the specter of primary cerebral vasculopathy as a cause of cerebral infarction, in contrast to recurrent cerebral emboli.
(10) I tell Specter how proudly Remnick told me of his triumph in the Hackathlon, and that I wondered afterwards what he meant by extolling such bare-faced bad writing.
(11) On a conscious level, these patients may have pessimistic views of the future, including the specter of imminent death, which, for some, is a real possibility.
(12) The combined changes (specters of isoenzymes of intracellular and extracellular pectatelyase, protein composition of periplasm and outer membrane) in the cells of E. chrysanthemi ENA49 from the periodical culture growing on the inducer containing medium have been studied.
(13) (Specter and Gladwell are both old friends of Remnick's from the Washington Post, and both now colleagues at the New Yorker.)
(14) How far have the courts in these cases extended the Tarasoff duty to protect and is the specter of strict liability real or imagined?
(15) That line becomes the unstated mantra of season two, in which Penny Dreadful streamlines into a surprisingly heartfelt meditation on remorse, solitude, personal demons and the remote, hazy specter of deliverance.
(16) Not a single Republican in either chamber voted for it – and neither did the Republican defector Specter.
(17) To quote Grantland's Charles Pierce's "A Commissioner's Legacy," a necessary corrective to some of the warmer and fuzzier reactions to Stern's departure: The specter of the days when the NBA was thought to be “too black” never has been far from his decision to knuckle Allen Iverson about rap music and to create and enforce a silly dress code that was applauded by great swaths of the nation’s boring people, and to make a buck off the softer side of hip-hop culture while remaining terrified of its tougher precincts.
(18) Boehner and his staff gamely tried to fend off both the specter of a shutdown and a leadership challenge from his caucus’ more belligerent culture warriors – as late as yesterday, a Boehner spokesman was assuring the press that the battle-tested speaker “wasn’t going anywhere.” No doubt, however, that a cursory look at the long train of sober spiritual leaders in his caucus lining up to deliver pointless CSPAN tantrums over the outrages of science prompted the longtime Ohio Congressman to mutter some variant of Good Lord, not this again together with a few well-chosen profanities for good measure.
(19) Trump also warned of the specter of voter fraud without evidence, revisiting accusations he first made in August that there would be voter fraud in “certain areas” of Pennsylvania, a statement that was a clear dog-whistle about African American areas of Philadelphia.
(20) The picks ultimately raise the specter that Trump’s administration could be more conventional than many had anticipated, following Trump’s repeated pledges to “drain the swamp.” In fact, Puzder has even been attacked by a number of Trump allies, including Breitbart, for his past support of immigration reform.